Sentences with phrase «cell surface so»

In summary, insulin, a true AS160 can allow GLUT4 transporters to be activated, brought to the cell surface so that glucose uptake can be activated and increase so that glucose can enter the cell.

In particular, it has evolved to show itself three to nine months after infection, allowing its own destruction by displaying antigens on its cell surfaces so the dog's immune system can destroy it.

Not exact matches

After all, Panasonic has already been mass producing the older form factor 18650 cells for Model S and Model X for quite some time so any production challenges would have surfaced in the past.

In my cell biology course, we investigate the biology and chemistry of a cell surface receptor that helps induce good feelings in us when it binds to a chemical compound found in incense; this may help explain why so many different cultures and religions have independently evolved the use of incense in their ceremonies and rituals.

Vitamin A also maintains epithelial cells, which are responsible for keeping body surfaces healthy so that they can act as barriers to infection.

Further study revealed that these so - called immune proteins are actually present on the surface of certain nerve cells, but that they functioned differently in the brain than they did in the rest of the body; rather than scouting for germs, they influenced signals sent between neurons.

Now, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have shown, in mice, that the virus infects a rare type of intestinal cell called a tuft cell, so named because each cell sports a cluster of hairlike extensions on its surface.

The protein, called Eppin, has been found so far on the surface of sperm cells and elsewhere in the testes and epididymis.

Here, three mouse neurons are each tinted a different color, so that the surfaces of their cell bodies, dendrites, and axons are visible.

Scientists create compounds called «correctors» to fix the CFTR proteins so that proper amounts transit to the cell surface where they can serve as chloride channels to help maintain a well - hydrated airway.

A caveat of the study is that the gel does not exactly replicate the microenvironment inside the body, so it's not clear whether stem cells behave differently on the designed gel surfaces.

So his team looked for cells with vasa still on their surface in human ovarian tissue.

2) Protein binds to CD3 receptor on helper T cell, activating it so the helper T cell starts making HIV and displaying pieces of virus (red) on its surface.

The same compound promotes the growth of tooth tissue called dentine — a protective material between the sensitive pulp inside a tooth and the enamel on its surface — so Cohen believes that the type of tissue formed partly depends on the neighbouring cells.

So Welham's team set out to engineer vocal fold mucosae in the lab using the two main cell types that make up the tissue — connective fibroblasts, which form the main body, and epithelial cells, which line the surface.

The cells can be produced so that they appear light gray, green or brown, and so can blend with the color and design features of buildings and surfaces.

The rheumatoid arthritis drug, an anti-inflammatory, physically binds to cadherin - 11 (CDH - 11) on the surface of cells so that they can't bind together.

These convective surface motions average only a few centimeters a year — about as fast as your fingernails grow — which means cells recycle their surfaces every 500,000 years or so.

A pancreatic cancer vaccine could be made of whole pancreatic cancer cells, treated so they can't replicate, but modified to present certain molecules on the surface of those cells.

They found that the mutated G1 and G2 variant did so particularly well on what's known as a receptor on the surface of kidney cells, in this case the suPAR activated receptor alphavbeta3 integrin.

«Based on our study, it appears plant cells need both a high density of the enzymes that create cellulose, and their rapid movement across the cell surface, to make this happen so quickly.»

The actin responds by growing longer, and then attaches itself to the virus, still sitting on the surface of the cell, as a so - called «actin tail».

Research groups in Munich, Essen, and Brussels have now detected a highly specific and exceptionally strong variant of this adhesion, in which the bacterial surface molecule HopQ binds itself to so - called «Carcinoembryonic Antigen - Related Cell Adhesion Molecules,» or CEACAMs for short, inside the stomach.

When the mucosal surfaces in the lungs of healthy people come into contact with allergenic substances, so - called regulatory T cells also known as Treg cells, are activated.

Those that lie near the cell surface, for instance, can expect to encounter lots of environmental stress, so the cell has evolved to tolerate the loss of some of them.

After removing the effects of solar rotation and accounting for the angle of view of areas not facing directly toward Earth, the researchers could discern the so - called giant cell flow patterns (material moving east is depicted in red, that moving toward the west in blue), which cause supergranules to slowly drift across the surface of the sun.

