Sentences with phrase «cell growth rates»

The time from initiation to division is given by the individual cells growth rate, which is variable and is the major cause of the variation in cell sizes.

Not exact matches

Simply enter in your estimates for real GDP growth, GDP inflation, the 10 - year bond rate and your desired contingency reserve in the yellow cells, and the sheet will estimate the projected surplus or deficit for fiscal years 2015 - 16 through 2019 - 20.

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

The pattern and rate of this perfusion guides how the bone structure grows, just as blood does in vivo, and the physical stimulation of the cells provided by this flow is critical for proper growth.

Lo's team set out to find ways to further weaken the tumors, since the drug addiction response (which can range from a mere slow down of the cancer's growth rate to cancer cell death), can be used to improve clinical outcomes.

In addition, when researchers tried to «turn off» the STK17A protein, they observed a reduced rate of cancer cell growth.

A mechanical strain - dependent cell wall growth rate predicted a straightening rate consistent with what was found experimentally.

Combining a new hydrogel material with a protein that boosts blood vessel growth could improve the success rate for transplanting insulin - producing islet cells into persons with type 1 diabetes.

The rub was if algae are deprived of nitrogen, the cells become stressed and begin to produce lipids, but their growth rate slows.

However, Dr Pullen and his team present evidence that plant growth is actually «sink - limited,» meaning that genetic regulation and cell division rates have a much bigger role in controlling plant growth than previously thought: «We are proposing that plant growth is not physically limited by Net Primary Productivity (NPP) or the environment, but instead is limited genetically in response to these signals to ensure they do not become limiting.»

By performing experiments in petri dishes and with mice, they found that panobinostat, a drug designed to change the way cells regulate genes, may be effective at inhibiting DIPG growth and extending survival rates.

«I'm currently working with large datasets that will allow me to look for correlations between dispersal traits — such as pollen dimensions, DNA content, cell number, pollen energy reserves, water content, pollination syndromes — and pollen tube performance traits — such as tube dimensions and elongation rates, style lengths and duration of growth,» concludes Williams.

By using molecular genetic tools to reduce the amount of PC in human lung cancer cells, the team observed decreased cell growth, a compromised ability to form colonies in soft agar (a gelatinous material specifically used to grow bacteria and other cells), and a reduced rate of tumor growth in mice.

What we've shown is that the rate at which protons enter and leave is high enough to power the growth of cells via proteins embedded in the membrane.

They also found significant differences among strains in both the average lag response (the amount of time it takes to transition from cell quiescence to restarting cell growth) and average growth rates in response to different environmental conditions.

The assay can measure the lag times and growth rates of as many as 80,000 individual microcolonies in a single 24 - hour experiment, opening up a powerful new high - throughput tool to study the complex interplay between cell growth, division and metabolism under environmental conditions that are likely to be ecologically relevant but had previously been difficult to study in the laboratory.

Williams analyzed the rate of growth of pollen tubes, which transport sperm from pollen into a plant's egg cell.

This rapid, malignant metastatic formation of melanoma, was previously put down to the high mutation rate that is characteristic of melanoma, i.e. genetic changes that stimulate the growth of cancer cells.

In the cold seep worm, the cells at the edges of the trophosome die at about the rate that new cells are produced, slowing the worm's growth and keeping the worm stocked with young cells.

Previous research conducted recently in Brazil and elsewhere points to increased mortality rates for human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) infected by Zika virus, as well as growth inhibition and morphological abnormalities.

«By controlling the geometry and growth rates of groups of cells, you could then scale this up to control the size and shape of an organ such as a leaf, which is crucial for plant productivity.»

Researchers at UC Davis have shown that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a fatty acid commonly found in fish and fish oil supplements, reduces renal cell carcinoma invasiveness, growth rate, and blood vessel growth when combined with the anti-cancer therapy regorafenib.

The group observed that, at the cellular level, one of the side effects of the diet was an expansion of hair follicle stem cells, leading to increasing hair follicle growth and retention rates.

