Sentences with phrase «cell stress responses»

The effects of cold water immersion and active recovery on inflammation and cell stress responses in human skeletal muscle after resistance exercise.

Autophagy is known to be one of the major cell stress responses.

Not exact matches

These new cells tend to damp down our stress response.

Baier looked at the genetic mutations in the «frozen» fish and found one in the glucocorticoid receptor, a protein that is found in almost every cell and that senses cortisol — a hormone involved in the stress response.

Q: Is there some connection to be made between the responses of cells encountering stress or injury versus a whole person?

Inflammation in response to the Salmonella stressed the pathogens themselves, and the resulting damage promoted bacteriophage replication, followed by rupture of the bacterial cell wall and release of the bacteriophages.

Images from a mouse study show the male brain (top) has many more cells in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, an area that regulates anxiety and response to stress.

They showed that ZIKV infection of cortical progenitors (stem cells for cortical neurons) controlling neurogenesis triggers a stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (where some of the cellular proteins and lipids are synthetized) in the embryonic brain, inducing signals in response to incorrect protein con - formation (referred to as «unfolded protein response»).

Further animal studies by Kipnis and others show that learning new tasks triggers a mild stress response within the brain, which prompts CD4 cells to rally to the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain.

Here, they release IL - 4, which both switches off the stress response and tells brain cells called astrocytes to release brain - derived neurotrophic factor, a protein that enhances learning (Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol 207, p 1067).

But severe or prolonged stress produces an acute response: Cell death is triggered to protect the organism.

«A healthy cell has one type of stress response network wiring and it's likely that a diseased cell accommodates that wiring to survive,» said Acosta - Alvear, an assistant professor in UCSB's Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology.

In separate experiments, when Rab32 rises in response to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, several things happen: The nerve cell fibers (both axons and the message - receiving dendrites) are shorter, mitochondria are bulkier than normal and their numbers spike.

«Stress response networks control the life vs. death decision in cells, and since a diseased cell is nowhere near its comfort zone, rewiring its stress responses allows it to avoid or delay cell death even when conditions are adStress response networks control the life vs. death decision in cells, and since a diseased cell is nowhere near its comfort zone, rewiring its stress responses allows it to avoid or delay cell death even when conditions are adstress responses allows it to avoid or delay cell death even when conditions are adverse.

In this study, the researchers noted that conventional approaches to modifying organisms to consume novel nutrients constitutively (i.e. with no «off switch») can lead to inefficiencies when the nutrient metabolic pathways are not linked to downstream pathways for stress - responses, cell growth and other functions important for the health of the organism.

The researchers also examined BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines, and found that BRAF inhibition induced autophagy by way of an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response.

In a study published today in Cell Metabolism, UT Southwestern researchers identify a hormone that acts on the brain to increase the desire to drink water in response to specific nutrient stresses that can cause dehydration.

Phosphorylation of PERK (P - PERK), indicative of ER stress and activation of the unfolded protein response, is evident in ß - cells.

Pancreas tissue from acutely sleep - deprived aged animals exhibited a marked increase in CHOP, a protein associated with cell death, suggesting a maladaptive response to cellular stress with age that was amplified by sleep deprivation.

In an accompanying paper in the same issue of Cell, Dillin also reports that stressing neurons in the brain makes them release a hormone, serotonin, that sends alert messages throughout the body that the brain cells are under attack, setting off a similar stress response in cells far from the brain.

The researchers were surprised to find that knockdown of one specific mitochondrial chaperone, mtHSP70, elicited a unique stress response mediated by fat accumulation, resulting in improved protein folding in the interior or cytosol of the cell.

For example, in response to extreme stress, such as starvation, most of the individual cells in a colony of the bacteria Bacillus subtilis will form spores.

Drugs that activate this novel stress response pathway, which they call the mitochondrial - to - cytosolic stress response, protected both nematodes and cultured human cells with Huntington's disease from protein - folding damage.

«Untangling the knots in cell stress: Study sheds new light on unfolded protein response.»

