Sentences with phrase «cell model says»
The stem cell model says that tumor growth is more hierarchical, mainly driven by a subset of cells that can make new copies of themselves and give rise to the other cell types the tumor contains.
http://www.sciencemag.org/ Not exact matches
«This model could have far - reaching implications to advance the understanding and treatment of neurological disorders,» said Svendsen, senior author of the Cell Stem Cell study.
«Chronic inflammation of the intestine is thought to be caused by abnormal interactions between gut microbes, intestinal epithelial cells and the immune system, but so far it has been impossible to determine how each of these factors contribute to the development of intestinal bowel disease,» said Hyun Jung Kim, Ph.D., former Wyss Technology Development Fellow and first author on the study, speaking about the limitations of conventional in vitro and animal models of bacterial overgrowth and inflammation of the intestines.
Let's say you have something complicated like a biological cell, or even something much less complicated, like a computer design or a scientific model.
«We found that the syncytiotrophoblasts formed in our system recapitulated the barrier properties of the naturally occurring cells and they resisted infection by a model virus and three genetically different strains of Toxoplasma,» said co-investigator Jon P. Boyle, Ph.D., associate professor of biological sciences at Pitt.
«The fact that a [cell] culture expresses most genes present in the brain says nothing about its appropriateness as a disease model,» says Knoblich.
«To my great surprise, even injecting 10 million activated T cells specific to the P1A antigen did not affect tumor growth in this induced tumor model,» says Van den Eynde.
«We are very excited about the prospect of using these more physiologically relevant cell - based models for gene and small molecule drug discoveries,» says Dr. Andrew Liu, Assistant Professor of Biology at the University of Memphis.
«This model was trained on genetic data from human tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and was able to predict response to certain inhibitors that affect cancers with overactive Ras signaling in an encyclopedia of cancer cell lines,» Greene said.
«This research has broad impact, because by deepening our understanding of cell reprogramming we have the potential to improve disease modeling and the generation of better sources of patient - specific specialized cells suitable for replacement therapy,» said Plath.
Honda global CEO Takanobu Ito said last week that Honda considers the FCEV «the ultimate environmentally responsible vehicle» and will launch an all - new fuel cell electric model in Japan, followed by the United States and Europe starting in 2015.
This suggests that «the python intestine may represent a valuable model for studying the interactions of metabolism with the regulation of cell division / death and WNT signaling relevant to cancer,» the researchers said.
These cells have improved the mechanical function in every other species in which they have been tested, so we are optimistic they will do so in this model as well,» Murry said.
«The compounds identified in this study, when administered orally, both reduced the inflammation that is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis and protected against the nerve cell damage seen in mouse models of the disease,» said Jeffery Haines, PhD, a post-doctoral fellow at Mount Sinai and the study's lead author.
«With this breakthrough it is possible to generate cell models with the same alterations as observed in tumour cells from patients, which will allow us to study their role in tumour development,» says CNIO researcher Sandra Rodríguez - Perales.
«Our model is the first step towards building a heart relying on self - organisation of cells, without any external three - dimensional supporting materials,» says Ma.
«Starting with our cell model that mimics human pancreatic cancer progression, we identified released proteins, then tested and validated a subset of these proteins as potential plasma biomarkers of this cancer,» Zaret said.
«I can now take virtually any organism and manipulate the genome and create model systems where I can track cells, manipulate genes,» says Gitlin.
Kilian said his team's synthetic microenvironment lies somewhere in the middle of two extremes in the field of modeling biology: the hard plastic plate, and expensive mouse avatars that are created by injecting human tumor cells into mice.
While mouse models have traditionally been used in studying the genetic disorder, Deng said the animal model is inadequate because the human brain is more complicated, and much of that complexity arises from astroglia cells, the star - shaped cells that play an important role in the physical structure of the brain as well as in the transmission of nerve impulses.
«The study of this type of tumours has been problematic up to now due to the lack of cell models and the appropriate animal models,» says CNIC researcher Juan Carlos Ramírez, who adds that the difficulty of generating these chromosomal translocations had limited the availability of cells with this mark of the disease.
«They are more true - to - life than cells in dishes and more human - like than animal models,» said Hamilton.
«Most previous research into ways of delaying the onset of HD symptoms have focused on studying the mutant protein in cells or in animal models, but the relevance of abnormalities in those systems to what actually happens in patients remains a huge assumption,» says James Gusella, PhD, director of the Center for Human Genetic Research (CHGR) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), corresponding author of the Cell paper.
