Sentences with phrase «carbon atoms on»

The Carbon Cycle is a complex series of processes through which all of the carbon atoms on earth rotate.

The primary strategy these days is to grow carbon atoms on a chip by taking a catalyst like iron and flowing hydrocarbon gas over it.

In 2004, two scientists realized they had isolated a single layer of carbon atoms on a scotch tape used to clean a graphite crystal.

They suspect that the way the olfactory system is organized has little to do with how an organic chemist might organize molecules (for instance, by the number of carbon atoms on each molecule); instead, it more closely resembles the complex way that chemicals are associated in the real world.

Not exact matches

Methane — a compound made up of one carbon atom bonded to four of hydrogen — is, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide.

Nuclear explosions produce radioactive substances that are rare in nature — like carbon - 14, a radioactive form of the carbon atom that forms the chemical basis of all life on earth.

It could affect your fate if it and other carbon atoms wore off and I was not aware of where the period existed on the key board, left it out and withdrew $ 1000 from your bank account, instead of $ 10.00.

There are four distinct types of omega - 3 fats that are differentiated based on the number of carbon atoms (C) they contain along with the number of double bonds (DB) they hold.

In the 1990s the invention of atom - scale carbon cylinders known as carbon nanotubes convinced many scientists that nanotechnology — the manufacture of materials on the molecular level — was poised to revolutionize computing, medicine, and other fields.

Instead, specially placed methyl groups — a carbon atom surrounded by three hydrogens — turn a gene on or off.

They are also all saturated fats, chains of single - bonded carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms neatly lined up on either side of each carbon.

The scientists first grew carpets of microscopic wires of gallium nitride, a light - emitting crystalline material, on an ultrathin mesh of graphene, which is a layer of carbon atoms that is flexible, conductive and tough.

One proposes a numerical unit built on Avogadro's number, derived from the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon - 12.

The study showed that seven - nanometer copper particles deposited on graphene doped with pyridinic nitrogen (an arrangement that causes nitrogen atoms to be bonded to two carbon atoms) had the best performance.

All cells contain the same DNA, but individual genes in any cell can be switched on or off by the addition or subtraction of a methyl group — a carbon atom bound to three hydrogen atoms.

He has spent his career focused on just one bond, a link between a carbon and a hydrogen atom in a molecule of methane, the main component of natural gas.

And I don't mind the — I don't want to use that «anthro -» word again — I don't mind the imbuing of the inanimate carbon atom with sort of a personality, because it really makes it more like an adventurous story that you can grab on to.

The basic structure of SiC is a silicon - carbon bilayer in which silicon atoms sit on top of hexagons of carbon.

They grew their thin film on top of another diamond, which aided in the alignment of the film's carbon atoms.

Furthermore, the researchers report in the 15 June issue of Earth and Planetary Science Letters, the carbon atoms in the two substances are in a heavy form that is extremely rare on Earth.

When paint is first spread on with a brush, the carbon atoms jump into action by bonding with oxygen in the atmosphere.

Lately we've been working on graphene, which is a sheet one atom thick, made entirely of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure like chicken wire.

McKay suggested that the Viking Mars lander may have inadvertently oxidized any evidence of life it its samples of Martian soil, proposed an expedition to gather samples of water from the Saturn moon Enceladus, and offered a child - friendly analogy for how alien life might differ from life on Earth: «I could build a table out of Lincoln logs and you could build a table out of Legos: At the macroscopic scale they'd be the same — they'd both be tables; at the microscopic scale they'd be the same — they'd both be built from carbon atoms.

They investigated samples of the carbon compound enriched with the foreign atom nitrogen on various substrate materials.

On a yellow pad, Blackwell draws a portrait for me of a prototypical quorum - sensing signal molecule: a ring of carbon atoms attached to some hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms, trailing off in a long tail composed of more carbon atoms.

«As a result of screening about 200 compounds, we found that (3 - furyl) diphenylmethane (chem7), which is a triarylmethane that contains 2 phenyl groups and a furyl (a 5 - membered aromatic ring containing 4 carbons and an oxygen atom in the ring) group, had strong inhibitory activity on plant cell division,» says Ueda.

That leaves a project on graphene, a material made of carbon atoms arranged in a single layer, and the Human Brain Project, which aims to recreate the human brain in a computer, as the winners.

