Percentage of adolescents (N = 1359) with a specified number of inattentive (IN), hyperactive - impulsive (HI), and conduct disorder (CD) symptoms who develop nicotine dependence (A), alcohol use disorder (B), or
cannabis use disorder (C) by 18 years of age.
Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) This study investigated whether Multidimensional Family Therapy (MDFT) was more effective than Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in treatment - seeking adolescents with a DSM - IV
cannabis use disorder.
Treatment of adolescents with
a cannabis use disorder: Main findings of a randomized controlled trial comparing Multidimensional Family Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Netherlands.
Cannabis use disorder (CUD), replacing previous cannabis abuse and cannabis dependence, might be as common as appearing in one - fifth of regular cannabis users.6 Risk of CUD is higher in those who use more frequently, are male, and begin at a younger age.6, 24 However, in another study of those meeting criteria for having CUD, 67 % remitted (no longer met criteria) at 3 years, with 64 % of them no longer using cannabis.25 Whether regular medical use might result in CUD, what outcomes this might have, and if discontinuation presents concerns are all not well understood.
As cannabis use is much more common than
cannabis use disorder, its potential impact on cigarette use in the general community may be greater than estimates based on studies of
cannabis use disorder alone, according to the researchers.
The study suggests that marijuana use — even in the absence of
cannabis use disorder (characterized by problematic use of cannabis due to impairment in functioning or difficulty quitting or cutting down on use)-- is associated with increased odds of smoking onset, relapse, and persistence.
«The findings suggest that if we can prevent or reduce chronic depression during early adolescence, we may reduce the prevalence of
cannabis use disorder,» said lead author Isaac Rhew, research assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine.
The researchers were surprised to see that the prevalence of cannabis and alcohol use disorder in this study was notably higher than national estimates with 21 percent meeting criteria for
cannabis use disorder and 20 percent meeting criteria for alcohol use disorder at age 18.
«Many adolescents and young adults who are at high risk for psychosis smoke marijuana regularly or have
a cannabis use disorder,» said Margaret Haney, PhD, professor of neurobiology (in Psychiatry) at CUMC and senior author of the paper.
These GABA neurons may represent a promising new target for treatment of
cannabis use disorder, a common condition on the rise in the United States.
Researchers found that illegal use of marijuana and rates of
cannabis use disorder rose to a greater extent in US states that adopted laws legalizing marijuana for medical purposes than in states that didn't adopt such laws.
Cannabis use disorder occurs when users» lives are impaired by cravings or withdrawal, for example.
If the US population remained constant over that time period, the researchers calculate, medical marijuana laws could be linked to 1.1 million additional cannabis users and 500,000 extra people with
cannabis use disorder nationwide.
The focus of the research programs in the Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology is the clinical evaluation of potential medications for protracted abstinence and relapse prevention in alcohol use disorder and related disorders such as nicotine and
cannabis use disorders.
Parental transmission of risk for
cannabis use disorders to offspring.
Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) This article presents the main outcome findings from two inter-related randomized trials conducted at 4 sites to evaluate the effectiveness of 5 short - term outpatient interventions for adolescents with
cannabis use disorders.
Hyperactivity / impulsivity significantly predicted nicotine, alcohol, and
cannabis use disorders (and remained significantly predictive except for alcohol use disorders) once CD by the age - 14 follow - up was taken into account.
Inattention significantly predicted nicotine, alcohol, and
cannabis use disorders, but its contributions mostly overlapped those of HI and CD by 14 years of age.
Not exact matches
The increase in
use disorders may be partially explained by an increase in the potency of
cannabis products, said Beatriz Carlini, of the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute at the University of Washington in Seattle.
He has been outspoken about his social anxiety
disorder and his
cannabis use, even opening a line of weed gyms and more recently revealing a personal line of
cannabis products.
Prior to this Act,
cannabis was gaining popularity as a pharmaceutical - having been
used for everything from pain to epilepsy to mental health
disorders.
Yet marijuana is far less dangerous than many other drugs, and
cannabis or its derivatives have been
used to treat everything from chronic pain to post-traumatic stress
disorder to childhood epilepsy.
These drugs may be
used recreationally to purposefully alter one's consciousness (such as coffee, alcohol or
cannabis), as entheogens for spiritual purposes (such as the mescaline - containing peyote cactus or psilocybin - containing mushrooms), and also as medication (such as the
use of narcotics in controlling pain, stimulants to treat narcolepsy and attention
disorders, as well as anti-depressants and anti-psychotics for treating neurological and psychiatric illnesses).
Medicinal
cannabis use is booming for many
disorders, the authors of the paper said, even without enough preclinical evidence or sufficient insights into its mechanism of action.
Researchers from Warwick Medical School found that adolescent
cannabis use is an independent risk factor for future hypomania — periods of elated mood, over-active and excited behaviour, and reduced need for sleep that are often experienced as part of bipolar
disorder, and have a significant impact on day - to - day life.
