Genetic defects cause
photoreceptor degeneration, which are majorly classified into
rod - cone dystrophy
called retinitis pigmentosa (
rods initially degenerate, followed by cone degeneration), cone -
rod dystrophy (cone degeneration, followed by
rod degeneration), and Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA).
Behind the
photoreceptors is another layer of cells
called retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which support the
rods and cones by delivering nutrients from the bloodstream and removing waste that the
rods and cones generate.