Using spatial correlation functions to quantify the differences between emergent cell lineage segregation patterns, we find that strong adhesion often, but not always, maximizes the size of clonal
cell clusters on flat surfaces.
Kass developed the midstream urine test (still used when you pee in a cup) and set a numerical cutoff for the number of bacteria in normal urine: not more than 100,000 colony - forming units (
cell clusters on a culture dish) per milliliter of urine.
Not exact matches
And with 7billion
on the planet (and growing), these «young people missing millions from their generation» should be thankful that
clusters of
cells can be medically removed, preventing unwanted births and (perhaps) even saving the human population from growing to a point of unsustainability.
While you are making adjustments for your changing shape, there are a lot of changes going
on inside your womb as your baby, who was just a
cluster of
cells a couple of months ago, has organs, nerves, muscles and is looking more like a little person.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)- dependent protein kinase, labeled with fluorescein and rhodamine
on the catalytic and regulatory subunits, respectively, was injected into Aplysia sensory neurons either in culture or in intact
cell clusters.
Now, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have shown, in mice, that the virus infects a rare type of intestinal
cell called a tuft
cell, so named because each
cell sports a
cluster of hairlike extensions
on its surface.
For one, melanoma
cells are
on the go immediately and at all times; they appear to both divide into more
cells and rush to join
clusters simultaneously.
«Because 85 percent of people in the study reported extending the antenna during calls, we might have expected to find a disproportionate
cluster of tumors behind the eye and the ear
on the side the
cell phone was used since radiation emission is highest at the antenna,» says co-author Mark Malkin, a neuro - oncologist at Memorial Sloan - Kettering Cancer Center.
«We found that the genes for both antibiotic synthesis and self protection in Strain 115 are conveniently
clustered on a compact DNA molecule [a plasmid] that replicates itself as a small circle within the
cells of Strain 115,» says Griffitts.
This little
cluster goes
on to form the tens of thousands of eggs that female mice have at birth, and the millions of sperm
cells that males produce every day, and it will pass
on the mouse's entire genetic heritage.
Switching Apc
on again made the frenzied
cells morph back into healthy gut tissue, which contains intestinal
cells (below, green) and
clusters of stem
cells (below
When chemical phosphate groups are added to the receptors, they move from the cytoplasm and
cluster on the edges of nerve
cells along synapses — the spaces between nerve
cells where messages transmit from one
cell to another.
But according to Michael McKeown, a developmental geneticist at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, fru's presence in nine small
clusters of fly nerve
cells — including several previously mapped by Hall as «courtship centers» — may begin to give researchers «a handle
on how the neural circuits that generate complex behaviors are put together.»
Taste
cells are located in
clusters called taste buds, which in turn are found in papillae, the raised bumps visible
on the tongue's surface.
Prabhakar and colleagues from the University of Chicago, the Illinois Institute of Technology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston), and Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore), focused
on the carotid bodies, a tiny
cluster of
cells embedded in the left and right carotid arteries, which pass through the neck.
Gorfe's computer simulations showed Ras proteins
cluster together, or form aggregates,
on the
cell membrane.
Prof. Kathleen Cullen and her PhD student Jess Brooks of the Dept of Physiology have been able to identify a distinct and surprisingly small
cluster of
cells deep within the brain that react within milliseconds to readjust our movements when something unexpected happens, whether it is slipping
on ice or hitting a rock when skiing.
Although the KIPAC scientists ran their tests
on the Sherlock high - performance computing
cluster at the Stanford Research Computing Center, they could have done their computations
on a laptop or even
on a
cell phone, they said.
The adjacent
cluster of retinal receptors
on the right side of the receptive field also sends a signal to the same
cell if stimulated — but, again, the signal is too weak
on its own.
Previous studies into Friedreich's ataxia have investigated the direct effect of frataxin deficiency
on mitochondrial enzymes that contain iron - sulphur
clusters, but with a focus
on nerve
cell mitochondrial defects once symptoms had already been detected and the disease diagnosed.
Using an unsupervised learning algorithm, the team was able to convert the T -
cell receptor sequencing data into numeric distances based
on similarities in the receptor sequences and
cluster them by functional specificity.
Bhaduri then used statistical algorithms to
cluster different
cells based
on their patterns of gene expression.
LEDs have been used widely for decades in other applications — forming the numbers
on digital clocks, lighting up watches and
cell phones and, when used in
clusters, illuminating traffic lights and forming the images
on large outdoor television screens.
