But building a system to turn
any carbon into ethanol is one thing; finding a steady diet for such anomnivore is another.
Not exact matches
A gasoline provider could blend
ethanol into their fuel to make it less
carbon - intensive, for instance — something Canadian fuel providers already do.
Unlike other solid - to - liquid - fuel processes such as cornstarch
into ethanol, this one will accept almost any
carbon - based feedstock.
(Worse, use of
ethanol instead of gasoline does little to reduce net
carbon emissions once the energy - intensive full cycle of
ethanol production — including the energy - intensive fertilizer and transport needs — is taken
into account.)
By turning crops such as corn, sugarcane and palm oil
into biofuels — whether
ethanol, biodiesel, or something else — proponents hope to reap the benefits of the
carbon soaked up as the plants grow to offset the
carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted when the resulting fuel is burned.
Ethanol is such a small, simple molecule — just two
carbon atoms, six hydrogens, and a spare oxygen — that it pours directly out of the stomach and small intestine
into the bloodstream.
«Fueled with mostly
ethanol, these race cars burn more fuel cleanly and release mainly
carbon dioxide and water vapor
into the air,» said Mathur.
The corn and
ethanol industries already get federal help, before
carbon capture money from the Department of Energy comes
into play, he said.
The biofuel industry is built around the idea that turning plants
into ethanol creates a
carbon - neutral fuel cycle.
In a new twist to waste - to - fuel technology, scientists at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory [ORNL] have developed an electrochemical process that uses tiny spikes of
carbon and copper to turn
carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas,
into ethanol.
With the help of the nanotechnology - based catalyst which contains multiple reaction sites, the solution of
carbon dioxide dissolved in water turned
into ethanol with a yield of 63 percent.
The bacteria do their work first, after which the yeasts kick in to break down any remaining lactose
into ethanol and
carbon dioxide.
The company they've bought
into has a novel approach to producing
ethanol that could use virtually any
carbon source and would decouple that fuel from corn production, potentially making it possible for cities to produce their own transportation fuel using their own MSW, eliminating some of the need for landfilling and the associated long - tail methane and CO2 releases from same.
The key factors determining
carbon emissions for corn - based
ethanol are (1) whether coal or natural gas is used to power the
ethanol plant, (2) whether distillers grains are dried or sold wet, and (3) whether expansion of corn acreage comes mainly from reduced acreage of lower - value crops or if idled land is brought
into production.
Just been looking up the sources for commercial CO2 and here is a short exerpt from google: «The most common operations from which commercially - produced
carbon dioxide is recovered are industrial plants which produce hydrogen or ammonia from natural gas, coal, or other hydrocarbon feedstock, and large - volume fermentation operations in which plant products are made
into ethanol for human consumption, automotive fuel or industrial use.
Instead of harnessing the sun's energy to convert
carbon dioxide
into plant food, artificial photosynthesis seeks to use the same starting ingredients to produce chemical precursors commonly used in synthetic products as well as fuels like
ethanol.
One active project funded by the Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is attempting to take
carbon dioxide produced during
ethanol refining and inject it
into sandstone reservoirs in Illinois.
Ethanol's use as an oxygenate to control
carbon monoxide emissions, encouraged increased production of the fuel through the decade and
into the 1990s.»
Wayne Hoovestol, Chief Executive Officer said: «Algae is potentially a by - product of
ethanol that makes the process cleaner and greener through
carbon sequestration... Algae production fits
into Green Plains» business model since we are already in the business of marketing biofuel and feed products.»
Exciting new technologies are assisting with this transition: some convert fast growing grasses to
ethanol using biochemistry, some convert waste
into gases (a mix of hydrogen and
carbon monoxide called synthesis gas) that are then converted
into ethanol, and others use algae or other microorganisms to make fuel directly from water or sunlight.
Land Use Change Emissions Push Corn
Ethanol Past Baseline It's the inclusion of a penalty for these indirect land use changes into the overall carbon intensity of a particular fuel that has caused controversy: Corn ethanol is already above the baseline at 97 grams of carbon per megajoule, due to a 30 gram penalty assessed for land use c
Ethanol Past Baseline It's the inclusion of a penalty for these indirect land use changes
into the overall
carbon intensity of a particular fuel that has caused controversy: Corn
ethanol is already above the baseline at 97 grams of carbon per megajoule, due to a 30 gram penalty assessed for land use c
ethanol is already above the baseline at 97 grams of
carbon per megajoule, due to a 30 gram penalty assessed for land use changes.
However, two recent papers published in Science, including the one we discussed in our post, have pointed out that when you take
into account land use changes, the global warming pollution benefit of corn
ethanol is negligible or not a benefit at all but a negative (researcher Joseph Fargione's team found that most biofuels «create a «biofuel
carbon debt» by releasing 17 to 420 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions that these biofuels would provide by displacing fossil fuels.»)
But instead of leaving it there, you harvest the corn and convert it
into ethanol, an energy intensive process, and use the remaining
carbon in the
ethanol as a replacement for gasoline
carbon.