Sentences with phrase «called axons»

It is the flow of electricity from neuron to neuron, through connections called axons and dendrites, that activates the neuroplastic growth of more efficient connections.

In a 2012 study, students trained in a mindfulness technique had a significant decrease in stress - related cortisol and an increase in signaling connections (called axons) in a part of the brain that controls emotions.

They connect with each other through long, slender structures called axons.

Skin cells, for example, are small and compact, while nerve cells that enable you to wiggle your toes have long, branching nerve fibers called axons that conduct electrical impulses.

These structures are called axons.

Many, many more specialized cells called «glia» protect and support neurons in gray matter, and provide insulation for their delicate interconnections (called axons) in the «white matter.»

Neurons are highly specialized cells with very long projections called axons, which they use to communicate with one another.

In order to communicate with one another and with non-neuronal cells the neurons rely on the long extensions called axons, which are somewhat analogous to electrically conducting wires.

Long, thin fibers called axons extend from neural cells, and the particular geometry of the thalamus, with its many connections, makes it particularly vulnerable to injury.

As the neurons grow on each side, they sprout long branches, called axons, which creep down the grooves to make contact with neurons growing on the other side in order to transmit electric signals between them.

To connect with other neurons into circuits, neurons grow long branch - like structures called axons and dendrites.

In another experiment, the researchers severed rodents» optic nerves — an act ordinarily lethal to RGCs, whose outgoing fibers, called axons, constitute the optic nerve.

The spinal cord is a thick cable of nerve projections called axons that course from the brain to activate muscles, and from sensory organs back to the brain to provide feedback.

These electrical pulses travel along specialized extensions called axons to cause the release of chemical signals elsewhere in the brain.

Computer programs created 3D models of the glowing neurons and their projections, called axons, which can be half a metre long and branch like a tree.

In the final experiment, the researchers followed the PBelCGRP neurons» long - reaching branches (called axons) to the cells they connect with in other regions of the brain.

Neurons are specialized cells of the nervous system that communicate using electrical signals, which propagate down long, wire - like projections called axons.

The brain's white matter is composed of millions of nerve fibers called axons that act like communication cables connecting various regions of the brain.

TBI commonly damages nerve fibers in the brain called axons.

Those who «recalled» more lures were assumed to be more prone to false memories, and were found to have higher - quality neural connections, called axons, in the superior longitudinal fascicle, known to be associated with gist - based memory (Journal of Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1523 / jneurosci.5270 - 08.2009).

The center of the cord is gray matter — essentially an extension of the brain, like a tail — that is sheathed in fibrous white matter, with long, thin nerve fibers called axons shooting out at intervals to wire every part of the body.

This fatty material is an insulator covering and modulating a part of the nerve cell called the axon, which transmits electrical signals to other cells.

A long fiber called the axon extends from the cell body and is coated with a protective sheath called myelin, which acts like insulation on a wire, protecting the axon and facilitating sending and receiving electrical signals.

Not exact matches

After entering axons through activated TRPV4 channels, calcium ions appear to disrupt the microtubule cytoskeleton by inhibiting a microtubule - stabilizing protein called STOP.

The researchers found that puffing activated a mechanosensitive channel protein called TRPV4, which is enriched in the membrane of neuronal axons and allows calcium ions to enter the cell.

In another neuron called a chandelier cell (above), vertical branches of its signal - sending axon, which serves to quiet other cells, dangle around the cell body.

When you stimulate a neuron, ions like sodium and potassium and chloride flow back and forth, causing what's called an action potential to travel down the neuron, through the axon, to a synapse.

The experience of pain typically starts in receptors near the skin called nociceptors that transmit information through axon fibres to neurons in the spine, then to the brain.

He uses a technique called diffusion spectrum imaging, which traces neural connections by following water molecules as they diffuse along axons.

This process, called tiling, evenly spaces the axons in their target areas within the brain.

The way that an axon guides and finds its proper target is through so - called growth cones located at the tips of axons.

The tip of the axon, called a growth cone, senses chemicals drifting by.

In a disorder called agenesis of the corpus callosum (agenesis meaning «lack of development»), many axons can not find their way out of their own hemisphere.

The third, a powerful growth factor called GDNF, was later injected into sciatic nerves to lure the axons to reach out to peripheral muscles.

But the current technology — diffusion MRI, also called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-- didn't allow him to see injured axons that might explain the problems of TBI patients.

A drug that blocks a component of this cascade called Rho kinase reduced the damage to axons.

Instead, supportive cells called oligodendrocytes are responsible for making the myelin sheath that wraps around axons.

Studying mice, the researchers found that a gene called Phr1 plays a major role in governing the self - destruction of injured axons.

It involves a type of inhibitory neuron called short - axon (SA) cells, and a type of local excitatory neuron called external tufted (ET) cells.

Two - photon microscopy image of a layer of the mouse olfactory bulb (viewed head - on from the front) containing relay stations call glomeruli — places where bundles of axons and dendrites meet.

The HMS study reveals that the aberrant behavior of an enzyme called RIPK1 damages neuronal axons by disrupting the production of myelin, the soft gel - like substance enveloping axons to insulate them from injury.

Using a technique called diffusion tensor imaging, which can spot neural connections, the researchers saw what appeared to be massive tracts of new axon growth.

This insulation, called myelin, is made up of numerous layers of cellular membranes — seen in cross section, an axon insulated in this way resembles the rings of a tree.

The slow speed of spikes (they travel about one foot per second in axons that lack the insulating sheathing called myelin) is one hundred - millionth the speed of signal transmission in digital computers.

Axons of these nerves leave the spinal cord in the ventral branches (rami) of the spinal nerves, and then separate out as «white rami» (so called from the shiny white sheaths of myelin around each axon) which connect to two chain ganglia extending alongside the vertebral column on the left and right.

Instead of rigid bones, axons are built around structural elements, mostly bundles of filaments called microtubules.

For their analyses, the scientists specifically colored the places of origin of axons of so - called pyramidal cells in the hippocampus.

Previous work by Freeman's lab identified another enzyme, a gene called SARM, which was the first shown to activate a process that causes axons to disintegrate when damaged.

Because a protein in mammalian myelin called Nogo - A is known to inhibit central nervous system axon growth in mammals, a team of researchers led by biologist Claudia Stürmer at the University of Konstanz in Germany wondered if fish might be missing this protein.

In Koyuncu's approach, a divided cell chamber called a modified Campenot tri-chamber allows researchers to keep the axons and cell bodies separated.