Sentences with phrase «called cell block»

Not exact matches

For example, what are the odds of a protein, that is necessary for a cell to function and called the «building block of life», coming about at random?

The building block electronic and protonic actual occasions are, in the case of human beings, swept into vastly more complex, Chinese box - like sets of containing societies within which there are social levels that can be identified with cells, others which answer to Aristotle's levels of tissues and organs, and which finally are presided over by what Whitehead refers to as the regnant nexus, a social thread of complex temporal inheritance which, Whitehead suggests, wanders from part to part of the brain, is the seat of conscious direction of the organism as a whole, and answers to what in Plato and Aristotle is called the soul.

After running, I talked to another neighbor about some details for the upcoming block party that she is helping us organize, then greeted another neighbor, a widow who told me her phones had not worked for two days and she could not call anyone because she had also lost her cell phone.

Then the researchers doused dengue - spreading mosquitoes with a chemical that shuts down the mosquitoes» ability to detect CO2 by blocking a receptor called neuron — cpA, a type of sensory cell found on a small pair of antennalike structures near the mouth called the maxillary palps.

Specifically, the Mount Sinai study was designed to test whether pharmacological compounds designed to block the function of XPO1 / CRM1 could stop disease progression in mouse models that exhibit some of the characteristics of MS. Researchers found that two chemical agents (called KPT - 276 and KPT - 350) prevented XPO1 / CRM1 from shuttling cargo out of the nucleus of nerve cells, which protected them from free radicals and structural damage.

To block the FA repair pathway in leukemic cells, researchers tested the inhibition of a protein called mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin).

In order to replicate, cells must make copies of their DNA, which is made up of building blocks called deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs).

Studying mice with injuries to the lining of the stomach, the researchers blocked the animals» ability to call on stem cells for help in the stomach.

The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms, and is sometimes called the «building block of life.»

A drug called tenapanor blocks a molecule in intestinal cells that moves sodium from the gut into the body.

When someone has a heart attack due to a blocked artery, the heart is deprived of oxygen (an effect called ischemia) and cells die.

Liang Xu, Ph.D. member of the KU Cancer Center's Drug Discovery, Delivery and Experimental Therapeutics program and associate professor of molecular biosciences at KU, has discovered that targeting a cell - surface receptor called «CD44s» can block pancreatic tumor formation and recurrence after radiotherapy.

That protein, called NRSF, blocks the expression of 64 different genes and prevents them from turning a cell into a neuron.

The patients received biweekly infusions of nivolumab, which is an antibody that blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of immune system T cells.

The team found that lithium delays aging by blocking GSK - 3 and activating another molecule called NRF - 2, which is found in worms, flies and mammals (including humans) and is important for defending cells against damage.

The drug caused immune cells called macrophages to eject their cholesterol, an important effect because cholesterol - laden macrophages help trigger artery - blocking plaques.

They were able to show that treatment of the cells with three drugs, called obatoclax, saliphenylhalamide and gemcitabine, prevented synthesis of viral building blocks and production of new viruses at concentrations that are not toxic to cells.

They already knew of one such compound, a chemical called PD09859 that is one of 60,000 agents the NCI had screened for ability to block growth of human tumor cells.

The protein, called Bcl - 2, is already famed among biologists for its ability to block «apoptosis,» or cell suicide, the process by which damaged or obsolete cells destroy themselves.

Palbociclib blocks a major alternate route, called the CDK4 / 6 growth signal, by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and cellular division.

This outcome is achieved because miR - 34a blocks the development of bone - destroying cells called osteoclasts, which make the bone less dense and prone to fracture.

Denmeade says the combination of drugs that block testosterone production and receptors, called androgen deprivation therapy, may make prostate cancer more aggressive over time by enabling prostate cancer cells to subvert attempts to block testosterone receptors.

In experiments in mice and human cells, researchers found that blocking CXCR4 — a so - called homing receptor protein molecule that helps T cells mature and attracts blood cells to the bone marrow — halted disease progression in bone marrow and spleen tissue within two weeks.

If cells are exposed to a drug called etoposide, SIRT1 ubiquitination blocks cell death.

The new drug, a small molecule called anle138b, blocks these pores from moving ions in and out of nerve cells.