Mice track the position of walls, for instance, by relying
on many distinct
clusters of nerve
cells, groups called barrels.
They tagged a dozen genes that turn
on when the bacteria grow inside
clusters of immune
cells in the frog, the same spot where TB hides in humans.
Recent studies
on species such as zebrafish showed scales and teeth developing from distinctly different
clusters of
cells in fish embryos, pouring cold water
on «teeth from scales» theories.
On a cancer
cell, long glycopolymers result in an expanded membrane - extracellular matrix gap,
clustering of integrins and membrane bending.
The wiring diagrams look like colorful threads
on a tapestry, and they're clear enough to show which
cell clusters control specific behaviors.
Using variations
on their computer model, «we have already computed the shape of red blood
cells, soap bubble
clusters and the evolution of polycrystalline materials,» he says.
This activates MuSK, an enzyme that supports the
clustering of receptors
on the muscle
cell surface that will enable communication.
g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. (1930 ---RRB- Garuda gas gas chromatography gas constant gas giant gas laws gas - bounded nebula gaseous nebula gaseous propellant gaseous - propellant rocket engine gasoline Gaspra (minor planet 951) Gassendi, Pierre (1592 — 1655) gastric juice gastrin gastrocnemius gastroenteritis gastrointestinal tract gastropod gastrulation Gatewood, George D. (1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ
cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow -
On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial
cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular
cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula
cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet
cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules
Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula
Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)
The tendency of
cells to adhere to one another and form large
clusters is likely to fall under selection based
on the size of resource patches in a given environment.
Most of the scientific focus to date has been
on trained
on the blastema, a remarkable
cluster of
cells that forms at the base of an amputated limb or damaged tissue and is the modus operandi for regeneration.
Formation of supramolecular activation
clusters on fresh ex vivo CD8 + T
cells after engagement of the T
cell antigen receptor and CD8 by antigen - presenting
cells.
Within this elementary biological structure, three types of
cells begin to
cluster and develop: the embryonic stem
cells (which eventually become the body of the embryo), and two extra-embryonic types of
cells - the trophoblast stem
cells (which develop into the placenta) and the endoderm stem
cells (which go
on to form the yolk sac).
Current techniques used to investigate the effects of extracellular matrix ligand presentation
on cell functions work by independently manipulating variables like ligand density,
clustering and spacing [3 — 5].
Another interesting local network structure is centered around CLU, a gene shown to be involved in AD based
on genome - wide association studies, with genes in the integrin family, involved in
cell adhesion,
clustered around CLU.
According to recent research, the most common solid tumors (that is, cancer that occurs as
clusters of
cells in or
on organs, rather than in liquid form within the blood or lymphatic system) have up to 66 mutations that influence how the cancer
cells operate — how fast they divide, whether they are susceptible to the signals that would normally cause a
cell to die, when they detach from the main tumor to colonize another organ in the body, when and where they attach blood vessels to healthy tissues.
Our group has 3 major goals: Develop novel therapeutic approaches based
on centrosomal
clustering To further develop our first prototype inhibitors of centrosomal
clustering preclinically and to establish a robust and specific high throughput small molecule screen Discover key events in myeloma pathogenesis To investigate the pivotal transition from the pre-malignant, asymptomatic to malignant, symptomatic stages of plasma
cell dyscrasias in order to understand the pathophysiology and thereby identify novel targets Translate small molecule therapeutics from bench to clinical trials To evaluate novel agents in the preclinical setting and to initiate early phase clinical trials in hematologic malignancies with focus
on multiple myeloma
Hence, its members favor primary
cell lines and try to avoid experiments with cultured
cell lines, they favor three - dimensional
cell cultures over two - dimensional
cell monolayers that are cultivated
on hard and flat surfaces and they try to maintain the three - dimensional context of plants,
cell clusters, tissues sections and small animal embryos.
The human T
cell receptor beta (TRB, previously known as TCRB) gene locus
on chromosome 7 (7q34) includes 65 Vb (variable) gene segments, followed by two separate
clusters of genes each containing a Db (diversity) gene, several Jb (joining) genes, and a Cb (constant) region spread over 685 kilobases.
While such a
cluster of personalized
cells is not a perfect replica of the organ that exists in that person's body, it can be experimented
on and used to gauge the effectiveness of potential therapies, providing a powerful new tool to help researchers understand how diseases develop and how to treat them.
