Sentences with phrase «causing genes in the cells»

Additional micro-patterning of the substrate changes the cytoskeleton in the cell and the shape of the nucleus, which cause the genes in the cell to change.

Not exact matches

Davies and Lineweaver suggest that genes active in embryogenesis and switched off later may be reactivated because of damage, causing the accelerated cell division of these rogue cancer cells.

Blakemore argues that a single gene mutation could in fact have been the cause of this increase - for in fact only one extra cell - division step would cause a doubling of brain size.

«If we could use gene editing to remove the sequences in an embryo that cause sickle cell disease or cystic fibrosis, I would say not only that we may do so, but in the case of such severe diseases, we have a moral obligation to do so.»

They discovered that in the young, more immune cells called monocytes were recruited to the lungs, and that the gene expression profiles of these cells had more inflammatory features, causing greater inflammation and more severe lung injury.

We wanted to understand what types of differences are always there, what is causing them, and what they mean,» says Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, a professor in Salk's Gene Expression Laboratory and co-senior author, with Kelly Frazer of the University of California, San Diego, on the new paper, which was published in Cell Stem Cell in April 2017.

In these and other inherited diseases, 10 to 15 percent of the single - base pair mutations that cause the disease create a misplaced, premature «stop» codon in the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to functioIn these and other inherited diseases, 10 to 15 percent of the single - base pair mutations that cause the disease create a misplaced, premature «stop» codon in the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to functioin the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to function.

A team of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine has used a gene - editing tool known as CRISPR to repair the gene that causes sickle cell disease in human stem cells, which they say is a key step toward developing a gene therapy for the disorder.

In humans, Huntington's is an inherited disease caused by a gene encoding a toxic protein, called mutant huntingtin, which causes brain cells to die.

The researchers used the dead guide RNAs to turn on the Pdx gene in the mice's livers, which caused the liver cells to produce insulin, reversing the mice's diabetes.

People with the transthyretin amyloidosis have mutations in the DNA of the transthyretin gene, which causes abnormal buildup and deposits of a transport protein called transthyretin in nerve and heart cells.

Since patients (and mice) with Usher 1c also have balance problems caused by hair - cell damage in the vestibular organs, the researchers also tested whether gene therapy restored balance.

In experiments on cell cultures, both of these inhibitors succeeded in breaking various forms of the TKI resistance: including forms caused by additional mutations of the gene Bcr - Abl as well as those caused by large quantities of the protein GabIn experiments on cell cultures, both of these inhibitors succeeded in breaking various forms of the TKI resistance: including forms caused by additional mutations of the gene Bcr - Abl as well as those caused by large quantities of the protein Gabin breaking various forms of the TKI resistance: including forms caused by additional mutations of the gene Bcr - Abl as well as those caused by large quantities of the protein Gab2.

Harvard Medical School researcher Melina Claussnitzer and her team found that a single variation in the FTO gene caused fat cells that would normally become healthier beige to turn into white fat cells instead.

Scientists have known for 20 years that SMN is necessary in every cell of the body, since disrupting the gene in a mouse causes early embryonic death, before muscle or nerve cells form.

Vogelstein, Kenneth Kinzler, and other colleagues found a minor change in the APC gene, which normally holds cell growth in check and can cause colon cancers when mutated.

In another landmark success, scientists in Italy and the United States cured «bubble» babies who have a malfunctioning gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which causes a buildup of toxic products that destroy immune cellIn another landmark success, scientists in Italy and the United States cured «bubble» babies who have a malfunctioning gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which causes a buildup of toxic products that destroy immune cellin Italy and the United States cured «bubble» babies who have a malfunctioning gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which causes a buildup of toxic products that destroy immune cells.

In test tubes, this gene caused the cells to produce extra amounts of a chaperone molecule that ordinarily helps a cell recognize misfolded proteins.

But in the 1 September issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, cardiologist Michael Parmacek and his colleagues at the University of Chicago describe how they deleted two genes from the common cold virus to make it unable to cause any sniffling or fever, then replaced them with a marker gene that turns out an easily detected protein and the SM22 promoter, which turns on expression of genes in smooth muscle cells that surround arteries.

But researchers have found a mutation in a mouse gene that leads to an arthritis - like condition because it causes the joint's cartilage cells to pump insufficient amounts of pyrophosphate — a natural water softener — into the joint cleft.

This question has been challenging to address experimentally because attempts to restore function to lost or mutated genes in cancer cells often trigger excess gene activity, causing other problems in normal cells.

Mutations in at least 60 genes are known to cause the disease, and many people are not diagnosed until after a a substantial proportion of photoreceptor cells, the eye's rods and cones, have already degenerated and died.

Sickle cell disease is a recessive genetic disorder caused by a single mutation in both copies of a gene coding for beta - globin, a protein that forms part of the oxygen - carrying molecule hemoglobin.

The researchers found that the blond hair commonly seen in Northern Europeans is caused by a single change in the DNA that regulates the expression of a gene that encodes a protein called KITLG, also known as stem cell factor.

But at the time, they thought it might take years to pinpoint the precise position of the gene, sequence it, and understand how it causes mutations to accumulate in tumour cells (This Week, 15 May).

In sickle cell disease, a mutation in the beta - globin gene causes hemoglobin to polymerize under low - oxygen conditions in body tissues, deforming red blood cellIn sickle cell disease, a mutation in the beta - globin gene causes hemoglobin to polymerize under low - oxygen conditions in body tissues, deforming red blood cellin the beta - globin gene causes hemoglobin to polymerize under low - oxygen conditions in body tissues, deforming red blood cellin body tissues, deforming red blood cells.

