Either one can then send messages to your brain, and signals from the eye to the brain get interpreted as light, whether or not actual light is entering the eye (the rings or spots of light you see are
called phosphenes).
At the same time, transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to excite the brain's visual cortex, priming the volunteers to see illusory spots of light
called phosphenes.
The subjects had to navigate 21 different mazes, with two choices to move forward or down based on whether they sensed a visual stimulation artifact
called a phosphene, which are perceived as blobs or bars of light.