Binding to ephrin ligands
on the surface of neighboring
cells induces canonical signaling involving receptor
clustering, autophosphorylation
on tyrosine residues, and kinase activity - dependent downstream signaling.
Confocal fluorescent, confocal scattering images of prostate cancer C4 - 2B (A, B) and stromal HS - 5 (D, E)
cells: (A, D)- confocal fluorescent images of AlexaFluor488 conjugated to PSMA antibody, (B, E)- confocal scattering images of gold NPs
clusters (shown in red
on the green fluorescent background that shows
cell tracker dye) and (C, F) the corresponding profiles of scattering signal amplitudes by gold NPs
clusters in
cells.
The set of possible analyses include: 1) comparison of
cell populations for the identification of differentially expressed genes; 2) dimensionality reduction for the identification of relevant coordinates; and 3)
clustering of subpopulations
on the base of gene expression profiles.
These include: a) Global
Clusters that consist of a small, tight subset of genes that are co-expressed under the entire spectrum of experimental conditions; b) Time Series of gene expression profiles during successive days of standard ES cell differentiation; c) Specific Gene Classes based on hierarchical clustering of transcriptional factors and ESTs; d) Expression Waves of genes with characteristic expression profiles during ES cell differentiation, juxtaposed to waves of genes that behave in the exact opposite way; e) Pathway Animations that illustrate dynamic changes in the components of individual KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways viewed in time - related manner; and, f) Search Engines to display the expression pattern of any transcript, or groups of transcripts, during the course of ES cell differentiation, or to query the association of candidate genes with various FunGenES database c
Clusters that consist of a small, tight subset of genes that are co-expressed under the entire spectrum of experimental conditions; b) Time Series of gene expression profiles during successive days of standard ES
cell differentiation; c) Specific Gene Classes based
on hierarchical
clustering of transcriptional factors and ESTs; d) Expression Waves of genes with characteristic expression profiles during ES
cell differentiation, juxtaposed to waves of genes that behave in the exact opposite way; e) Pathway Animations that illustrate dynamic changes in the components of individual KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways viewed in time - related manner; and, f) Search Engines to display the expression pattern of any transcript, or groups of transcripts, during the course of ES
cell differentiation, or to query the association of candidate genes with various FunGenES database
clustersclusters.
We focus
on approaches for identifying biologically important genes, projecting data into lower dimensions and
clustering data into putative
cell - populations.
The functional annotations of all the
clusters with ≥ 10 transcripts, which were obtained using the
on GO classification categories of the g: Profiler tool for all the genes in each
cluster, are shown in Table 2 (for downregulated genes during ES
cell differentiation) and Table 3 (for upregulated genes).
The dead skin
cells might
cluster up or stay as inconsistent layers
on the surface of the skin.
- Improved support for Motorola Moto G Dual SIM: — QS: adjusted network mode tile (allows changing SIM slot
on long - press)-- QS: adjusted handling and reordering of cellular tiles — QS: proper adjustment of signal tile size for tiles per row option — Signal
cluster adjustments, including icon coloring (NOTE:
cell signal doesn't support data activity indicators)-- fixed Smart radio — all other misc Multi SIM related adjustments - Quick settings: — revived Ringer Mode Tile (silent == priority)(thanks to romracer)-- revived USB Tethering Tile — fixed other misc issues in tile management (thanks to romracer)- BatteryBar: improved behavior in lock screen status bar (now allows bottom position)- ProgressBar: improved behavior in lock screen status bar (now allows bottom position)- Phone: — added workaround for missed calls notification LED — added 5s ramp - up duration for ascending ringtone - Ultimate notification control: — fixed issues causing unexpected heads up and notification icon «jumping» — show package names in app descriptions for better identification of packages having the same app name - Power: improved option for low battery warning policy - Navigation bar: improved handling of cursor control keys - Recents: added option for using alternate icon for clear all button - Fixed unexpected disappearing of centered clock and centered traffic monitor - Other misc Motorola specific fixes (thanks to romracer)- Updated Japanese translations (thanks to WedyDQ10)- Updated French translations (thanks to ch - vox)- Updated Hungarian translations (thanks to benjoe1)- Updated Chinese (Simplified) translations (thanks to liveasx)- Updated Portuguese (BR) translations (thanks to wyghor, KingKaminari)- Updated Russian translations (thanks to gaich)- Updated Chinese (Traditional) translations (thanks to PeterDaveHello)- Updated Malay translations (thanks to zamzameir)