In a report that appears in PLOS BIOLOGY, Dr. Hugo Bellen and his colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine and the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital and BCM, and Dr. Chao Tong, at the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, find that mutations of human homologs (genes that carry out similar functions) of cacophony and its partner straightjacket (Cacna1a and Cacna2d2 respectively) cause defects in autophagy in neuronIn a report that appears in PLOS BIOLOGY, Dr. Hugo Bellen and his colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine and the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital and BCM, and Dr. Chao Tong, at the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, find that mutations of human homologs (genes that carry out similar functions) of cacophony and its partner straightjacket (Cacna1a and Cacna2d2 respectively) cause defects in autophagy in neuronin PLOS BIOLOGY, Dr. Hugo Bellen and his colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine and the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital and BCM, and Dr. Chao Tong, at the Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, find that mutations of human homologs (genes that carry out similar functions) of cacophony and its partner straightjacket (Cacna1a and Cacna2d2 respectively) cause defects in autophagy in neuronin Hangzhou, China, find that mutations of human homologs (genes that carry out similar functions) of cacophony and its partner straightjacket (Cacna1a and Cacna2d2 respectively) cause defects in autophagy in neuronin autophagy in neuronin neurons.

The researchers conducted genetic tests and found that many of the tumor cells had a mutation in a gene called PPM1D, which causes cells to proliferate and avoid natural death.

Klingelhutz and his team immortalized immature precursor fat cells by adding in two genes from HPV (the virus that causes cervical cancer) along with a gene for part of an enzyme that controls the length of cells» telomeres — the pieces of DNA that protect chromosome tips from deterioration.

In a study of mice, they found that they could correct the mutated gene that causes a rare liver disorder, in 6 percent of liver cells — enough to cure the mice of the disease, known as tyrosinemiIn a study of mice, they found that they could correct the mutated gene that causes a rare liver disorder, in 6 percent of liver cells — enough to cure the mice of the disease, known as tyrosinemiin 6 percent of liver cells — enough to cure the mice of the disease, known as tyrosinemia.

The aberrant and ongoing activation of ERVs caused an accumulation of retroviral proteins in the affected cells and deregulation of genes and pathways.

«This is the first study to show the actual cell behaviors caused by mutations in genes causally linked to polycystic kidney disease, an important new step in the path towards treatment,» said Dr. Robert L. Bacallao, associate professor of medicine at the IU School of Medicine in Indianapolis.

The body relies on cells to process and store energy, and changes in genes that regulate these functions can cause an imbalance that leads to excessive energy storage and weight gain.

Researchers believe they have learned how mutations in the gene that causes Huntington's disease kill brain cells, a finding that could open new opportunities for treating the fatal disorder.

Other plans include using CRISPR to reverse blood disorders, such as sickle cell anemia and beta thalassemia, caused by mutations in the hemoglobin gene.

All of the diseases, which cause the death of brain cells involved in controlling body movements, have recently been traced to specific genes.

Previously, cancer researchers surmised that since chromosomal ends get swapped in ALT, mutation of genes that restrain DNA exchange, a process scientists call recombination, might actually cause the condition (or, to extend the ping - pong metaphor, make cells lose paddle control).

But stem cell biologist and physician Michele De Luca of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy and his colleagues have been developing a way to counteract an EB - causing mutation by inserting a new gene into the cells used for grafts.

Other researchers have long been concerned that using a retrovirus to insert genes at random points in cells» genomes might cause cancer.

A fault in the CHM gene causes choroideremia, in which cells in the retina stop working and slowly die, leading to blindness.

By activating the Ret receptor, the scientists were able to prevent in flies and human cell cultures the degeneration of mitochondria, which is caused by a gene defect related to Parkinson's disease.

SMA is caused by a mutation in a gene that is vital for the survival of nerve cells that connect the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, known as motor neurons.

«You don't want to just turn down methylation globally, which would result in over-activation of all genes in the cell, but demethylating some of these gene promoter regions selectively could revive an immune system muted by cancer - causing viruses,» Kuss - Duerkop says.

The transposon inserts itself almost randomly into the host cell's chromosomes, and thus, it could land in the middle of a desirable gene and cause a harmful mutation.

Myc is a cancer - causing gene responsible for disrupting the normal 24 - hour internal rhythm and metabolic pathways in cancer cells, found a team led by researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

A single spelling error in this gene causes the loss of the inner ear's hair cells over time.

In this case, the gene variation has dramatic effects on the fat cells on women's abdomens and hips, causing the cells to become larger but fewer.

Similarly, carriers in the Jackson study of one copy of the genes that cause sickle - cell disease — a useful trait against malaria in Africa — appear to be more at risk for kidney disease.

In this study, by using a systemic mtEF4 gene knockout mouse model, researchers found that mtEF4 knockout damages the oxidative phosphorylation function in germ cells of male mice, thus causing male sterilitIn this study, by using a systemic mtEF4 gene knockout mouse model, researchers found that mtEF4 knockout damages the oxidative phosphorylation function in germ cells of male mice, thus causing male sterilitin germ cells of male mice, thus causing male sterility.

Mutations in mitochondrial genes often cause neurological conditions because nerve cells need high levels of energy for their function.