Sentences with phrase «cell levels by»

MIT researchers have developed a way to measure white blood cell levels by imaging the cells as they flow through capillaries at the base of the fingernail.

Not exact matches

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

Thus, at the lowest level, electrons tend to unite and converge in the atom; atoms converge by molecularization, crystallization; molecules unite by polymerization; cells unite by conjugation, reproduction, association; nerve ganglions concentrate and localize to form a brain by what might be called a process of cephalization; the higher animal groups form colonies, hives, herds, societies, etc.; man socializes and forms civilizations as foci of attraction and organization.

Self «organization too is understood by him very broadly; it begins at the microphysical level and is exhibited most strikingly at the level of the living cell.

By virtue of a complicated arrangement of cells in the brain, there is at the human level emergent a mental state marked by what I have styled awarenesBy virtue of a complicated arrangement of cells in the brain, there is at the human level emergent a mental state marked by what I have styled awarenesby what I have styled awareness.

The building block electronic and protonic actual occasions are, in the case of human beings, swept into vastly more complex, Chinese box - like sets of containing societies within which there are social levels that can be identified with cells, others which answer to Aristotle's levels of tissues and organs, and which finally are presided over by what Whitehead refers to as the regnant nexus, a social thread of complex temporal inheritance which, Whitehead suggests, wanders from part to part of the brain, is the seat of conscious direction of the organism as a whole, and answers to what in Plato and Aristotle is called the soul.

As one moves up levels of organization — electrons, atoms, molecules, cells, and so on — the properties of each larger whole are given, not merely by the units of which it is composed, but by the new relations among these units.

Lewontin, Rose and Kamin discuss the different levels at which atoms assemble to make molecules, molecules assemble to make cells and so on: «as one moves up a level the properties of each larger whole are given not merely by the units of which it is composed but of the organizing relations between them... these organizing relationships mean that the properties of matter relevant at one level are just inapplicable at other levels» (NG 278).

The difference from Rensch's position is subtle: it is agreed that the peculiar experiential qualities of cells are dependent upon the systemic relations among the parts, and it is agreed that the higher - level experiences are integrations of the data provided by these parts.

Brain O Brain capsules tackle stress and produce high level of energy, the herbs used in the preparation of these capsules contain iron in high amount which enhances the capacity oxygen carrying of the blood by increasing the number of red blood cells.

The damage that is caused by constant high insulin levels can wreak havoc on your cells and lead to your body attacking itself in an effort to correct the situation.

The high - level of antioxidants and other phytochemicals found in nuts and seeds help prevent chronic and inflammatory diseases by protecting the body against cell oxidation.

By delaying cord clamping by just 90 seconds you are ensuring baby starts life with optimal levels of iron rich red blood cells, immune boosting white blood cells and stem cellBy delaying cord clamping by just 90 seconds you are ensuring baby starts life with optimal levels of iron rich red blood cells, immune boosting white blood cells and stem cellby just 90 seconds you are ensuring baby starts life with optimal levels of iron rich red blood cells, immune boosting white blood cells and stem cells.

While the more famous insulin lowers blood sugar levels by forcing your cells to absorb the free - floating sugar, glucagon has the opposite effect.

As a result, sugar does not get absorbed by your cells, leaving your blood sugar levels high.

EGFR / WT and KO cells were cultured overnight and starved for 24 h. Cells were treated with capsaicin (50 μmol / L) for 30 min and then TPA (20 ng / mL) for 2 h. Cells were lysed and cox - 2 mRNA levels were analyzed by RT -cells were cultured overnight and starved for 24 h. Cells were treated with capsaicin (50 μmol / L) for 30 min and then TPA (20 ng / mL) for 2 h. Cells were lysed and cox - 2 mRNA levels were analyzed by RT -Cells were treated with capsaicin (50 μmol / L) for 30 min and then TPA (20 ng / mL) for 2 h. Cells were lysed and cox - 2 mRNA levels were analyzed by RT -Cells were lysed and cox - 2 mRNA levels were analyzed by RT - PCR.

They found that exercise may help cognition by increasing blood and oxygen to the brain, increasing levels of norepinephrine, and endorphins to decrease stress and improve mood, and increasing growth factors that help create new nerve cells and support synaptic plasticity.

You can't see the lysozyme level rising (lysozyme is an enzyme that takes out bacteria by dissolving their cell walls) as he gets mobile and begins the quest to fish fun things out of the toilet.

Martin Fussenegger of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and his colleagues made this implant by genetically altering human skin cells so that they would become darker in colour when exposed to rising calcium levels.

By comparing the results to cells from paired normal tissue, researchers get a detailed molecular picture of the tumor environment, including the types and activity levels of T cells that are critical to the immunotherapy response.

By studying human cancer cells and animal models of cancer in the lab, our researchers have shown that loss of PTEN leads to high levels of PI (3,4) P2, which could result in hyperactivation of AKT.

Workers in Chinese factories exposed to high levels of formaldehyde had lower counts of white blood cells that fight germs and diseases, according to a 2010 study led by Zhang.

