UC Berkeley scientists
calculated average ocean temperatures from 1999 to 2015, separately using ocean buoys and satellite data, and confirmed the uninterrupted warming trend reported by NOAA in 2015, based on that organization's recalibration of sea surface temperature recordings from ships and buoys.
Not exact matches
These
average ocean temperatures for Coney Island are
calculated from several years of archived data.
For his site - specific project East Meets West, Finch traveled to the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, where he used a colorimeter — a device that measures the
average color and
temperature of light that exists naturally in a specific place and time — to
calculate the color of the light on the
oceans.
Petra, The global
average surface
temperature as
calculated by the various groups is an indicator of the warming of the system that includes the
oceans, the atmosphere and the uppermost layers of ground.
* Their favorite computer models happen to claim that the Earth absorbs «0.85 + -0.15 W / m ^ 2» more energy than it emits; the same number «0.85 W / m ^ 2» is
calculated from the increasing
temperature of
oceans as the
average extra energy stored by the
oceans.
«TCR and ECS are
calculated by regressing ensemble -
average decadal mean forcing or forcing minus
ocean heat content change rate against ensemble -
average temperature change.»
The three major groups
calculating the
average surface
temperature of the earth (land and
ocean combined) all are currently indicating that 2014 will likely nudge out 2010 (by a couple hundredths of a degree Celsius) to become the warmest year in each dataset (which begin in mid-to-late 1800s).
The PDO Index is
calculated by spatially
averaging the monthly sea surface
temperature (SST) of the Pacific
Ocean north of 20 ° N.
If there is deep - water formation in the final steady state as in the present day, the
ocean will eventually warm up fairly uniformly by the amount of the global
average surface
temperature change (Stouffer and Manabe, 2003), which would result in about 0.5 m of thermal expansion per degree celsius of warming,
calculated from observed climatology; the EMICs in Figure 10.34 indicate 0.2 to 0.6 m °C — 1 for their final steady state (year 3000) relative to 2000.
This is how the PDO index is
calculated: The PDO Index is
calculated by spatially
averaging the monthly sea surface
temperature (SST) of the Pacific
Ocean north of 20 ° N.
Like everyone else, SOD wants to subtract ULR (
calculated for an arbitrary
ocean temperature of 300 degK or 290 degK) from DLR (who knows where these numbers came from: most likely land, possibly sunny
ocean at 290 degK, possibly cloudy
ocean at 300 degK, possibly some
average that may even be reasonable for one — but not both — of these two
temperatures).
The globally
averaged combined land and
ocean surface
temperature data as
calculated by a linear trend show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C over the period 1880 to 2012