The mechanisms underlying this ability and the extent to which the cells» size, growth rate and other physiological properties relate to survival in mycobacterial populations were not well understood.

The growth rate of the cells exploded, and they quickly became disorganized masses characteristic of early stage, aggressive breast cancer, the team reports in the 7 February issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine.

Now cancer researchers at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, have shown that blocking LDH - A, using a technique called RNA interference (ScienceNOW, 10 November 2004), lowers the growth rates of cancer cells by about 100 fold.

The genes involved code for proteins that control basic physiological processes such as energy consumption, growth rate, and cell division.

Decorin is a protein that is part of connective tissue like bone, but that also plays a signaling role, interacting with growth factors to slow the rate that cells divide and multiply, unless turned off by too much p53.

Cell growth and survival were assessed in parallel using a method developed by the Sorger lab that corrects for growth rate variations and makes large - scale comparisons of drug response more accurate.

Under basal growth conditions, 1235 genes were essential for cell fitness at a false - discovery rate of 5...

This system enables a stable growth rate that is equally ideal for traditional iPS cell culture, mass production of cells, and single cell culture.

Insulin - like growth factor - I prevents the accumulation of autophagic vesicles and cell death in Purkinje neurons by increasing the rate of autophagosome - to - lysosome fusion and degradation.

Home > Press > Monocrystalline silicon thin film for cost - cutting solar cells with 10 - times faster growth rate fabricated: Controlling nano surface roughness of porous silicon

In Arabidopsis roots, it was shown that BR - mediated cell elongation leads to exit from the meristem and subsequent decrease in meristem size and growth rate after an initial growth increase (González - García et al., 2011; Chaiwanon and Wang, 2015).

The cells» growth pattern was cancer - like, they noticed, with overcrowding and a high rate of multiplication.

Other demonstration found that Cyclin D1 staining could provide significant prognostic information, under the experimental study modulation of MCF - 7 cell line growth rate by regulated overexpression or suppression of endogenous Cyclin D1 or CDK4 levels.

The global market for cell - based therapies is expected to surpass the US$ 20 billion mark by 2025, with an annual growth rate of 21 % (2).

Moreover, we also established DDX3 - overproducing clones in HuH - 7 and HeLa cells (Fig. 1B, top) and determined their growth rates by cell counting.

«It's a whole bunch of different kinds of cancer cells that are all competing at different growth rates.»

Interestingly, BDNF improves pregnancy rates by increasing trophoblast cell growth and survival via its receptor NTRK2 expressed by the trophectoderm of blastocysts [37].

Traditionally, the growth rates of hESC colonies have been manually counted from single cell suspensions as doubling time during the exponential growth phase [13] or as an expansion of the area of a single colony from microscopic images [14].

This is a problem because Cas9 expression affects growth rate, so my cell pool is going to evolve over time, which is bad news for repeatability and bad news for a screen.

According to the researchers, when expression of the gene that codes for this protein — phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase or PHGDH — is suppressed in tumors and cell lines with an overabundance of the protein, the rate of cellular growth declines markedly.

Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow and blood and is classified by cell type and rate of growth: acute lymphocytic, chronic lymphocytic, acute myeloid, and chronic myeloid.

The model picks two cells at random for a head - to - head competition in which the winner is determined based on «fitness,» which is dependent on the cell type's growth rate.

In our context of root growth, the Timer model could drive similar outcomes as the Sizer model only under very restrictive conditions of small variability in the threshold time and the cell elongation rate, suggesting it is a less plausible scenario.

Rebecca Gentry and colleagues divided the world's oceans into grid cells of 0.042 degrees squared (where degree refers to degrees of latitude and longitude), and then used the known thermal ranges and growth rates of 120 fish and 60 bivalve species to calculate the amount of both that could potentially be farmed in each cell of ocean.

Cell growth is the result of the balance between their proliferation and death rates.

First, they closely compared the differentiation rates of the cells growing in dishes compared to the known growth rates of human cells in utero.

No correlations were seen between MFC number and growth rate or total viable cell number extracted (Supplementary Fig.