Sentences with phrase «cell connections which»

Not exact matches

What I did learn from FEMA is FM radio receivers, which don't need an internet connection, are already embedded in most cell phones and still work when cell service is out.

In this connection he considered the possibility that the living occasions in the cell might constitute a single personally ordered society rather than a nonsocial nexus.21 That would mean that at any moment there would be a single living cellular occasion internally related to the world rather than a great multiplicity of minuscule occasions to which severally the internal relations of the cell must be attributed.

Your baby's brain cells make important connections during sleep, which help with learning, movement, and thought.

Glia - making cells from people with schizophrenia also mostly failed to turned into astrocytes, which help neurons connect and determine when those connections, or synapses, fire.

About five years ago, a team of Stanford University scientists set out to determine how the developing brain establishes its final set of synapses, connections through which cells of the nervous system communicate with one another and with nonneural cells.

The physical connection between mother and fetus is provided by the placenta, an organ, built of cells from both the mother and fetus, which serves as a conduit for the exchange of nutrients, gasses, and wastes.

Austad recalls one conversation in which Muller made an insightful connection about telomeres, the DNA - and - protein caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with every cell division, eventually pushing cells into a nondividing state called senescence.

Last month, researchers led by Beth Stevens of Boston Children's Hospital reported that a process in which microglia prune excess synapses in the brain during early life can turn on inappropriately later on, possibly triggering Alzheimer's or other disorders marked by damage to connections between brain cells.

That three - or - so - pound lump of soft tissue, housed within the cranium, has about 100 billion nerve cells or neurons (roughly equal to the number of stars in our galaxy), which form trillions of connections with each other, giving rise to millions of operations going on simultaneously.

Using fluorescent antibodies designed specifically to light up the receptor in mice, the investigators observed it on vagus nerves, which serve as a main biochemical connection between airway cells and the brain.

The scientists, in collaboration with IBM, are launching the effort by building a computer model of the neocortical column of a rat, a single circuit of about 10,000 cells, each of which is capable of thousands of connections.

The research effort he directs focuses on entirely new compounds that might slow the loss of brain cell connections, which may play a role in schizophrenia biology.

«If they are improperly positioned, they will form the wrong connections, which can lead to signals being sent to the wrong target cells in the brain.»

The results show that the transplanted stem cells act as a «bridge» which allows injured sensory nerve fibers to grow into the spinal cord, rebuild functional nerve connections, and thereby achieve long term restoration of major parts of the lost sensory functions.

«The Isl1 gene further preserved the connections between hair cells and neurons, which is necessary for hearing,» said senior author Zheng - Yi Chen, D.Phil., Mass..

But in the case of synapses, which are the connections between brain cells, too many or too few can both disrupt brain function.

North Carolina State University researchers have come up with a new technique for improving the connections between stacked solar cells, which should improve the overall efficiency of solar energy devices and reduce the cost of solar energy production.

Oligodendrocytes, the cells that are known to produce the myelin sheaths which enable saltatory conduction of action potentials along the myelinated axons, are modulators of signal transmission along neuronal connections (axons) and also promote neuronal survival by providing metabolic support.

Kenyon cells make up only about 4 % of the entire fly brain and are extremely sensitive to inputs triggered by odors, in which only two connections between neurons, called synapses, separate them from the receptor cells at the «front end» of the olfactory system.

The data is sent via the driver's cell phone connection, which means it will be able to leverage 4G whenever the driver's cell phone provider upgrades to that generation, says Doug VanDagens, Ford's director of connected services.

Colin Barras described a connection between unicellular animals and cancer cells, which suggests that cancers may lie at the origin...

She hopes to pinpoint which genes are expressed in each cell type when brain cells make long distance connections, and to make similar maps in other primates to chart what changed as brains rewired over the course of evolution.

Further tests suggested that epithelial cell progenitors helped by restoring the connection between cells called myoepithelial contractile cells and the lacrimal gland's secretory cells, which produce tears.

The active periods might be providing brief windows during which nerve cells can easily connect to other cells, and the slower, more relaxed periods might allow the brain to then cement those new connections in place.

Researchers from Hiroki Taniguchi's lab at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) published a study in eNeuro in May 2017 showing for the first time that a unique type of inhibitory interneuron called chandelier cells — which are implicated in several diseases affecting the brain such as schizophrenia and epilepsy — seem to develop their connections differently than other types of neurons.