An over-burdened — or «stressed» — ER can result in proteins becoming disorganized, a condition which cells seek to rectify by undertaking «unfolded protein response», or UPR.

«Anything that stresses the cells should result in overproduction of whatever they produce in response to that stress,» he adds.

Like other cells, cancer cells boost their production of HSPs in response to stress, but whether they use HSF1 to call the shots wasn't certain.

In a new study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, researchers found that inosine, a naturally occurring purine nucleoside that is released by cells in response to metabolic stress, can help to restore motor control after brain injury.

There is a lot known about how plant and animal cells respond to extreme heat stress, but not much was known about their response to ambient heat or how they regulate their response to heat between day and night.»

The researchers showed that ABA concentration changes and waves of ABA movement could be monitored in diverse tissues and individual cells over time and in response to stress.

In 2013, the lab of Peter Walter, a biochemist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), discovered a compound — called ISRIB — that blocked the stress response in human cells in a dish.

Researchers have successfully used human stem cells to generate functional pituitary tissue that secretes hormones important for the body's stress response as well as for its growth and reproductive functions.

A study led by researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago points blame at a regulatory molecule in cells called TRIP - Br2 that is produced in response to overeating's stress on the machinery cells use to produce proteins.

Protein aggregates that form after a cell is exposed to high, non-lethal temperatures appear to be part of an organized response to stress, and not the accumulation of damaged proteins en route to destruction.

Immediately after the subjects viewed the slide shows, researchers drew their blood, exposed each sample to bacteria and then measured the levels of a substance known as interleukin - 6 (IL - 6), which is secreted by white blood cells as a response to stress or trauma.

Ever wonder how biologists use RNA sequencing from cytoplasm to decode a cell's stress response?

«And this allows the cells to regulate a vast number of genes, which then allows it to better adapt and survive in response to starvation and stress.»

The third parameter — the spatial distribution of NADH in the cells — shows how the mitochondria split and fuse in response to cellular growth and stress.

Importantly, Zika virus also follows the same pattern of cellular behavior of repressing the cell's translation and stress response while promoting its own protein translation.

When enough RAP molecules adhere to enough target molecules, staph bacteria switch on their cell - to - cell communication and stress - response systems and begin producing the toxin that makes them so lethal.

Hatton said exposure to chronic stress has long been associated with biological weathering and premature aging, linked, for example, to oxidative and mitochondrial damage in cells, impaired immune system response and genomic changes.

Although transforming white fat cells into beige fat cells and increasing thermogenesis is naturally a stress response to chronic cold exposure involving adrenaline, researchers report that the same white - to - beige fat cell transition can be caused without adrenaline or cold stress.

Other immune cells, the specific killer cells, which are also known as CD8 + T cells and multiply prodigiously and mature in response to an infection, can also exhibit stress symptoms and thereby potentially end up on the NK cells» hit list.

According to Whitehead Institute researchers, protein production or translation is tightly coupled to a highly conserved stress response — the heat shock response and its primary regulator, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-- that cancer cells rely on for survival and proliferation.

From yeast to worms to humans, this stress response and its primary regulator, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), help normal cells adapt to harsh environments, including the presence of heavy metals, high salt concentrations, low oxygen levels, and of course increased temperatures.

Response of single bacterial cells to stress gives rise to complex history dependence at the population level.

Taken together, the findings suggest that elevating SRC activity beyond the already high levels present in cancer cells further pressures their maximized stress response system and selectively kills them.

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — Protein production or translation is tightly coupled to a highly conserved stress response that cancer cells rely on for survival and proliferation, according to Whitehead Institute researchers.

How Huntington's disease causes wasting In an accompanying paper in the same issue of Cell, Dillin also reports that stressing neurons in the brain makes them release a hormone, serotonin, that sends alert messages throughout the body that the brain cells are under attack, setting off a similar stress response in cells far from the brain.

He has uncovered novel molecular mechanisms that govern cell growth and proliferation in response to oxidative and nutritional stress.