«Despite the low infection levels of mouse cells with oHSV, we were able to cause a delay in tumor growth in one of the cancer models and even cure many of the mice in a second model,» said first author Jennifer Leddon, who conducted much of the laboratory work during a research experience in the Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases.
«If you see consistent phenotypes in different models, the things that are happening are probably important,» says Guo - li Ming of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, who led the earlier studies of Zika in human neural progenitor cells.
«The model we are proposing is one wherein colon cancer cells release an enzyme outside the cell, where it attaches a high - energy phosphate to the metabolite creatine, and then imports this energetic metabolite into the cell to be used as energy,» Tavazoie says.
Still, he says, other groups have arrived at opposing results regarding the role of T cells in the disease, in part, perhaps, because their animal models aren't the same.
«In our human airway epithelial model system, one of the drugs destabilizes and deactivates the protein that the other drug tries to correct,» said Martina Gentzsch, PhD, an assistant professor of cell biology and physiology and senior author of the UNC Science Translational Medicine paper.
«Our study results suggest a new drug cocktail that is effective in both human lung cancer cell lines and fly models,» says Cagan.
Desgrosellier said the team will follow up with mouse models containing tumor fragments from patients to better reflect the diversity of cell types present in human disease.
«Our work could lead not only to a better understanding of the biology of the optic nerve, but also to a cell - based human model that could be used to discover drugs that stop or treat blinding conditions,» says study leader Donald Zack, M.D., Ph.D., the Guerrieri Family Professor of Ophthalmology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
The human cell - based disease model is expected to lead to a better understanding of these disorders and other illnesses, Hsiao said.
Wang said the researchers are now trying to find the human equivalent (orthologue) of the MMC9 cells they found in their mouse models.
«To our knowledge, our model is the first in which expression of a single gene in postnatal hair cells results in hair cell survival and hearing preservation in mice that otherwise suffer from age - related and noise - induced hearing loss,» Dr. Chen said.
«This model supported cancer development so strongly that some mice developed invasive squamous cell skin cancers similar to the patient's tumor,» said lead author Shadmehr Demehri, MD, PhD, a dermatologist and postdoctoral fellow.
In this model, a system of chemicals react with each other and diffuse across a space — say between cells in an embryo.
«We learned a lot with this animal model, but perhaps the most important finding was what we observed when we transplanted skeletal muscle stem cells,» said Kyba.
Such cell - tracing techniques are the right approach to test the cancer stem cell model, says Sean Morrison, who studies stem cells and cancer at UTSMC and who was not involved in any of the studies.
«Using a genetic mouse model of DIPG, we found that the histone mutation turns off p16, which is a gene that acts like a break on dividing cells,» says senior author Oren J. Becher, MD, from Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.
«Right now,» Wells said,» we're hypothesizing that the mechanical interactions modeled by the Shenoy lab explain aspects of cancer and fibrosis, and we're developing the experimental systems to confirm it with real cells.»
«This is a unique platform to study interactions between drugs and cells or tissues, specifically in the kidney, where current models were lacking,» said Sakolish.
«The new model enables studies of the complex interactions between host cells, mucus production, and gut microbes in a system that closely mimics the situation in human patients,» Dawson said.
«I hope it will bolster and stimulate the community» to figure out how to better study the cancer stem cell model, he says.
«The next stage would be to repeat the study in primates, a more suitable animal model where HIV infection induces disease, in order to further demonstrate elimination of HIV - 1 DNA in latently infected T cells and other sanctuary sites for HIV - 1, including brain cells,» Dr. Khalili said.
The stem cell - derived beta cells are presently undergoing trials in animal models, including non-human primates, Melton said.
New models that factor in white blood cell count and blood pH do better, but «they require a lot of invasive testing,» says Anna Penn, a neonatologist at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (LPCH) in Palo Alto, California.
«Our organotypic models demonstrate the power of the microenvironment by showing that normal cells in their native architecture naturally steer fully malignant, genotypically aberrant tumor cells into a quiescent state,» Ghajar says.
Morris says vaccination with modified tumor cells producing IL - 15 and IL - 15Rα slowed tumor growth and led to increased survival for animal models.
«Use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology» — which involves taking skin cells from patients and reprogramming them into embryonic - like stem cells capable of turning into other specific cell types relevant for studying a particular disease — «makes it possible to model dementias that affect people later in life,» says senior study author Catherine Verfaillie of KU Leuven.
Existing cell culture models were not very realistic, Tuveson says, and creating genetically engineered mice took up to a year, compared with up to 3 weeks for pancreatic cancer organoids.