«This study suggests that amyloid deposition in the gray matter affects the associated white matter connections, which are essential for conducting messages across the billions of nerve cells in the brain, allowing for all aspects of mental function.»

New research in mice reveals that during sleep the connections between brain cells, which hold information learned throughout the day, undergo massive shrinkage.

The substance, which naturally supports brain cells throughout life, also amplified the numbers of connections, or synapses, between neurons.

First the oocyte constructs the scaffolding of connections known as microtubules, which allow molecules to move around inside the cell.

The team singled out the gene Mecp2, which encodes a protein that regulates the expression of genes that help forge connections between nerve cells.

«Many genes that had changed their genetic expression also changed their degree of methylation during the development to mature muscle cells, which indicates a connection,» she says.

The UMass Amherst teams knew from previous studies that Geobacter grow electrically conductive filaments known as microbial nanowires, which can transport electrons outside the cell to make electrical connections with minerals, electrodes or other cells.

«After a year of sound deprivation, we observed dramatic changes in the inner ear — notably, a significant loss of the synaptic connections through which the sensory cells send their electrical signals to the brain,» Dr. Maison said.

THE HUMAN brain contains 100 billion neurons, each of which makes a thousand or more connections with other target cells.

Building on their previous work that identified and activated memory cells, a group led by RIKEN Brain Science Institute and RIKEN - MIT Center Director Susumu Tonegawa has now shown that spines — small knobs on brain - cell dendrites through which synaptic connections are formed — are essential for memory retrieval in these AD mice.

To regain function, connections from the brain to the spinal cord must regrow, different types of immune cells have to clear the injury site, and stem cells in the spinal cord need to generate new nerve cells, which then connect to the muscles.

To make that connection, neurons release the protein agrin, which reaches out to LRP4, a protein on the muscle cell surface.

By tapping into this newly identified connection, we open up new avenues for more successful reprogramming of adult cells to a stem cell state, which is a priority for future regenerative medicine approaches.»

«We also noticed an accumulation of debris of interneurons — the cells that serve as a connection between sensory and motor pathways for reflexes — in the hippocampus, which is responsible for memory storage.»

This resulted in over 5,000 virus - host protein - to - protein interactions, which the investigators narrowed down to 139 key connections that are necessary for HCV infection, involving all 10 HCV proteins and 133 proteins in the host liver cells.

In our latest work, for example, we have found evidence of a potentially clinically useful connection of complement in mesenchymal stem cell - based therapies, suggesting that complement is a valid target for improving the viability and function of mesenchymal stem cells, which are under extensive evaluation in clinical trials for treating many inflammatory and degenerative diseases.

In bench assays using living nerve cells to monitor new neuronal connections, Harding, Wright and their colleagues found Dihexa to be seven orders of magnitude more powerful than BDNF, which has yet to be effectively developed for therapeutic use.

We know, for instance, quite precisely which receptors in the brain are responsible for changes in the functional connections between nerve cells, the synapses; we also know the rules, when synapses get stronger and when they get weaker.

Recently, many papers have come out that highlight connections between cancer and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the latter of which was discussed previously.

This result, which shows the extent to which the integration between nerve cells and these synthetic structures is stable and efficient, highlights the great potentialities of carbon nanotubes as innovative materials capable of facilitating neuronal regeneration or in order to create a kind of artificial bridge between groups of neurons whose connection has been interrupted.

The prize committee noted his radial unit hypothesis, which stated that in the developing cerebral cortex the cells are created at the base of each column, each new cell migrates past its predecessors, and the related «protomap» hypothesis on external signals determining cell function as it grows and forms complex connections.

The human brain contains as many as 100 billion neurons, most of which make hundreds to thousands of synaptic connections with specific target cells.

When ASD astrocytes (red) are cultured with ASD neurons (red) neuronal development is impaired; the neuron has a smaller cell body, extends less dendritic processes which are thick and stunted, and receives less synaptic connections.

One of the precursors to Alzheimer's disease, which attacks the brain's nerve cells, is a loss of smell, so understanding this connection to olfactory nerve cells could perhaps serve as a diagnostic tool and perhaps unlock a deeper understanding of the degenerative disorder.

Neurons, the main communicators, form connections with other neurons via structures called dendrites, which receive the incoming electrical signals used to communicate information within and beyond the brain, and axons that pass along the message to the next cell across synapses, the gaps between cells.