Due to this severity, the CDC has made tularemia a reportable disease, and like the pathogens
causing anthrax and plague, it is considered a bioweapon.
The antibiotic, Epimerox, targets weaknesses in bacteria that have long been exploited by viruses that attack them, known as phage, and has even been shown to protect animals from fatal infection by Bacillus anthracis, the bacteria that
causes anthrax.
While still far from being declared a true antibiotic drug, the compound teixobactin tested well in lab dishes against Clostridium difficile, a microbe high on doctors» most - wanted list, as well as against bacteria that
cause anthrax and tuberculosis.
B. subtilis is harmless to humans, but some dangerous bacteria like Bacillus anthracis, the organism that
causes anthrax, also form spores by a similar mechanism.
When envelopes containing the bacterial spores that
cause anthrax started arriving in media offices and on Capitol Hill in the fall of 2001, a new era in biological warfare began.
In 1917, German spy Baron Otto von Rosen was caught in Norway possessing lumps of sugar embedded with glass capillaries filled with a liquid holding spores of Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that
causes anthrax.
But today, the bacterium Bacillus anthracis that
causes the anthrax disease has become a weapon in bioterrorism.
Not exact matches
These individuals argued that a different organism, perhaps
anthrax or typhus, originally
caused the Black Death.
Ames is more likely than other strains of
anthrax to
cause disease in animals immunised with the standard US
anthrax vaccine, which is now being given to US troops.
The first, called bio-bar-code assays, relies on nanoparticles designed to attach themselves to specific disease -
causing proteins; these will vastly improve a doctor's ability to detect diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's in their early stages and to identify pathogens like
anthrax.
Overhyped microbes include
anthrax (famous for the U.S. mail attacks in 2000), the Ebola and Marburg viruses (which can
cause dramatic bleeding and high fever in their victims), and the prion agent of mad cow disease (otherwise known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE), which kills people by making their nervous systems degenerate.
Back in 2001, Leendertz and his colleagues thought the chimps had died of the familiar form of
anthrax,
caused by B. anthracis.
But a serendipitous discovery may someday give doctors a new countermeasure against the disease: Researchers report in tomorrow's Science that they have identified a possible mechanism of action for «lethal factor» (LF), a toxic protein produced by the
anthrax bacillus that is thought to be one of the principal
causes of death in infected individuals.
In the Department of Homeland Security's BioWatch program, mailbox - size machines gather air in major urban areas to be tested for DNA of smallpox,
anthrax, plague -
causing Yersina pestis, and other pathogens on a federal list.
In the fall of 2001, just weeks after the trauma of 11 September, letters laced with powdered
anthrax caused death and panic in the United States.
An outbreak of
anthrax which killed 68 people in the Russian town of Sverdlovsk in 1979 was almost certainly
caused by a release of the deadly bacteria from a military research laboratory, pathologists revealed this week.
In 1988, Matthew Meselson, a biochemist from Harvard and a prominent campaigner against biological weapons, arranged for Soviet officials to give a lecture tour in the US to present their explanation of how the
anthrax outbreak could have been
caused by contaminated meat.
The category would include
anthrax, Ebola, Variola major and Variola minor (the two viruses that
cause small pox), the Marburg virus, the virus that
causes foot and mouth disease, and bacterial strains that produce the botulinum neurotoxin.
The panel's report, released on 14 June, makes a host of recommendations aimed at reducing the so - called «insider threat» — the possibility that a rogue researcher might use select agents to
cause deliberate harm, as U.S. Army researcher Bruce Ivins allegedly did with
anthrax.
The novel bacteriophage could eventually open up new ways to detect, treat or decontaminate the
anthrax bacillus and its relatives that
cause food poisoning.
All types of
anthrax have the potential, if untreated, to spread throughout the body and
cause severe illness and even death.
It can also release long - buried microbes, as in a 2016 case when a cache of buried reindeer carcasses thawed and
caused an outbreak of
anthrax.
In addition, more than 2,300 reindeer have died in the outbreak, believed to have been
caused by a heat wave that melted permafrost, which in turn exposed the carcass of an
anthrax - infected reindeer to the 12 - year - old boy.