Sentences with phrase «cell receptors as»

The problem is that parabens are endocrine disruptors, which means that they have an estrogenic effect in the body — they bind to the same cell receptors as our own estrogen but they interfere with our normal, rhythmic, hormonal process.

Anandamide is among a class of naturally occurring chemicals in the body known as endocannabinoids that attach to the same brain cell receptors as does marijuana's active ingredient, THC, with similar outcomes.

To block this signal, recent clinical studies have focused on inhibiting the activation of the B - cell receptor as a treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients, but with variable success.

Not exact matches

Bellicum is among the flurry of biotechs investing heavily into cell therapies such as experimental chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) treatments for cancer (this is the next - gen treatment that involves reprogramming immune cells to become cancer killers and has shown promise in blood cancers, which Bellicum specializes in).

Santa Monica, California - based Kite is developing chimeric antigen receptor T - cell therapy, known as a CAR T, which harnesses the body's own immune cells to recognize and attack malignant cells.

No. 4: CAR - T takes a backseat Research into chimeric antigen receptor T - cell (CAR - T) therapy has captured the attention of investors over the past two years, but safety risks could emerge as trial sizes increase, and that could help shift attention to other promising anti-cancer approaches, including NantKwest's (NASDAQ: NK) natural killer cell approach and soon - to - IPO Editas» CRISPR / Cas approach.

Capsaicin only inflames human cells because heat - detecting proteins in our nerve endings called TRPV1 receptors become activated in the chemical's presence, mistakenly interpreting capsaicin as a sign of extreme heat, and sending the body's burn defenses into overdrive.

In particular, the PTPRF gene, which is known to suppress intracellular signals that are usually triggered by insulin binding to its receptor on the cell surface, may serve as a biomarker linking insulin resistance with insufficient milk supply.

«Once this novel tumor - homing agent binds to the EphA2 receptor, the oncogene functions as a cancer - specific molecular Trojan horse for paclitaxel, carrying the drug inside the cancel cell, killing the cell, and thwarting metastasis,» said Maurizio Pellecchia, a professor of biomedical sciences at UCR's School of Medicine who led the research.

When similar analysis was performed on the db mice, it was found that the disrupted db gene was responsible for encoding a protein that functions as a leptin receptor: When it binds circulating leptin at the cell surface, it sets in motion a biochemical cascade inside the cell.

Researchers also noticed that epitopes included clusters of T cell receptors that shared key similarities as well as less similar «outlier» receptors.

Peptides can bind to targets on a cell (usually receptors or enzymes that are themselves proteins) and so regulate cellular functions such as nutrient uptake or communication between cells.

Thomas speculated that as many as 10 percent of T cell receptors are outliers that help the immune system recognize and rapidly respond to mutations that might otherwise help virus - infected cells and other threats delay detection.

For some years now, a new class of drugs called antibody - drug conjugates (ADCs) have been used, which work in two ways: they consist of an antibody that binds selectively to the tumor cell receptor and interrupts the signal to propagate; they also act as a transport vehicle for a chemical substance that enters the cancer cells with the antibody and triggers their death.

The tools included TCRdist, which researchers used to calculate the similarity and differences of key features of T cell receptors, such as amino acid sequences in important regions for antigen recognition.

Each person can have about 100 million different receptors, referred to as their T cell repertoire, with little overlap even in identical twins.

The team found that these cells react to nickel when a group of receptors known as Toll - like receptors (TLRs) are present.

Since genes for the T - cell receptor beta chain were previously shown to be on mouse chromosome 6, all three of the Ig - like multigene families expressed and rearranged in T cells are located on different chromosomes, just as are the B - cell multigene families for the Ig heavy chain, and the Ig kappa and lambda light chains.

If the three - dimensional structures of the herb elements are elucidated, and a database of them can be established, it may facilitate computer - assisted imitation of docking between the herb element and physiologically important cell membrane proteins such as receptors, ion channels, and transporters.

As SNX27 plays an important role in shuttling the AMPA - receptor to the brain cell surface, lower levels of SNX27 means fewer receptors are carried to the surface, which consequently interrupts the signal transmission and impairs memory.

Previous studies have found that brown fat can be coaxed into action by activating the β3 - adrenergic receptor, which is expressed on the surfaces of brown and white fat cells, as well as on cells of the urinary bladder and other tissues.

Besides docking to white blood cell receptors called CD4, the scientists found that HIV also enters cells via receptors — such as CCR5 — normally reserved for immune messengers called chemokines.

What they discovered was that an inflammatory factor known as TGF - beta (transforming growth factor - beta) can give cancer cells properties of immune cells by supplying the surface of the cancer cell with a receptor that normally only exists on the white blood cells that travel through the lymphatic system.

