There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions
capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.
Ordinary atoms, once ionized by the removal of one or more electrons, also emit a continuum EM spectrum, which is not quantized, because a newly
captured free electron can have any initial energy before being captured by the ion.
Not exact matches
Elizabeth Heidrich, a PhD student at Newcastle University in England and lead author of the new study, studies microbial fuel cells — devices that generate electrical current by
capturing the
electrons freed as bacteria break down organic matter in wastewater.
In particular, a charged molecule called hydronium, which has three hydrogen atoms and one oxygen ion, can transform into water (plus an independent hydrogen atom) if it
captures a
free - floating
electron.
They
capture the light and inject
electrons as
free charges carriers into the TiO2 resulting in current flow.
Free radicals are very unstable and react quickly with other compounds, trying to
capture the needed
electron to gain stability.
These massive windmills — up to 80 feet (24 meters) tall —
capture the energy in wind and convert it into
free - flowing
electrons that people can use to run dishwashers, air conditioning and lights.