Sentences with phrase «cell differentiation by»

In monkeys, methods for inducing germ cell differentiation from ES cells have not been reported except spontaneous germ cell differentiation by EB formation [7].

The pervasive vasculature facilitates stem cell differentiation by enabling delivery of cell growth factors throughout all areas of the tissue.

Verify Th1 cell differentiation by analyzing cytokine expression via flow cytometry or ELISA (optional).

The symplekin / ZONAB complex inhibits intestinal cell differentiation by the repression of AML1 / Runx1.

Not exact matches

As differentiation continues, various genes are «switched off» but stem cells, even in adults, retain a certain pluripotency in order to produce fully differentiated cells lost by damage or ageing.

Stage I lactogenesis, or secretory initiation, occurs during pregnancy and is defined by the differentiation of mammary alveolar epithelial cells into specialized secretory cells, termed lactocytes (1).

Furthermore, by making use of embryonic stem cells and in vitro differentiation, SIF - seq can be used to assess enhancer activity in a wide variety of disease - relevant cell types.»

Adds Pennacchio, «The range of biologically or disease - relevant enhancers that SIF - seq can be used to identify is limited only by currently available stem cell differentiation methods.

Some scientists had claimed that the lymphatic system was derived from specialized stem cells called angioblasts, whereas others had argued that it originated by the differentiation of pre-existing embryonic veins.

The study also found that in addition to its role in determining the sex of somatic cells, Sxl regulation by m6A is required to initiate germline stem cell differentiation for developing eggs.

We examined the function of this structural differentiation by determining how cell ensembles in rat CA3 and CA1 generate representations of rooms with common spatial elements.

By analysing the early steps that precede tumor formation, Alexandra Van Keymeulen and colleagues found that expression of oncogenic Pik3ca reactivates a multilineage differentiation program in adult stem cells that resembles to an immature embryonic state.

The research team, led by bioengineering professor Adam Engler, also found that a protein binding the stem cell to the hydrogel is not a factor in the differentiation of the stem cell as previously suggested.

Engler's team, which includes bioengineering graduate student researchers Ludovic Vincent and Jessica Wen, found that the stem cell differentiation is a response to the mechanical deformation of the hydrogel from the force exerted by the cell.

After deciphering this natural differentiation process, the investigators duplicated it in the laboratory dish by adding a sequence of proteins, called growth factors, to the fluid bathing the stem cells.

The current view proposes that stem cell differentiation is controlled by their local environment, the so - called niche.

Some of the researchers at the centre will study the differentiation of stem cells into other cell types, one group by using human embryonic stem cell biology and another by studying early embryo development.

Their analysis of more than 4,000 individual tumor cells, the largest effort to date in brain tumors, finds three developmental categories of cancer cells — one resembling neural stem cells and two characterized by sets of genes indicting paths towards differentiation.

Varghese and her team showed that they could control the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into functional osteoblasts — bone - building cells — simply by adding the molecule adenosine to their growth medium.

Their results demonstrated shared mechanisms by which miR -17-92 mediates cGVHD progression — namely by regulating T helper - cell differentiation, B - cell activation, germinal center responses, and autoantibody production.

The study focuses on «stemness,» defined as the potential for self - renewal and differentiation from the cell of origin, and on «stemness indices» developed during postdoctoral research conducted by Tathiane Malta as part of a project supported by FAPESP and with Houtan Noushmehr, a professor in FMRP - USP's Genetics Department, as principal investigator.

Instead, they are actually supplied by first progenitor cells that develop during the following differentiation step.

The release of several signals by skin cells that are dying contributes to the creation and spreading of the chronic immune response and hyper - proliferation and irregular differentiation of epidermis,» says Joan Manils, first author of the study and member of the mentioned department and post-doctorate researcher at the Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (Ireland).

The study, publishing July 27 in the open access journal PLOS Biology departs from the view that cell differentiation follows step - by - step instructions.

By monitoring stem cell differentiation on gels that mimic the stiffness and nanofibrous structure of biological tissue, researchers have identified the specific molecules that stem cells use when selecting bone and cartilage fates.

Despite a lack of rigorous clinical trials to test safety or efficacy, a ban of the treatment by health authorities, and a lack of peer review by the scientific community, the privately funded Stamina Foundation has been using cultured mesenchymal stem cells that have been exposed to putative conditions that favour neuronal differentiation to treat different diseases in severely or terminally ill patients.

Dr. Gabriel Ferguson, a postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Dr. Martinez - Agosto and first author of the study, built upon the lab's previous research that utilized the blood system of the fruit fly species Drosophila, showing that a specific set of signals must be received by progenitor cells to activate their differentiation into cells that can work to fight infection after injury.

Interestingly, however, a team of researchers led by Nagoya University previously found that the occurrence of more germ cells — biological cells capable of uniting with one from the opposite sex to form a new individual — in female medaka (teleost fish) gonads is essential for female differentiation of gonads.

