Sentences with phrase «cell disease model»

«Stem cell disease model clarifies bone cancer trigger.»

In close collaboration with Dr. Yamanaka Dr. Conklin's laboratory was able to establish new iPS cell disease models, gain new insights into iPS cell biology, and develop new tissue engineering methods.

Not exact matches

He conducted his postdoctoral research at Brigham and Women's Hospital / Harvard Medical School, where he researched the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in mouse models of kidney disease, and was part of a team that discovered a stem cell subtype responsible for solid organ fibrosis.

«In theory, we could model progression of the disease by reprogramming skin cells from patients at a range of ages, including before symptoms begin.

To develop their «disease in a dish» model, the team took skin cells from patients with Allan - Herndon - Dudley syndrome and reprogrammed them into induced pluripotent stem cells, which then can be developed into any type of tissue in the body.

In the present study, the researchers have discovered a reason for reduced fertility in people with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), which increases the risk of developing autoimmune disease (caused by the immune system attacking and damaging healthy cells) and which is often used as a model for autoimmune disease in general.

«Chronic inflammation of the intestine is thought to be caused by abnormal interactions between gut microbes, intestinal epithelial cells and the immune system, but so far it has been impossible to determine how each of these factors contribute to the development of intestinal bowel disease,» said Hyun Jung Kim, Ph.D., former Wyss Technology Development Fellow and first author on the study, speaking about the limitations of conventional in vitro and animal models of bacterial overgrowth and inflammation of the intestines.

Currently, I work on three directions: (1) cell motility and the cytoskeleton, (2) modeling of physiology and diseases (such as autoimmune diabetes), and (3) swarming and aggregation behaviour in social organisms.

Exposed to both air and fluid, the cells might also be used to model the lungs and test drugs for lung disease.

The researchers are beginning to use their model to test whether Zika virus, and other pathogens associated with congenital disease, can infect placental cells and / or cross the placental barrier.

«The fact that a [cell] culture expresses most genes present in the brain says nothing about its appropriateness as a disease model,» says Knoblich.

«This research has broad impact, because by deepening our understanding of cell reprogramming we have the potential to improve disease modeling and the generation of better sources of patient - specific specialized cells suitable for replacement therapy,» said Plath.

In preclinical studies using cell models that mimicked liver cells of patients with the rare disease Friedreich's ataxia (FA), a widely used cholesterol - lowering drug increased a precursor of HDL (high - density lipoprotein), the «good cholesterol,» according to new research published in PLOS ONE from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

With our human gut - on - a-chip, we can not only culture the normal gut microbiome for extended times, but we can also analyze contributions of pathogens, immune cells, and vascular and lymphatic endothelium, as well as model specific diseases to understand complex pathophysiological responses of the intestinal tract.»

Guo and his collaborators continue their studies by establishing additional mouse models of leukemia that have been transplanted with patient cells of relapsed and refractory disease.

This proof - of - principle study shows «for the first time... that human iPS cells can be used to model a diverse range of inherited diseases in adult cells,» the authors wrote in their paper, published online in The Journal of Clinical Investigation August 25.

A new study has found that stem cell therapy can reduce lung inflammation in an animal model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis.

Qi concluded that the peptide reduced nerve cell impairment caused by Huntington's disease in the animal model.

The research is also the first to demonstrate beneficial effects of UDCA on dopaminergic neurons, the nerve cells affected in Parkinson's disease, in a fly model of Parkinson's disease which carries the same genetic change as some patients with the condition.

Specifically, the Mount Sinai study was designed to test whether pharmacological compounds designed to block the function of XPO1 / CRM1 could stop disease progression in mouse models that exhibit some of the characteristics of MS. Researchers found that two chemical agents (called KPT - 276 and KPT - 350) prevented XPO1 / CRM1 from shuttling cargo out of the nucleus of nerve cells, which protected them from free radicals and structural damage.

The study involved laboratory cell lines of human leukemia and mouse models of the disease.

Realistic stem cell therapies to replace diseased or damaged tissue may still be years away, but researchers have uncovered a promising new use for these undifferentiated cells: they can be programmed to become patient - specific laboratory models of inherited liver disease.

The UT Southwestern group had previously used CRISPR - Cas9, the original gene - editing system, to correct the Duchenne defect in a mouse model of the disease and in human cells.

