Sentences with phrase «caused by the aerosol»

In a paper published in Science in 1994, they concluded that the geographic pattern of the outbreak clearly showed that it was caused by an aerosol that had escaped from a facility known as Military Compound 19.

It is caused by aerosol particles, but scientists don't know all the details of the complex chemistry involved.

If there was such a thing, it was most likely not caused by aerosols.

# 27 and # 52, the temperature plateau caused by aerosols.

«Uncertainty in Climate Change Caused by Aerosols.»

The AR - 5 reduced its estimates for the value of negative forcing caused by aerosols.

There, he co-authored an article for Science arguing that the warming effect caused by rising amounts of carbon - dioxide in the atmosphere would be swamped by the cooling effect caused by aerosol pollution like dust and smoke.

This work eventually led to investigation of how planetary cooling might be caused by the aerosol particles arising from large - scale fires generated by a nuclear war.

Cooling from 1940 - 1975 is widely understood to have been caused by aerosols (ie pollution) from unregulated industry and transportation.

Not exact matches

«It is widely understood that aerosols have a net cooling effect on climate, counteracting the warming caused by greenhouse gases.

Simulating natural and humanmade climate drivers, scientists showed that the decline in rainfall is primarily a response to humanmade increases in greenhouse gases as well as a thinning of the ozone caused by humanmade aerosol emissions.

Professor Sybren said: «It can be excluded, however, that this hiatus period was solely caused by changes in atmospheric forcing, either due to volcanic eruptions, more aerosols emissions in Asia, or reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A / H5N1 virus can cause morbidity and mortality in humans but thus far has not acquired the ability to be transmitted by aerosol or respiratory droplet («airborne transmission») between humans.

The amount of warming caused by CO2 might have been masked over the years by accompanying aerosol emissions.

Human aerosol emissions are also offsetting a significant amount of the warming by causing global dimming.

Forcing caused by changes in the Sun's brightness, by dust in the atmosphere, or by volcanic aerosols can also be translated into radiative forcing.

Terrorists would most likely attack by spraying an aerosol containing plague bacteria, causing the pneumonic variety.

These layers are caused by seasonal changes in the source, transport, and deposition of aerosols.

The study shows how real - world conditions affect the chemistry induced by sulfate - containing aerosols caused by anthropogenic activities.

Analyses of the ground and aircraft data performed by Setyan et al. (2012), Shilling et al. (2013), and Kleinman et al. (2016) showed that organic aerosol production increased when human - caused emissions from Sacramento mixed with air rich in isoprene, an organic compound wafting from many plants that originate in the area's foothills.

Paraphrasing the text in the post, aerosols that are input into the atmosphere, due to their spatial heterogeneity, also cause regions of heating or cooling that the atmosphere can respond to by changing its circulation — and that might have further climate effects in places far away from where the aerosols are input.

Spikes in temperature are caused by major volcanic events, which push sulfur dioxide and other aerosols into the lower stratosphere.

The simulations confirm that aerosol injection does brighten clouds, but the amount of solar radiation reflected may not be enough to balance the global warming caused by burning fossil fuels.

The indirect aerosol effect on clouds is non-linear [1], [76] such that it has been suggested that even the modest aerosol amounts added by pre-industrial humans to an otherwise pristine atmosphere may have caused a significant climate forcing [59].

Aerosol spread (small droplets) is when the organisms which cause the disease are spread from the infected person via droplets in the air (caused by coughing, sneezing or during close conversation) and then inhaled by another person.

«A rapid cutback in greenhouse gas emissions could speed up global warming... because current global warming is offset by global dimming — the 2 - 3ºC of cooling cause by industrial pollution, known to scientists as aerosol particles, in the atmosphere.»

The global mean aerosol radiative forcing caused by the ship emissions ranges from -12.5 to -23 mW / m ^ 2, depending on whether the mixing between black carbon and sulfate is included in the model.

This is a peer reviewed paper by respected scientists who are saying that aerosol forcing means that the majority of the warming caused by existing co2 emission has effectively been masked thus far, and that as aerosols remain in the atmosphere for far shorter a duration of time than co2, we will have already most likely crossed the 2 degree threshold that the G8 politicians have been discussing this week once the cooling effect of aerosols dissipate.

