Sentences with phrase «carbon content using»

We convert energy content to carbon content using emission factors of Table 4.2 of [15] for coal, gas and conventional oil, and, also following [15], emission factor of unconventional oil is approximated as being the same as for coal.

We convert energy content to carbon content using emission factors of Table 4.2 of [15] for coal, gas and conventional oil, and, also following [15], emission factor of unconventional oil is approximated as being the same as for coal.

Not exact matches

He said that, with more than 100 different blends or grades of crude oil each with its own carbon content, the EPA should not use an «average crude oil» as a standard of comparison.

Not only does Ripple milk boast lower sugar content than most other milk, it uses 25 times less water than milk to produce and has half the carbon footprint.

Development of cost - effective means to separate carbon dioxide during the production process will improve this advantage over other fossil fuels and enable the economic production of gas resources with higher carbon dioxide content that would be too costly to recover using current carbon capture technologies, Tour said.

His calculations, based on 2008 figures for the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere, show that even assuming a lower estimate of forest carbon content, total and equivalent CO2 would level out at 476 parts per million, even if we stopped all fossil fuel use immediately.

The findings concerning the distribution of tree crowns are important, because they can be used to draw conclusions about, for example, the carbon content or productivity of a forest.

Researchers now use X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to measure air pollution metal content, ion chromatography to identify other chemicals and other tactics to assess organic and elemental carbon levels.

Buckler is credited with improving association mapping, one of the methods used for this research, that is being used to understand the genetic basis of such complex traits as vitamin A content, drought tolerance, nitrogen use, carbon metabolism, disease resistance, and crop and milk yields.

«We therefore had to use a different method, so we measured the composition of carbon isotopes — the ratio of protein and mineral content — in the fossilized sloth bones,» explains Bocherens, and he continues, «Our measurements show that Megatherium lived on an exclusively vegetarian diet.»

The results are being used to map soil properties in Africa, such as soil organic carbon, nutrient content and texture.

For example, we have captured that forests have much higher carbon content than farmland, and that farms using conservation techniques contain more carbon than those using conventional practice.

A script pulled out the direct fossil fuel investments using the Carbon Underground 200 that identifies the top 100 public coal companies globally and the top 100 public oil and gas companies globally, ranked by the potential carbon emissions content of their proven reserves.

Improving energy efficiency and switching to alternative fuels, in combination with reducing the clinker content in cement and deploying emerging and innovative technologies like carbon capture and the use of alternative binding materials are the main carbon - mitigation methods available in cement manufacturing.

One Planet Living principle Masdar Target ZERO CARBON 100 per cent of energy supplied by renewable energy — Photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, wind, waste to energy and other technologies ZERO WASTE 99 per cent diversion of waste from landfill (includes waste reduction measures, re-use of waste wherever possible, recycling, composting, waste to energy) SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT Zero carbon emissions from transport within the city; implementation of measures to reduce the carbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local vCARBON 100 per cent of energy supplied by renewable energy — Photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, wind, waste to energy and other technologies ZERO WASTE 99 per cent diversion of waste from landfill (includes waste reduction measures, re-use of waste wherever possible, recycling, composting, waste to energy) SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT Zero carbon emissions from transport within the city; implementation of measures to reduce the carbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local vcarbon emissions from transport within the city; implementation of measures to reduce the carbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local vcarbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local values.

Transportation measures generally contribute a higher percentage to emissions reductions than to energy use reductions due to the relatively high carbon content of most transportation fuels.

«Kopacz et al. used a global chemical transport model to identify the location from which the BC arriving at a variety of locations in the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau originates, after which they calculated its direct and snow - albedo radiative forcings... they say that observations of black carbon (BC) content in snow «show a rapidly increasing trend,»... «emissions from northern India and central China contribute the majority of BC to the Himalayas,» and that «the Tibetan Plateau receives most BC from western and central China, as well as from India, Nepal, the Middle East, Pakistan and other countries.»»

The basic options are to have individuals consume less, consume things that require less energy, use energy sources that have lower ‐ carbon content, or have fewer people.

In addition, I have shown you that the total future GH warming from the principal GHG, CO2, is constrained by carbon content of all remaining fossil fuels on Earth to an absolute asymptotic maximum of around 2C, which could theoretically occur in 200 to 300 years, in the unlikely event that all fossil fuels get 100 % used up by then

Bituminous: Containing the widest range of carbon content (45 % to 86 %), bituminous is mainly used as a fuel to generate electricity, though some is used as coking coal to produce steel.

Snow samples have been measured for their elemental carbon (used as a proxy for black carbon) and mineral dust content in order to estimate their impact on snow reflectance.

[12] Kuo C. et al Coherence established between atmospheric carbon dioxide and global temperature Nature 343, 709 — 714 (22 February 1990); doi: 10.1038 / 343709a0 this paper of Bell Labs uses telecom signal processing techniques of the two series CO2 content of the air and temperatures to prove that CO2 content is driven by the temperatures

He said that COP21 — the acronym for the meeting — «represents an important stage in the process of developing a new energy system which depends on a minimal use of fossil fuels, aims at energy efficiency and makes use of energy sources with little or no carbon content.»

The older than Mauna Loa results of CO2 contents used in the models adopted by IPCC are ice core proxy values of carbon dioxide content, which are incompatible with any one of directly measured values, already therefore that, even at their best, they are averages of some centuries.

Whereas the ice core proxy values of carbon dioxide content used by IPCC are incompatible with any one of direct measured values, because they are mean values of some centuries, even at their best.

In addition to reducing erosion, this practice retains water, raises soil carbon content, and greatly reduces energy use for tillage.

This practice provides dual benefits to the farmer: improved soils (due to higher carbon content) and reduced fuel use (since farm equipment such as tractors are not needed).

If you're putting organics out back, probably the best use for that is to put it in our landfills to help us create methane gas to create energy or to bring it to a wheelabrator plant to create energy, because that organic waste is going to have a carbon content that's going to help us create more energy.

Landfill methane was modeled using a forecast of municipal solid waste going to landfills of a dynamic fractionation: the degradable carbon content that would be anaerobically broken down was measured, and assumptions were made as to when and what portion of resultant methane could and would be captured and combusted for electricity generation.

• Rated by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or Programme for the Endorsement of ForestCertification (PEFC) schemes • Made from a sustainable source or material • Uses organic materials • Produced with chemical - free dyes • Recycled or upcycled — old items repaired with new paint and fittings • Low carbon footprint and road miles • Low VOCs (volatile organic compounds) • Low chemical content or solvent - free • Fairtrade • Energy saving • Hand made