The study successfully countered harmful effects of mutant huntingtin and protected nerve cells in several models of Huntington's disease.

The scientists then tested three new mTOR inhibitors currently under development (pp242, AZD8055 and INK128) in combination with the chemotherapies AraC, Etoposide and Cisplatin to see how they affected laboratory lines of leukemia cells and mouse models of the disease.

«The compounds identified in this study, when administered orally, both reduced the inflammation that is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis and protected against the nerve cell damage seen in mouse models of the disease,» said Jeffery Haines, PhD, a post-doctoral fellow at Mount Sinai and the study's lead author.

These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.

Using animal models of precancerous polyps in the bowel, Chung and his team determined that certain types of immune cells within a chronically inflamed intestine can become rewired, causing them — paradoxically — to contribute to disease development rather than protect against it.

In addition to helping understand disease by providing more powerful study models, «what this technology would allow you to do is reprogram a skin cell, for example, from a Parkinson's patient... into a pluripotent cell and then in a petri dish redirect that cell into... a neuron» to treat that patient.

«The study of this type of tumours has been problematic up to now due to the lack of cell models and the appropriate animal models,» says CNIC researcher Juan Carlos Ramírez, who adds that the difficulty of generating these chromosomal translocations had limited the availability of cells with this mark of the disease.

In the study, exosomes, which are generated by all cells and are naturally present in blood, were modified as «iExosomes,» capable of delivering small RNA to specifically target mutant KRAS, resulting in disease suppression and increased overall survival in mouse models.

Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine report that a single infusion of wildtype hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) into a mouse model of Friedreich's ataxia (FA) measurably halted cellular damage caused by the degenerative disease.

This accomplishment opens the door for disease modeling and drug screening and brings personalized cell therapy a step closer for patients with diabetes.

Most importantly, these cells protected mice from developing diabetes in a model of disease, having the critical ability to produce insulin in response to changes in glucose levels.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-- adult cells reprogrammed back to an embryonic stem cell - like state — may better model the genetic contributions to each patient's particular disease.

Additionally, work in a mouse model revealed similar cells, indicating that the progenitors are conserved from mouse to human, and therefore, they must be «important cells with promising potential for cell therapy in treating liver disease,» explained Dr. Gouon - Evans.

Next, the research team will examine specifically whether these liver cells obtained from human embryonic stem cells in a dish help repair injured livers in preclinical animal models of liver disease.

Still, he says, other groups have arrived at opposing results regarding the role of T cells in the disease, in part, perhaps, because their animal models aren't the same.

As a result, they can now test drugs directly on living cells afflicted with the disease, and they can accurately model how it progresses.

More recently, researchers have induced stem cells from diseased human somatic cells, which may serve as new model systems for various illnesses.

«New gene editing technique turns human pluripotent stem cells into a model system for polycystic kidney disease.»

Now, a team of scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have developed the Just EGFP Death - Inducing T - cell, or JEDI T - cells, which enable the visualization of T - cell antigens, allowing researchers to study T - cell interactions with different cell types, model disease states, and finally determine the functions of otherwise poorly characterized cell populations.

Stem cell models, derived from healthy or diseased cells, are also being developed for use in drug efficacy and toxicity testing.

This is particularly important as it indicates the method can be used in a variety of cell types to create disease models and contribute to the discovery of new disease - specific therapeutics.

This was observed in human ovarian cancer cells grown in culture, and then in mouse models of the disease.

Desgrosellier said the team will follow up with mouse models containing tumor fragments from patients to better reflect the diversity of cell types present in human disease.

More work is needed to determine whether the findings on rapamycin hold true in animal models of Leigh syndrome and other neurodegenerative diseases, and to ascertain how exactly rapamycin is altering the metabolism of the cells.

Dr Leonardo Guasti added: «It represents an entirely new concept for the study of the adrenal gland as the ability to generate donor - specific and functional adrenal - like cells will facilitate the next generation of cell - based treatments for adrenal insufficiency, the modelling of adrenal specific diseases, and the testing of personalised interventions on cells derived from patients.»

The disease model, described in a new study by a UC San Francisco - led team, involves taking skin cells from patients with the bone disease, reprogramming them in a lab dish to their embryonic state, and deriving stem cells from them.

The human cell - based disease model is expected to lead to a better understanding of these disorders and other illnesses, Hsiao said.