Along with the study's co-first authors, Drs. Aayoung Hong and Gatien Moriceau, Lo hypothesized that if they could identify the key tumor cell processes triggered by withdrawal of MAPK inhibitors, then scientists can exploit these process with existing or investigational drugs to trigger the maximal levels of tumor cell death immediately following cessation of the initial therapy.

Insulin is produced by beta cells to control glucose levels in the blood.

Using polymerase chain reaction methods that amplify DNA and Jones» assay that detects by - products of ALDH, the Johns Hopkins team found that regulatory T - cells express high levels of ALDH.

But it's only because it's on the microscopic level that this structure can overcome the problem of maintenance: the molecules that control the wheel and axle reach it by diffusing through the cell's cytoplasm.

The study, «Spectrophotometric analysis at the single - cell level: elucidating dispersity within melanic immortalized cell populations,» was supported in part by the Mizzou Advantage program, an initiative that fosters interdisciplinary collaboration among faculty, staff, students and external partners to solve real - world problems in four areas of strength identified at the University of Missouri, including Food for the Future, One Health / One Medicine, Sustainable Energy and Media of the Future.

By creating an experimental model of leukemia in mice whose cancer cells were resistant to chemotherapy the team was able to caracterize these cells» metabolic profile and observed certain modifications at the level of the mitochondria.

A new method, recently published in the biology journal The FASEB Journal by an international team including Osaka University researchers, can now image intracellular fatty acids at a single cell level.

By creating fibrous hydrogels with different levels of crosslinks, the team was able to show that cells surrounded by matrices with fewer crosslinks were better able to draw in fibers and increase the number of focal adhesions around theBy creating fibrous hydrogels with different levels of crosslinks, the team was able to show that cells surrounded by matrices with fewer crosslinks were better able to draw in fibers and increase the number of focal adhesions around theby matrices with fewer crosslinks were better able to draw in fibers and increase the number of focal adhesions around them.

Loss of LKB1 by regulatory T cells was also associated with increased levels of signaling molecules or cytokines associated with the Th2 immune response, Kai said.

However, some mice experienced dangerous levels of brain swelling, a side effect of the immune response triggered by the engineered cells, the researchers said, adding that extreme caution will be needed to introduce the approach in human clinical trials.

By comparing these two genomes they have also found that there is a common «language» that the cells use at the molecular level but which, at the same time, is tremendously flexible and has varied greatly throughout evolution.

This protein is expressed at relatively high levels in proliferating precursors and non-neuronal cells but down - regulated in developing neurons by a brain - enriched regulatory RNA called miR - 9.

DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) occurs naturally in cell membranes with the highest levels in brain cells, but levels can be increased by diet or supplements.

Almost all of these pathways work by protein handshakes — one protein «talking» to another in order to, for example, encourage the import of a needed nutrient, to block a compound from accumulating to a toxic level, or to alert the cell's interior to changes in the outside environment.

People with diabetes can no longer regulate their blood sugar levels effectively via the hormone insulin, which is produced by beta cells in the pancreas.

The diet increased the levels of leptin — a hormone produced by fat cells that usually signals satiety in the brain — in the bone marrow, which promoted the development of fat cells instead of bone cells.

By introducing caerulein to the pancreas we were able to generate new beta cells — the cells that produce insulin — potentially freeing patients from daily doses of insulin to manage their blood - sugar levels.»

In cell culture, high expression levels of GPR161 induced proliferation of mammary epithelial cells, disrupted the acinar structures formed by these cells, and enhanced their invasive capacity.

These studies demonstrated that, at higher levels, leptin worked as a primary mechanism in inducing precancerous colon cells by increasing the blood supply to them and promoting their progression.

«Our studies imply that the change of oxygen levels in different tissues can be sensed by Treg cells and that this process is critically important for maintaining the correct balance between activation and suppression of the immune system,» says Liu.

Scientists at the University of Liverpool have discovered that muscle cells affected by muscular dystrophy contain high levels of an enzyme that impairs muscle repair.

«This strategy allows a colony to hedge its bets by enabling individual cells within a population to assume high levels of resistance while others avoid this extra work.»

By measuring levels of the stress hormone cortisol, plus other chemical markers, the team found that the task caused more cell damage in the women who were already stressed.

In type 1 diabetes, beta cells in the pancreas that make insulin — the hormone that keeps our blood glucose levels at a safe concentration — are destroyed by the immune system.

To determine the age of the blood cells, Higgins and his colleagues developed an equation that compares glucose levels obtained by the A1C test with another method called continuous glucose monitoring.

New experiments by UC Berkeley and UCSF researchers suggest that immortalization of skin cells, which is essential to turning them cancerous, is a two - step process: a mutation in nevus cells slightly raises levels of telomerase, which keep the cells alive long enough for a second change, still unknown, that up - regulates telomerase to make the cells immortal and malignant.

By assessing the survival of the cells that engulf the particles and measuring the levels of red or green light that they emitted, the researchers determined which formulation of particles performed best, then tested that formulation in mice with human brain cancer derived from their patients.

With this technique, the Empa team has again been able to significantly increase the energy conversion efficiency from sunlight into electricity using CIGS thin film solar cells on flexible plastic foils — to a new record level of 20.4 %, representing a marked improvement over the previous record of 18.7 % established by the same team in May 2011.