Some thrive near cracks in the ocean floor —
called hydrothermal vents — that spew scalding water.
Such reactions in hot water under pressure are
called hydrothermal syntheses.
Cooperation with AVA Biochem is part of comprehensive KIT activities for manufacture of chemical energy carriers as well as intermediates from biomass with emphasis on so -
called hydrothermal methods i.e. reactions in water at increased temperatures.
What we have found out since then: These «black smokers,» also
called hydrothermal vents, exist in all oceans.
Geologists
call this hydrothermal activity.
Not exact matches
In the late 1970s, Alvin and his passengers discovered the first known
hydrothermal vents, or «black smokers» as they are sometimes
called.
Some of the oldest microorganisms on Earth,
called methanogens, are often found near
hydrothermal vents like those we suspect also exist on Enceladus (see main story).
A research team — Carnegie's Sergey Lobanov and Alexander Goncharov, along with Konstantin Litasov of the Russian Academy of Science and Novosibirsk State University in Russia — focused on the high - pressure chemistry of a carbonate mineral
called siderite, which is an iron carbonate, FeCO3, commonly found in
hydrothermal vents.
Deep under the ocean on Earth, certain geologically active places have entire ecosystems that thrive in total darkness because
hydrothermal vents
called «black smokers» supply the needed ingredients in the form of energy - rich chemicals dissolved in superheated water.
But like the
hydrothermal vents, cold seeps can support high densities of specialized life forms through a process
called chemosynthesis.