Sentences with phrase «cell changes measured»

For Ullrich and Thiel, the direct evidence of a rapid and complete adaptation to zero gravity in less than a minute begs the question as to whether previous cell changes measured after hours or days were also the result of an adaptation process.

Not exact matches

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

Also there is evidence of molecular mechanisms in the cell membranes that can amplify small changes in the field to produce large changes in neural activity.13 On the other hand, earlier tests of Kohler's theory found that interference with electrical gradients over the cortex had no effect on behavioral measures (see note 11 for reference to these studies).

The change in load cell output occurring with time, while under load, and with all environmental conditions and other variables remaining constant; usually measured with Rated Load applied and expressed as a percent of Rated Output over a specific period of time.

By measuring how the light has changed once it emerges through the other side of the slide, the researchers can detect and monitor processes occurring on the sensor surface, such as cell division.

The detector developed at UNH, known as DoSEN, short for Dose Spectra from Energetic Particles and Neutrons, measures and calculates the absorbed dose in matter and tissue resulting from the exposure to indirect and direct ionizing radiation, which can change cells at the atomic level and lead to irreparable damage.

It has been particularly difficult to measure changes in electrical functions of cells grown within Organ Chips that are normally electrically active, such as neuronal cells in the brain or beating heart cells, both during their differentiation and in response to drugs.

Since many human diseases can be explained by perturbations of molecular interactions within cells, interactomes will drastically change how we think about human health, and how we set about designing drugs and preventive measures to counter illness.

Another component senses changes in the electrical current flowing through the generated sweat, which measures alcohol levels and sends them to the user's cell phone.»

The researchers then measured cell composition and electrical activity again and found that the cells dramatically changed when they were in contact with neurons from different regions.

Measuring changes in a voltage bias applied to the saline reveals how close the capillary tube is to the cell, allowing researchers to scan subtle structures on the cell surface without disrupting them.

By measuring changes in the levels of proteins that control each cell death program and by observing the cells» physical changes, the team saw clearly that cocaine causes neuronal cell death through out - of - control autophagy.

Using in vitro, or test tube, experiments, the researchers applied these chemicals to human cancer cells to measure changes of estrogen receptor - and androgen receptor - target genes and transcriptional activity.

Neural signals are transmitted within neurons by changing calcium concentrations, so the researchers used this technique to measure the amount of calcium contained within the Purkinje cells in real time.

The nerve cell's activity was measured via concentration of calcium ion in the cell, and the team analyzed the changes in calcium concentration using a mathematical model.

Such measurements could be used to sort different types of cells — to distinguish cancerous cells from healthy ones, for example — or to measure how cells change when exposed to drugs.

Cell - based biosensors measure changes in cell cultures via electrical signCell - based biosensors measure changes in cell cultures via electrical signcell cultures via electrical signals.

In this way, the effect of vaccines or drugs (for example) can be tested: the more effective the active ingredient is, the smaller the number of cells that are destroyed by the viruses and the lower the measured resistance change will be.

After measuring millivolt changes in 58 brain cells in frogs in response to sound, the researchers used a mathematical model to convert the information into how much a brain cell was excited or inhibited by a given sound pulse.

The method made it possible «to record or measure millivolt — thousandths of a volt — changes in the cell,» Rose says.

Using zymonic acid it is furthermore possible to specifically investigate the pH value outside of the cell membrane: With other biosensors it is often not clear whether measured changes take place inside or outside of the cell (intracellular or extracellular).

Consequently, despite the extensive and highly successful efforts of many researchers to develop infection models in Drosophila, the outcomes of infection are often measured by end - points such as insect death (survival of a cohort of insects over time) or changes in cell morphology at fixed periods throughout infection (often monitored by staining different elements of the cytoskeleton).

The measured levels of LDH in this study were well within the normal range found in rabbits, and no changes in cell appearance or organ health were associated with the changes.

Measuring these critical cell changes is fundamental to this project and to accomplish this, the team is developing state - of - the - art imaging equipment to non-invasively measure the structural and biological changes in the nerve cells of the eye due to glaucoma.

This way scientists can measure changes in the brain cells more accurately, she says.

The critical secondary endpoint of the change in retinal ganglion cell macular volume measured from baseline to week 48 demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0189) between all GS010 - treated eyes and all sham - treated eyes, with untreated eyes losing 0.038 cubic mm of macular ganglion cell volume while treated eyes preserved their ganglion cell volume -LRB--0.003 cubic mm).

To determine whether huntingtin is involved in trafficking a specific subset of proteins, we measured changes in global transcription levels in embryonic stem cells and neurons lacking huntingtin.

Here we investigate age - related mean and variance changes in gene expression measured by RNA - seq of fat, skin, whole blood and derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) expression from 855 adult female twins.

Interestingly, even though the volunteers in body wrap studies thought their appearance had changed, no statistical measure could find any differences in fat cell depth or girth, or reductions in cellulite whatsoever.

MRT uses a patented combination of flow cytometry and proprietary impedance technology to measure subtle volumetric changes in white blood cell populations simultaneously.

Because of the vast array of potential mediators and reacting cells, measuring volumetric changes in all circulating white cells after antigen challenge is the most logical, direct, comprehensive and functional measure of food sensitivity reactions.

It measures the inflammatory response and subtle changes in our immune cells (lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils) as they release chemical mediators (a substance released from cells, e.g., cytokines, histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, etc.), that regulate or cause physiologic consequences during an immune response to an antigen.

Year 4 Science Assessments Objectives covered: Recognise that living things can be grouped in a variety of ways Explore and use classification keys to help group, identify and name a variety of living things in their local and wider environment Recognise that environments can change and that this can sometimes pose dangers to living things Describe the simple functions of the basic parts of the digestive system in humans Identify the different types of teeth in humans and their simple functions Construct and interpret a variety of food chains, identifying producers, predators and prey Compare and group materials together, according to whether they are solids, liquids or gases Observe that some materials change state when they are heated or cooled, and measure or research the temperature at which this happens in degrees Celsius (°C) Identify the part played by evaporation and condensation in the water cycle and associate the rate of evaporation with temperature Identify how sounds are made, associating some of them with something vibrating Recognise that vibrations from sounds travel through a medium to the ear Find patterns between the pitch of a sound and features of the object that produced it Find patterns between the volume of a sound and the strength of the vibrations that produced it Recognise that sounds get fainter as the distance from the sound source increases Identify common appliances that run on electricity Construct a simple series electrical circuit, identifying and naming its basic parts, including cells, wires, bulbs, switches and buzzers Identify whether or not a lamp will light in a simple series circuit, based on whether or not the lamp is part of a complete loop with a battery Recognise that a switch opens and closes a circuit and associate this with whether or not a lamp lights in a simple series circuit Recognise some common conductors and insulators, and associate metals with being good conductors

Any changes in electrolyte levels and general blood cell health will be measured as well.

I can assure you that so far as my own experiences have shown me, and some of my instrumentation has been part of everything from measuring re-entry temperatures on the Space Shuttle to research studying the effects of small temperature changes on types of brain cells, that I've rarely found anything that made me question the theories I was taught.