Melanie Sanford, a chemist the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, who focuses on using metal - based agents, primarily palladium, to catalyze reactions that substitute hydrogen in carbon - hydrogen bonds with other atoms or functional groups.

We put our starting molecule» — a structure called oligo - enediyne, composed of three benzene rings linked by carbon atoms — «on a silver surface, and then induced reactions by heating it.»

The final step — leading to the corrin ring system of vitamin B12 — involved the transfer of the methyl group on carbon atom 11 to its neighbour on carbon atom 12.

The genes introduced by the German group encode enzymes that add carbon double bonds to the precursors and tack on additional carbon atoms, creating a range of omega - 3 and other fatty acids.

To date the largest objects observed to engage in this quantum jiggery pokery are molecules with 60 carbon atoms arranged like the pattern on a traditional soccer ball and 48 fluorine atoms coated on the surface of that sphere.

On top of that, the gas must be isotopically pure, since only 12C — a stable isotope of the carbon atom — has zero nuclear spin, which is a prerequisite for the magnetic sensor later oOn top of that, the gas must be isotopically pure, since only 12C — a stable isotope of the carbon atom — has zero nuclear spin, which is a prerequisite for the magnetic sensor later onon.

Information on past climate in the Bighorn basin comes from the structure of carbon atoms, known as isotopes, preserved in the rock.

A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that a wax - like hydrocarbon — a chemical consisting of only carbon and hydrogen atoms called heneicosane — on the body surface of subterranean royal termites is used to enable worker termites to recognize and care for them.

The carbon atoms that are essential to life on Earth were forged in the nuclear furnaces of stars that lived and died in an earlier epoch of the Universe, and which seeded the clouds out of which our own Sun and the Solar System were formed.

Disrupted oscillations The researchers focused on nitrogen — vacancy (NV) centers, imperfections in diamond that arise where an atom of nitrogen and an empty space replace carbon atoms at two neighboring spots in the crystal lattice.

Newly developed two - dimensional materials, such as graphene — which consists of a single layer of carbon atoms — have the potential to replace traditional microprocessing chips based on silicon, which have reached the limit of how small they can get.

Cronin is also trying to make living things from cells made of inorganic chemicals (so, chemicals without the atoms, hydrogen, and carbon) in order to show that biology isn't the only way life evolved on Earth.

The carbonates vary subtly depending on the sources of their carbon and oxygen atoms.

On the other hand, oxygen atoms in the dusty disk that would have been heated by stellar accretion within 5 AUs of the Sun could have quickly combined with primordial carbon grains.

The first will involve synthesizing new materials based on graphene, the one - atom - thick carbon material that has proven extremely well suited for carrying electrons coherently and rapidly.

Catalytically growing graphene (a sheet of carbon just one atom thick) and other 2D materials on polycrystalline metal foils by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is one of the best ways to fabricate continuous sheets of these nanostructures.

In 2009, scientists at IBM used an AFM with a CO2 molecule adsorbed on the tip, and using the interaction of this molecule with carbon atoms, they were able to resolve with high detail the chemical structure of small molecules like pentacene.

For instance, radiocarbon dating determines the age of biological remains based on the ratio between the carbon isotopes (atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons) carbon - 12 and carbon - 14 it holds - this proportion changes as radioactive carbon - 14 breaks down while stable carbon - 12 does not.

A molecule containing three oxygen atoms, computer models suggest that ozone on Venus is formed when sunlight breaks up carbon dioxide molecules and releases oxygen atoms, which are swept around to the planet's nightside by winds where they can then combine to form unstable, three - atom ozone molecules, as well as much more stable, two - atom molecules essential for animals.

«Water can interact with cyanide's carbon or nitrogen and rock back and forth on one atom,» said Wang.

One sentence summary: Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory discovered that on large palladium particles, the abundance of active hydrogen atoms promotes the formation of methane from carbon dioxide, but on the smaller particles, less hydrogen is available and the reaction produces carbon monoxide.

They replaced particular carbon atoms in the hexagonal lattice with boron and nitrogen atoms using surface chemistry, by placing suitable organic precursor compounds on a gold surface.

The possible positions of chlorine atoms on the benzene rings are denoted by numbers assigned to the carbon atoms.