«The novelty of this study is two-fold: We used a preclinical prevention paradigm of a CRF - antagonist (a drug that blocks the CRF receptor in brain cells) called R121919 in a well - established AD model — and we did so in a way that draws upon our experience in human trials.

But now University of Pennsylvania biochemist Doron Greenbaum has found a way to lock malaria inside the cells by blocking the action of a key host protein, called calpain, that allows its escape.

The researchers tested two anti-CK2 drugs for their ability to stimulate the production of new brown fat in mice: a new small - molecule CK2 - blocker called silmitasertib (CX - 4945), which is already in clinical trials as a cancer therapeutic; and a more precise next - generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) drug developed in collaboration with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which eliminates CK2 by blocking the RNA instructions cells use to produce it.

Building on previous work from Yuan's lab showing that the activity of RIPK1 could be blocked by a chemical called necrostatin - 1, the research team tested how ALS cells in lab dishes would respond to the same treatment.

Instead, adaptaquin seemed to work by blocking a protein called ATF4 that drove cell death in neurons.

The research team learned the virus brings with it to the cell a protein called UL138 that blocks the cellular lysine demethylases from turning the virus back on.

In a series of cell - based studies, they showed that it both blocked a family of iron - containing, oxygen - sensing enzymes called hypoxia - inducible factor prolyl - hydroxylases (HIF - PHD) and, critically, protected neurons by activating genes that protect them from oxidative stress.

A new class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors block molecules on T cells that shut down immune response, freeing the immune system to attack tumors.

Their idea emerged from test - tube experiments that Munn did years ago, when he showed that some macrophages could stop T cells in their tracks by starving them of a building block called tryptophan.

However, this re-activation is blocked in most latently - infected cells by cellular molecules called immune check - points.

In 2013, the lab of Peter Walter, a biochemist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), discovered a compound — called ISRIB — that blocked the stress response in human cells in a dish.

It occurs when light - sensing cells malfunction in a part of the retina called the macula and block the central field of vision.

The lung cancer drug — called gefitinib — helps by blocking a protein that is known to encourage cell growth, and which was found to be present in high levels at the site of ectopic pregnancies.

In fact, researchers at Stanford are already collaborating on initial clinical trials of an antibody that blocks cancer cells from displaying one such death - evading signal — a molecule called CD47.

They did so using a technique called RNA interference, or RNAi, to clamp down on three genes found in infected cells, blocking the wily virus from moving to other cells.

Researchers at the University of Sheffield investigated a drug called dasatinib, which works by blocking certain chemical signals that stimulate the growth of cancer cells.

Researchers led by Van Allen and Choueiri sought an explanation for why some patients with a form of metastatic kidney cancer called clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) gain clinical benefit — sometimes durable — from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the PD - 1 checkpoint, while other patients don't.

«We were able to develop this very novel method to go to a single neuron and manipulate how it computes» by using drugs to block neurotransmitters at the level of a single nerve cell in a frog brain, and then measuring what happens to that neuron in response to frog calls, Alluri says.

The drug tested is an antibody that blocks a receptor called PD - 1 on the surface of the immune system's T cells.

Deth reported last year, for example, that in human nerve cells thimerosal blocks a chemical reaction called methylation that is critical to gene activity and that is also disabled by exposure to lead.

The new study combined two methods: So - called «patch recording» of tiny voltages in single frog brain cells and how the voltages change in response to sounds of different lengths, and the administration of drugs that block neurotransmitters — a way to learn how brain cells respond to sound with and without the normal neurotransmitters.

When the researchers blocked the NuRD complex, cells in the cerebellum called granule cells failed to form connections with other nerve cells, the Purkinje neurons.

By adding vitamin D to a petri dish full of osteoclast precursors, they discovered that the hormone blocked a signal called RANK ligand that tells these cells to become osteoclasts.

Now cancer researchers at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, have shown that blocking LDH - A, using a technique called RNA interference (ScienceNOW, 10 November 2004), lowers the growth rates of cancer cells by about 100 fold.

Androgens, like testosterone, encourage the growth of prostate cancer cells, so scientists designed drugs called selective androgen receptor antagonists / modulators (SARMs) to block androgen receptors.