Sentences with phrase «cell specific transcription factors»

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Berninger and others have previously shown that Sox2, Ascl1, and other transcription factors — proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to control the activity of genes — can induce the nonneuronal «support cells» known as glia to turn into neurons.

However, each time a cell divides the specific binding pattern of the transcription factors is erased and has to be restored in both mother and daughter cells.

Glk1 is a transcription factor, meaning it binds to specific regions of DNA and activates genes involved in cell death and other plant immune responses.

Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct - 2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell - specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.

«Our research revealed how small RNA molecules can work with other cell signals called transcription factors to generate specific types of neurons, in this case motor neurons.

Previously, in the region that controls the function of the transcription factor that promotes differentiation from ES cells to a specific cell type, bivalent modifications of histones such as the accelerator and brake histone marks for transcription were thought to have coexisted.

What they found was that when they overexpress transcription factors that drive the specification of specific subtypes of neurons in other cells in C. elegans, these do not by themselves cause the cell to convert into neurons.

The team then asked this minimal model set to predict whether knockdown of a specific transcription factor would maintain the stem cell state or prompt differentiation.

So what we think is that probably in many cells in this section, all cells, the chromatin is encountered in a specific state, and in order to render the cell is permissive to reprogramming, you have to overcome these certain epigenetic modifications that block, for example, the binding of Ascl1 to its target chains, or the binding of other transcription factors to its target chains, then this way interfere with the possibility of reprogramming.

CHiP - Seq data show that cell - type - specific promoters are enriched for cell - type - specific transcription factors.

Finally, I will show how we have combined our results to generate a model of hematopoietic differentiation where specific transcription factors control lineage regulatory regions; our model predicts many already known lineage - controlling factors as well as finds new potential regulators of hematopoietic differentiation such as ATF3 in monocytes and Tcf7l2 and Runx2 in NK cells.

In response to signals from inside and outside cells, transcription factors attach to the DNA and cause specific genes to be more or less activated, producing more or less of the corresponding protein.

Each cell fate is characterized by a regulatory network of factors, typically transcription factors that maintain a specific state through reciprocal feedback interactions.

Found that muscle - specific histone methyltransferases and microRNAs regulate the activity of Hand2, a transcription factor essential for ventricle formation and more recently showed that microRNAs can efficiently guide stem cell fate decisions.

A famous example of how transcription factor expression can be used to alter a cell's identity is the creation of iPSCs, where adult cells were forced to express transcription factors normally expressed in ESCs, which made the adult cells express genes specific to ESCs, and consequently become nearly identical to ESCs.

In addition, well - characterized expression profiles for melanoma cells have been identified that correlate highly proliferative cell states with increased expression for pathways regulated by the lineage - specific transcription factors SOX10 and MITF; conversely, migratory / invasive cell states have been correlated with TGFβ1 signaling pathways.

ES cells can be described based on a characteristic morphology, the presence of cell surface markers such as SSEA - 1 and Pecam1, or the expression of the key transcription factors such as Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and a number of ES cell - specific transcripts (ECATs)[4]--[6].

The 1500 transcription factors (TFs) within the human genome perform a key role in determining the set of active genes within a specific cell, as well as the magnitude of activity.

These 45 variants are significantly enriched for protein - coding changes (n = 13), direct disruption of transcription - factor binding sites (n = 3), and tissue - specific epigenetic marks (n = 10), with the last category showing enrichment in specific immune cells among associations stronger in Crohn's disease and in gut mucosa among associations stronger in ulcerative colitis.

Bivalent marking of loci encoding lineage specific transcription factors in ES cells is thought to prepare these genes for rapid activation of transcription once the pluripotency network is extinguished [4].

The FunGenES database provides such a template with a number of tools including Animation of KEGG Pathways, Expression Waves, Time Series, Specific Gene Classes, such as ESTs and transcription factors, and searches for the expression pattern of any gene or transcript during ES cell differentiation using standard gene names and IDs.

To be more specific, we searched for transcription factors that were changed in NSCs after exposure to amiodarone HCl but showed no change in differentiated cells after treatment with equivalent amounts of the drug.

Specifically, we have generated clusters of transcripts that behave the same way under the entire spectrum of the sixty - seven experimental conditions; we have assembled genes in groups according to their time of expression during successive days of ES cell differentiation; we have included expression profiles of specific gene classes such as transcription regulatory factors and Expressed Sequence Tags; transcripts have been arranged in «Expression Waves» and juxtaposed to genes with opposite or complementary expression patterns; we have designed search engines to display the expression profile of any transcript during ES cell differentiation; gene expression data have been organized in animated graphs of KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways; and finally, we have incorporated advanced functional annotations for individual genes or gene clusters of interest and links to microarray and genomic resources.

Our work indicates that only a small fraction of the population resides at the top of the hierarchy, that lineage priming (co-expression of stem cell and lineage specific genes) characterizes pluripotent stem cell populations, and that extrinsic signaling pathways are upstream of transcription factor networks that control pluripotency.

Cell identity is specified by the coordinated action of transcription factors, which bind to specific DNA regulatory sequences and turn gene expression on.