These receptors determine the differentiation of cell function and may increase the ability to produce insulin in response to glucose by beta cells.

In CRC 873, funded by the German Research Foundation, medical and biological scientists investigate the basic regulatory mechanisms that control the self - renewal and differentiation of stem cells.

Many breast cancers are marked by a lack of HOXA5 protein, a gene product known to control cell differentiation and death, and lower levels of the protein correspond to poorer outcomes for patients.

«Our study found that by introducing an inhibitor of the STAT3 protein in repeated cycles, we could alternately replenish the pool of satellite cells and promote their differentiation into muscle fibers,» said Alessandra Sacco, Ph.D., assistant professor in the Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program at Sanford - Burnham.

«We have discovered that by timing the inhibition of STAT3 — like an «on / off» light switch — we can transiently expand the satellite - cell population followed by their differentiation into mature muscle cells.»

They found that the inhibitor initially promoted satellite - cell replication, followed by differentiation of the satellite cells into muscle fibers.

In comparison with the cells obtained with the technique developed by Yamanaka, the stem cells obtained by CNIO therefore represent an even earlier embryonic state, with greater capacity for differentiation.

The authors uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms, as well as the gene network regulated by Sox9 during the early steps of skin tumor initiation and demonstrates that Sox9 controls the long term maintenance and expansion of oncogene expressing cells by promoting self - renewing division and inhibiting differentiation.

But because the BMP4 and noggin molecules were directly in contact with the cells, much less growth factor was needed to spur the differentiation — approximately 12 times less than what would be required by conventional solution - based techniques.

Even though STAT3 activity drives the expansion of MDSCs and is involved in immune responses mediated by the cells, they found that high levels of STAT3 activity actually prevent the differentiation of MDSCs to macrophages.

The 28 groups that will eventually make up the CRG will be organised around five main programmes — Gene Regulation, Development and Cell Biology, Cell Differentiation and Cancer, Genes and Diseases, and Bioinformatics and Genomics — each of which will be headed by a senior scientist leading his or her own group.

The differentiation of stem cells is largely controlled by external cues, including morphogenic growth factors, in the three - dimensional environment that surrounds the cells.

Subsequent experiments carried out at the Laboratory of Cell Biology in Rome by Luigi Aloe and one of us (Levi - Montalcini) demonstrated that this remarkable transformation can also take place in the intact animal: repeated injections of NGF into rat fetuses, continued for two to three weeks after birth, resulted in the differentiation of chromaffin cells into sympathetic neurons in the core of the adrenal gland!

«Our experiments showed that restoring H19 expression hindered by too much p53 restored «protective differentiation» of osteoblasts to counter events of tumor growth early on in bone cancer,» said co-author, Ihor Lemischka, PhD, Director of The Black Family Stem Cell Institute within the Icahn School of Medicine.

It was originally thought that ATRA was successfully treating APL by inducing cell differentiation, causing cancer cells to change into normal cells by activating the cellular retinoic acid receptors.

The differentiation of the outer layer of blastocyst cells from the inner cell mass is already underway by the 8 - cell stage.

The study, «Directed network wiring identifies a key protein interaction in embryonic stem cell differentiation,» was supported by the National Institutes of Health.

A short - term inhibition of Rho - kinase failed to induce extracellular matrix production in fibroblasts or in HCS - 2 / 8 cells, while its long - term exposure increased the expressions of chondrocyte - specific genes and differentiation markers, and also promoted the synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans by chondrocytic cells.

His findings could help researchers devise ways to repair or replace damaged tissues by directing cells into specific differentiation paths.

Cell therapy, as envisaged by the teams of I - Stem, is primarily based on the identification of experimental protocols that can specifically guide differentiation of pluripotent cells to a cell fate, which presents a interest for the replacement of the defective cell population from the patient (the striatal neurons for Huntington's disease, the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium for retinitis pigmentosa, keratinocytes for genodermatoses, etCell therapy, as envisaged by the teams of I - Stem, is primarily based on the identification of experimental protocols that can specifically guide differentiation of pluripotent cells to a cell fate, which presents a interest for the replacement of the defective cell population from the patient (the striatal neurons for Huntington's disease, the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium for retinitis pigmentosa, keratinocytes for genodermatoses, etcell fate, which presents a interest for the replacement of the defective cell population from the patient (the striatal neurons for Huntington's disease, the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium for retinitis pigmentosa, keratinocytes for genodermatoses, etcell population from the patient (the striatal neurons for Huntington's disease, the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium for retinitis pigmentosa, keratinocytes for genodermatoses, etc.).

Lactobacillus accelerates ISCs regeneration to protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway induced by LPLs secretion of IL - 22 — Qihang Hou — Cell Death and Differentiation

Yachi, P.P., Lotz, C., Ampudia, J. & Gascoigne, N.R.J. T cell activation enhancement by endogenous pMHC acts for both weak and strong agonists but varies with differentiation state.