Sentences with phrase «cell electrodes»

In a practical cell the electrodes are constructed from semiconducting oxides, the exact composition of which is the subject of intense research at the UNSW and other institutions to find the best combination of photo - sensitivity, corrosion resistance and low band gap.

LOS ALAMOS, N.M., Aug. 3, 2017 — In order to reduce the cost of next - generation polymer electrolyte fuel cells for vehicles, researchers have been developing alternatives to the prohibitively expensive platinum and platinum - group metal (PGM) catalysts currently used in fuel cell electrodes.

Analysis of the ionic conductive structure dependent on the layer thickness of the ultra-thin layers, gave additional valuable information about the polymers behavior in fuel cell electrodes.

Furthermore, ultra-thin, self - assembled layers on substrates of different surface energies were investigated on their morphology and ion conductive structure for modeling polymer structure in fuel cell electrodes.

Materials like this can be used for fuel cell electrodes, with far lower costs than the current ones.

Such qualities make them suitable for storing electric charge in batteries and supercapacitors, and as catalysts in solar and fuel - cell electrodes.

Easton, who looks at materials used in fuel cell electrodes and brain sensors, is already communicating with a new hire in the physics program about starting up a collaboration ---- something he might have shied away from, he says, at another institution.

Not exact matches

I do not mean to suggest that one group of brain cells mapped out by researchers and excited by electrodes will produce visions of God.

A microbial fuel cell, for example, could generate electricity by capturing electrons from the bacteria on electrodes instead of the rocks that these organisms evolved to breathe.

In animals, implanted electrodes were used to measure the activity of individual grid cells directly, but this is not a practical option in humans.

STICK an electrode in the ground, pump electrons down it, and they will come: living cells that eat electricity.

It may also be possible to vary the voltage applied to the electrodes, putting the energetic squeeze on cells to the point at which they are just doing the absolute minimum to stay alive.

The researchers then discharged a tiny current between neighboring electrodes that could detect tissue damage based on how much of the current passed through the cells.

In the first, the team outfitted 17 8 - month - old babies with EEG caps, headwear covered with electrodes that measure the collective behavior of nerve cells across the brain.

Turning a knob with a gloved hand, he nudged a metal electrode nearly as fine as a red blood cell closer to an ice crystal.

Deep brain stimulation is used in Parkinson's disease to trigger brain cell activity and prevent the abnormal signalling that causes debilitating tremors, but placing the electrodes required is highly invasive.

However, using super-thin electrodes, the Lund group have now shown that no networks are needed: one single cell can learn when it is time to react.

Using tiny electrodes, they monitored the response of brain cells responsible for movement.

Used as a counter electrode in a dye - sensitized solar cell, the material enabled the cell to convert power with up to 6.8 percent efficiency and more than doubled the performance of an identical cell that instead used an expensive platinum wire counter electrode.

The electrodes detected waves of synchronized nerve impulses sweeping through the retinal tissue, in patches of up to 100 cells at a time.

In the first practical application for the machine learning, the team worked with Assistant Professor Jim Cahoon, Ph.D., in the UNC Department of Chemistry to design a new electrode material for a type of low - cost solar cells.

Spanning 17 elements — from lanthanum to lutetium, plus scandium and yttrium — they find use in computers, screens, superconductors, oil refineries, hybrid or electric vehicles, catalytic converters, compact fluorescent lightbulbs, light - emitting diodes, lasers, audio speakers and microphones, cell phones, MRI machines, telecommunications, battery electrodes, advanced weapons systems, polished glass, and even the electric motors that run automobile windows.

Using sunlight to create fuels (such as hydrogen on the other electrode in this solar cell) with inexpensively prepared electrodes may provide a solution to the intermittency drawback of solar energy.

A solar cell splits water with two electrodes, producing oxygen on one electrode, while generating hydrogen on the other.

A team at Emory University is embedding electrodes in glass cones filled with nerve - growth factors that encourage brain cells to sprout more dendrites and axons.

Both PEM fuel cells and SOFCs, like batteries, have two electrodes separated by an ion - conducting electrolyte.

Therefore, in this solar cell that splits water, oxygen is generated on this new electrode, while hydrogen is generated on the other electrode.

The team asked the patients to categorize a variety of images as fast as possible while their electrodes recorded the firing of nearly 1,500 single brain cells across the group in real time.

They were the amplified sounds of brain cells firing, picked up by the electrode and piped through a nearby speaker.

When impaled with electrodes, these cells did not produce a crackle of electric pulses.

Building on the newly - published pilot study, the team will conduct experiments using a windtunnel which measures the behaviour of mosquitoes towards odours and electrodes which track the response of individual odour - detecting cells from within the antenna of the mosquito in specially - designed secure laboratories at the School to measure the responses of malaria - infected Anopheles gambiae s.s. females to human odours.

The solutions are pumped into a cell containing a membrane between the two fluids with electrodes on either side, releasing energy.

Chemist Bjorn Winther - Jensen of Monash University in Australia and his colleagues addressed that problem by developing new electrodes for fuel cells made from a special conducting polymer, that costs around $ 57 per counce.

He envisions a system that uses electric power generated during the day by solar cells to separate water using his new electrode.

The result in both cases is that they rub against and irritate the brain tissue, and the nerve cells around the electrodes die.

«This is the first time that anyone has been able to directly verify how the lithium concentration evolves in space and time within the electrode of a live battery cell containing a typical wet electrolyte,» he said.

The SECM uses a flat - faced probe a few micrometres across, which forms one electrode in an electrochemical cell.

Next, Deisseroth required someone skilled at patch clamping, a technique that uses an electrode to record ions passing through cells.

A fuel cell converts chemical energy into electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen at two different electrodes.

These electrodes pulse to stimulate cells in the retina, transmitting visual information along the optic nerve to the brain, creating the perception of patterns of light.

The test subject wore a cap with 64 electrodes that can measure nerve cell activity in the brain throughout the experiment.

So far, the electrode can not generate enough power to do this on its own, but even so it could reduce the amount of solar cells needed, making the process far cheaper, says Gamelin (Energy and Environmental Science, DOI: 10.1039 / c0ee00030b).

This device would have two cells housing electrodes, one on top of the other, with a rust electrode coated in cobalt and phosphate on top.

But not all the sunlight would be absorbed by this electrode: light with a wavelength longer than 600 nanometres isn't absorbed by the rust - coloured water in the top cell so would pass through to strike the lower electrode, powering the production of hydrogen.

«Battery research reaching out to higher voltages: Evonik Research Prize for lithium - ion battery test cell with separated electrodes.»

This fuel cell converts hydrogen into electricity by oxygen - ion migration to fuel electrode through an oxide electrolyte.

While the rats ran and then paused after reaching the food, the neurobiologists directly measured the animals» brain cell activity using carefully placed electrodes.

One key to achieving efficient semitransparent solar cells is to develop a transparent electrode for the cell's uppermost layer that is compatible with the photoactive material.

But neither brain scans nor clinical studies of patients with implanted electrodes explained exactly how the cells in these patches work.

But neither data from brain scanners — functional magnetic resonance imaging — nor clinical studies of patients with implanted electrodes have explained exactly how the cells in these face patches work.