The surprising discovery made by the Dresden - based researchers: two components in the stem cell environment — the extracellular matrix and thyroid hormones — work together with a protein molecule found on the stem cell surface, a so - called integrin.

However, they do so less readily and must be able to overcome the repulsion between themselves and the cell surface.

«The neat thing about this is that the functionality of the polymers grown on the surface of the bacteria is programmed by the cells so that they can recognise their own «kind».

Electron microscopy of the inner and outer surfaces of bacterial cells gives some clues, and crystallography — a process that involves stacking purified proteins into crystals so that their three - dimensional characteristics can be measured — provides others.

«Making the movements of HIV visible so that we can follow, in real time, how surface proteins on the virus behave will hopefully tell us what we need to know to prevent fusion with human cells — if you can prevent viral entry of HIV into immune cells, you have won,» says Dr. Blanchard, who is also associate director of Weill Cornell's chemical biology program.

The team's computer simulation of the glacierlike flow within each mass suggests that the surface ice moves horizontally at no more than a few centimeters each year, which nevertheless is quick enough to totally resurface each polygonal cell every 500,000 years or so.

An injection of SLex into the bloodstream should block the E-selectin on the surface of the blood vessels and so hide the chemical message that alerts the white blood cells.

These spheres are then treated so that their surfaces are coated with the anticancer drug TRAIL, which is most effective at attacking the cell membranes of cancer cells.

The nanoparticle has interleukin 2 on its surface, so when the protein is around it acts as a switch, a contact with the cancer cell to bind to the receptor and to carry out its biological action.

«The tilted - angle standing surface acoustic waves method has the least disturbance or disruption to the living cells being separated compared to other available methods so far,» said Ming Dao, principal research scientist, materials science and engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The photovoltaic cells are virtually transparent because they are so thin and also because they are distributed around a surface that contains «a plurality of active photovoltaic zones that are separated by transparent zones,» according to a 2014 patent filing.

The explanation: Heat caused the HEV cells to express on their surface higher levels of two so - called «homing» molecules, ICAM - 1 and CCL21, which make lymphocytes tightly adhere to the HEV cells.

The protein LecA on the surface of the bacteria binds to sugar on special lipid molecules, so - called Gb3 lipids, which are present in the outer membrane of human cells.

To overcome the problem of visualizing chromatin in an intact nucleus, O'Shea's team screened a number of candidate dyes, eventually finding one that could be precisely manipulated with light to undergo a complex series of chemical reactions that would essentially «paint» the surface of DNA with a metal so that its local structure and 3D polymer organization could be imaged in a living cell.

Steve: So the understanding of the water transport mechanism within cells — I don't know if I should call it within — on the surface cells...

The outer layer of the gobstopper is a stealth layer; much as in the technique used by Doxil and other first - generation nanodrugs, its surface attracts water molecules, so the particle can avoid notice by the body's patrolling immune cells.

Existing vaccination methods depend on stimulating the body's immune system, so that white blood cells produce antibodies that attach to the surface of the virus and start the process of killing it.

A study from Dr. Dusty Miller's laboratory indicates that Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) infects both sheep and human cells cultured outside the body and does so by attaching to a receptor on the surface of lung cells.

Luckily, different cell types tend to have different things on their surfaces, which play particular parts in their specialized roles in the tissue, so it is a matter of identifying and targeting cell - surface markers that are specific to these abnormal cell types.

«The surfaces mesh perfectly, so that the toxin is juxtaposed very near the membrane in preparation for translocation into the cell.

Fresh porcine retinal tissue was dissected, orientated on a 0.45 mm filter with the photoreceptor cell surface uppermost and placed on top of the iPS - RPE monolayer so that outer segments were adjacent to the RPE.

The development of a standardized method to express large panels of P. falciparum cell surface and secreted proteins in their native conformation would enable comprehensive protein libraries to be systematically screened in parallel so that direct comparisons between antigens can be made in functional assays such as vaccine screening and immuno - epidemiology studies.

(A) Different biomolecules on the surface of prepared silver nanoparticles (linker not shown); (B) in cell culture media the nanoparticle - water interface is composed of ligands and ions but also of proteins, the so - called protein corona.

In the new field of immunotherapy, for example, we want to use molecules to bind to the surface of an immune cell and activate that cell so it attacks cancer.