Using this strategy, researchers can engineer specific cells to produce a surface receptor that binds to a chemical compound known as CNO, a derivative of clozapine.

In a report on the study, published Feb. 5 in Nature Neuroscience, researchers say the biochemical receptor, known as a G protein - coupled receptor, was present on nerve cells in the lower respiratory tracts of lab mice.

To acquire new insights into the biology and possible therapy of these tumors, Feigin et al. looked for aberrant expression of G protein — coupled receptors, cell signaling proteins that have been successfully targeted for treatment of other disorders such as depression.

Now, scientists from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania reveal that the release of AMPs is partially controlled by bitter taste receptors in the upper airway on a cell previously identified in animals and only recently in humans known as solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs).

The drug blocks CTLA - 4, a protein receptor on the surface of T - cells that serves as a molecular stop sign, preventing the immune system from going into overdrive.

Using fluorescent antibodies designed specifically to light up the receptor in mice, the investigators observed it on vagus nerves, which serve as a main biochemical connection between airway cells and the brain.

Most cancer vaccines developed to date have been designed to recognize and attack a specific known molecule — such as a cell - surface receptor — that is likely to be found on cancerous cells in any patient with that type of tumor.

Zhao, Chen and colleagues found that these gastrin - dependent peptide receptor - expressing cells also express a type of serotonin receptor known as the 1A receptor.

In this study, the researchers found that a specific population of immune cells called macrophages have the ability to secrete or produce a protective or healing factor known as Interleukin - 10 (IL - 10), which can interact with receptors on intestinal epithelial cells to promote wound healing.

GLP - 1 receptors are also found in the brain, and prior research has shown that activating them can boost the function of dopamine connections, act as an anti-inflammatory, improve energy production, and switch on cell survival signals.

On encountering the TB bacillus, receptors on immune - system scavenger cells known as macrophages stimulate the conversion of circulating vitamin D to its active form, which produces a peptide that destroys the bacillus.

The LPA receptor is expressed in the brain of human fetuses, just as in mice, and in the same types of neural progenitor cells.

The receptor is believed to inhibit the ability of immune cells to autodestruct when they have outlived their usefulness, resulting in higher concentrations of proinflammatory signals (such as TNF) in the intestines of IBD patients.

The control mice, with all genes intact, should have lost sight as photo - receptors — the light - sensitive cells in the retina — died.

Yonju Ha, a lead author of this article, said that further studies on this receptor and its role in white blood cell recruitment following tissue injury may aid in the development of new interventions for diseases associated with nerve injury, such as TON, stroke, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

In normal cell function messenger chemicals, such as various growth factors and insulin, bind to protein receptors on the cell's surface.

The key discovery made by the CSHL team is that FER is able to activate a receptor on the surface of ovarian cells «from below,» as it were — by interacting with a portion of the receptor that penetrates the cell membrane and plunges into the cytoplasm.

In order to achieve this, the scientists genetically designed truncations of the toxin and the LSR receptor as well as cells without LSR.

When BPA hits cell receptors, it is as powerful as estradiol, the most potent estrogen in humans.

Antril, which is classified as an interleukin - 1 receptor antagonist, occupies the site on cells lining blood vessels where interleukin - 1 docks before it triggers an immune response.

It is comprised of lipid signaling molecules called endocannabinoids — which can be thought of as the body's own «natural cannabis» — that bind to cannabinoid receptors located on cells throughout the body.

The ability to track markers inside and outside a cell simultaneously, and to map them atop images showing the cell's shape, is also helping researchers study the metabolic effects of signaling molecules, such as G - protein - coupled receptors.

As part of this system, two enzymes called Rag1 and Rag2 cut apart and rearrange DNA within immune cells, helping to create the body's millions of unique antibodies and T cell receptors — each specific for a particular microbe.

Around 70 % of all cases of breast cancer are oestrogen - receptor positive, meaning that the cancer cells have a particular protein (known as a receptor) that responds to the female sex hormone oestrogen, enabling the tumour to grow.

At that point, physicians switch to other drugs, such as enzalutamide, which block testosterone's ability to bind to receptors within prostate cancer cells.

In laboratory studies reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the researchers found that these «neutralizing» antibodies prevented a key part of the virus, known as MERS CoV, from attaching to protein receptors that allow the virus to infect human cells.

Known as the phosphatidylserine receptor, or PSR - 1, the molecule can locate and clear out apoptotic cells that are pre-programmed to die as well as necrotic cells that have been injured and are causing inflammation, said CU - Boulder Professor Ding Xue, who led one study and co-authored the other.