I was thinking instead perhaps more easily controlled polar - orbit satellites might be used, which would rotate with some fixed ratio to their orbital period, casting greater shadows at higher latitudes... or some other arrangment... for a targetted offset polar amplification of AGW especially and in particular perhaps avoiding the reduction in precipitation that can be caused by SW - radiation - based «GE» (although aerosols that actually absorb some SW in the troposphere while shielding the surface would have the worst effect in that way, I'd think)... strategic distribution of solar shading has been suggested with precipitation effects in mind, such as here... sorry, I don't have the link (I'm sure I saved it, just as Steve Fish would suggest — but where?).

«In a scenario of zeroed CO2 and sulfate aerosol emissions, whether the warming induced by specified constant concentrations of non-CO2 greenhouse gases could slow the CO2 decline following zero emissions or even reverse this trend and cause CO2 to increase over time is assessed.

One suggestion that had been made some years ago — that the cooling may be caused by shading the sun by aerosol pollution — did not show up in the discussion on Saturday.

Thus, Victor the Troll, to contradict all that you wrote @ 221, «the dissipation of aerosols from any given eruption IS caused by a lack of volcanic activity,» and global temperatures CAN «rise above (the) level» «they would have been had the volcanoes not occurred» because the impact of previous volcanism would have also dissipated in the interval.

First of all, the dissipation of aerosols from any given eruption is NOT caused by «a lack of volcanic activity,» where did you get that?

CO % 3B2 I would expect that eruptions that cause more cooling, which slow the evaporation / rainfall cycle, would lengthen the time for the aerosol concentration to drop by 1 / e.

Could it have been caused by the dissipation of aerosols from some earlier volcanic eruption?

These are at the moment causing warming about the same as the dimming produced by sulphate aerosols.

... we strongly support Delworth and Knutson's (2000) contention that this high - latitude warming event represents primarily natural variability within the climate system, rather than being caused primarily by external forcings, whether solar forcing alone (Thejll and Lassen, 2000) or a combination of increasing solar irradiance, increasing anthropogenic trace gases, and decreasing volcanic aerosols.

Thus, the case for the cooling from 1940 to 1970 being caused by increased aerosols is not supported by the available measurements.

The Nature commentary by Penner et al. on which this argument is based actually says that on top of the global warming caused by carbon dioxide, other short - lived pollutants (such as methane and black carbon) cause an additional warming approximately 65 % as much as CO2, and other short - lived pollutants (such as aerosols) also cause some cooling.

This warming is offset by anthropogenic aerosols, reducing the total human caused warming to 1.6 Wm - 2.

These analyses indicate that it is likely that greenhouse gases alone would have caused more than the observed warming over the last 50 years of the 20th century, with some warming offset by cooling from natural and other anthropogenic factors, notably aerosols, which have a very short residence time in the atmosphere relative to that of well - mixed greenhouse gases (Schwartz, 1993).

If all of the cooling in the usa from 1950 to 1975 is caused by increasing aerosols (Schneider et al) then all of the warming since 1975 is caused by decreasing aerosols.

There are multilple causes cited in the post above volcanics, aerosols, solar (which by the way the recent minima was only unusual by its longevity not its amplitude) but we can leave Hansen 2011 to rebute your point 1

But the decrease in «aerosols» caused by All those spanking new scrubbers we installed from the 70s to 90s all over the world could have been the big contributors to the increase in temp in those decades.

These were intriguing, as well as highly speculative: first the possibility of deliberately using additional targeted aerosol injection to stimulate coagulation of the particles in the volcanic aerosol; mitigating its effects by causing the particles to drop out of the atmosphere more swiftly.

Changes in atmospheric composition from human activities are the main cause of anthropogenic climate change by enhancing the greenhouse effect, although with important regional effects from aerosol particulates (IPCC 2007).

Bauer, S.E., K. Tsigaridis, and R.L. Miller, 2016: Significant atmospheric aerosol pollution caused by world food cultivation.

Todays pet hypothesis is GW caused by greenhouse gasses I'm wondering what scientist would have found 40 years ago at the hight of the global cooling hypothesis linking both cooling events perhaps due too a large aerosol release.

We conclude that recent slowdown of ocean heat uptake was caused by a delayed rebound effect from Mount Pinatubo aerosols and a deep prolonged solar minimum.

When Gort first visited in 1951, it spent little effort on climate change issues, focusing on other aspects of our planet instead: Gort returned in 2012 to answer puny human climatologist questions about whether climate change caused particular weather phenomena by making an obvious point: rather than struggle with theoretical analysis, you can simply use your Climate Changeometer to remove all the excess greenhouse gases and aerosols above natural levels and then measure the outcome.