The findings suggest frequent adolescent
cannabis use is likely to be a suitable target for interventions that may allay the risk of young people developing bipolar
disorder.
However, the prospective link between
cannabis use and bipolar
disorder symptoms has rarely been investigated.
Two studies investigating the
use of
cannabis for spasticity and three case report on
use for neuropathic pain, post-traumatic stress
disorder or Tourette syndrome all lacked controls or blinding, conferring a high risk of biased findings.
«Depression among young teens linked to
cannabis use at 18: Seattle - focused study suggests earlier intervention with depressed youths could reduce rate of
cannabis -
use disorder.»
What researchers called «a 1 standard deviation increase» in cumulative depression during early adolescence was associated with a 50 percent higher likelihood of
cannabis -
use disorder.
However, the review concluded that
cannabis use might not be recommended for conditions such as bipolar
disorder and psychosis.
Other research has shown that long - term
use of
cannabis increases adolescent drug users» risk for certain psychiatric and neurological
disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Great post, I've had Graves Disease which is also an autoimmune
disorder for over 10 yrs, about 5 years ago I completely stopped taking pharmaceuticals & replaced it with
cannabis (personal choice to
use as medication), cut out meat, dairy, processed foods, etc. & I was able to completely reverse my condition.
The website includes fact sheets on a range of topics from bullying to
cannabis use and eating
disorders.
Delusional - like experiences are more common in those with
cannabis dependence
disorder, very early - onset alcohol
use or dependence
disorders, and daily smokers
Box 3 also includes clinical judgements about compliance, whether alcohol or
cannabis was currently
used at clinically significant levels, and whether their
use contributed to the onset of the psychotic
disorders.
Cannabis use can be a significant contributor to poor mental health, particularly when it begins at a young age.4, 5 The adverse mental health effects of cannabis use in the general population are increasingly recognised, including anxiety, depression, 6 — 8 psychotic disorders, 4, 9 — 12 dependence6, 7, 13 withdrawal14, 15 and cognitive impairment.16, 17 Starting to use cannabis before age 15 is associated with an increased likelihood of developing later psychotic disorders, increased risk of dependence, other drug use, and poor educational and psychosocial ou
Cannabis use can be a significant contributor to poor mental health, particularly when it begins at a young age.4, 5 The adverse mental health effects of
cannabis use in the general population are increasingly recognised, including anxiety, depression, 6 — 8 psychotic disorders, 4, 9 — 12 dependence6, 7, 13 withdrawal14, 15 and cognitive impairment.16, 17 Starting to use cannabis before age 15 is associated with an increased likelihood of developing later psychotic disorders, increased risk of dependence, other drug use, and poor educational and psychosocial ou
cannabis use in the general population are increasingly recognised, including anxiety, depression, 6 — 8 psychotic
disorders, 4, 9 — 12 dependence6, 7, 13 withdrawal14, 15 and cognitive impairment.16, 17 Starting to
use cannabis before age 15 is associated with an increased likelihood of developing later psychotic disorders, increased risk of dependence, other drug use, and poor educational and psychosocial ou
cannabis before age 15 is associated with an increased likelihood of developing later psychotic
disorders, increased risk of dependence, other drug
use, and poor educational and psychosocial outcomes.5
Two RCTs reported
cannabis use outcomes following pharmacological interventions: one in people with major depression, alcohol dependence and
cannabis abuse diagnoses (n = 22; fluoxetine vs placebo) and one in people with schizophrenia and
cannabis and / or cocaine
use disorders (n = 28; olanzapine vs risperidone).
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacological or psychological interventions reporting
cannabis use outcomes in people with psychotic or depressive
disorders were included in the review.
Do pharmacological or psychological interventions improve
cannabis use outcomes in people with psychotic or depressive
disorders?
For example, suffering childhood adversity,
using cannabis, and having childhood viral infections of the central nervous system, all increase the odds of someone being diagnosed with a psychotic
disorder (such as schizophrenia) by around two to threefold.
Continued
cannabis use might increase the risk for psychotic
disorder by impacting on the persistence of symptoms.
In the mental health field for more than 25 years with expertise in severe depression, psychosis, psychosis related to
cannabis use, schizophrenia, borderline personality
disorder, PTSD and bipolar
disorder.
Substance
use disorder was diagnosed as follows:
cannabis in 10.1 % of the sample, alcohol in 3.4 % and other drugs in 0.4 %.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide nationally representative data on the prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and comorbidity of antisocial syndromes across alcohol and 8 specific drug
use disorders, including sedative, tranquilizer, opiate, stimulant, hallucinogen,
cannabis, cocaine, and inhalant / solvent abuse and dependence.
Examination of cumulative effects of early adolescent depression on
cannabis and alcohol
use disorder in late adolescence in a community - based cohort.
After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, parental alcohol
use and psychiatric
disorders, and earlier externalizing and internalizing problems, substance
use predicted criminality, especially among males, with the highest odds ratio (OR) for
cannabis use [adjusted OR 6.2, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 3.1 — 12.7].