Sentences with phrase «cell type effects»

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Choose an obstetrician or health care provider Interview potential doctors Contact health insurance company about coverage Start and pregnancy and birth budget Discuss financial effects of pregnancy and baby with partner Stop smoking Stop drinking Stop using street drugs Talk to your physician about any prescription medications Drink at least 8 glasses of water every day Visit the doctor at least once per month or every 4 weeks Do not dye or perm hair Stop drinking coffee and other caffeinated beverages Exercise daily Start taking prenatal vitamins Eat foods rich in folic acid Eat iron rich foods Increase daily intake of whole grains, fruits and vegetables Nap as much as possible as fatigue is common Eat fish with low levels of mercury no more than 2 days per week Do not eat undercooked meats Do not eat unpasteurized dairy producs Do not eat cold cut deli meats Allow someone else to clean out the kitty litter, if applicable Limit exposure to chemicals Try to limit stress and tension Complete all prenatal tests — HIV, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Anemia, Blood Typing, Sickle Cell Anemia, Urine Screening and Rubella.

The researchers collected samples of indoor dust from 11 homes in North Carolina and tested extracts from the samples in a mouse pre-adipocyte cell model, 3T3 - L1 cells, often used to test compounds for potential effects on the accumulation of triglycerides, a type of fat.

One advantage of this method is that it only activates a certain type of immune cell, the dendritic cell or T - cell, and only in one part of the body, near the draining lymph nodes or tumor, which helps cut down on the system - wide side effects often seen with chemotherapy.

Frequent, low - dose chemotherapy regimens avoid this effect and may therefore be more effective at treating certain types of breast and pancreatic cancer, according to the murine study «Metronomic chemotherapy prevents therapy - induced stromal activation and induction of tumor - initiating cells,» which will be published online November 23 in The Journal of Experimental Medicine.

A chemical produced in the pancreas that prevented and even reversed Type 1 diabetes in mice had the same effect on human beta cells transplanted into mice, new research has found.

Ozanne says that similar ageing effects have been identified in beta cells from people with type 2 diabetes, but she adds that her team have yet to prove this is linked to poor maternal diet in humans.

Previous research had shown that nicotine seems to have conflicting effects on different types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, proteins on the surface of brain cells that respond to nicotine and the naturally occurring neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

In preliminary safety tests, the researchers found no harmful effects in four types of human cells, or in rats.

All 10 patients who received the CTL119 cells experienced mild cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a known potentially lethal type of toxicity, within a few days after receiving their infusions; however, none required treatment with tocilizumab, an immunosuppressant drug that blocks the effects of the inflammatory cytokine IL - 6.

«This study extends the narrative that many of the effects of disease - related genetic variation are specific to a certain context, such as a given immune cell type,» said Barbara Stranger, PhD, University of Chicago, senior study author.

When they found a good candidate that could deliver genes to rat brain cancer cells, they filled the nanoparticles with DNA encoding an enzyme, herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSVtk), which turns a compound with little effect into a potent therapy that kills brain cancer cells.

This makes them easier to control than other types of cells used in therapies and makes side effects unlikely.

This could be a good way to test new types of drugs that target cancer cells specifically and spare patients the side effects from treatments if they are not working.»

On the flipside, targeting this growth factor or BCL - 2 could reduce NK cell numbers and offer potential therapies for immune disorders such as some types of autoimmune diseases, sepsis or graft versus host disease, a side effect of bone marrow transplants.

Using juvenile and adolescent mice, Jeffrey Edwards and colleagues investigated the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the chemical in marijuana responsible for its effects on cognition and behavior, on VTA GABA cells, an understudied inhibitory cell type in the reward system that regulates dopamine levels.

Almost every woman is a mixture of two genetically different types of cell, and sometimes these cells can come into conflict with dramatic effect.

The current study revealed that amlexanox exerts its effects through a specialized type of fat cell by increasing the level of a second messenger molecule called cAMP.

Though most of these proteins are present in multiple root cell types, the researchers found, their statistical models and experiments in living plants suggest the combined effect is to activate the Short - root master switch in some cells but not others.

The current study found that Tregs have their effect by keeping a second cell type, dendritic cells, from activating a third cell type, CD8 + T cells, which would otherwise kill cancer cells.

«Further studies are needed to understand the connections we're uncovering and the roles of these proteins, but we're clearly seeing evidence that these genetic variants have an effect in this type of immune cell.»

«In TSC, we know that in different cell types, the mutation causes different effects.»

To test whether the childhood infection and stem cell depletion had any effect on the adult heart, the researchers exposed infected mice to two different types of cardiac stress.

«Our new type of treatment only targets metastatic tissue, which enables us to avoid some of conventional chemotherapy's unwanted side effects,» said Zhao, who is a member of the Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center at UCI.

These latter two cell types can mount effective immune responses to viruses and tumors; whereas, exhausted T cells fail and memory T cells, in particular, for long - lasting durable effects.

The researchers went on to identify the immune networks underlying IL - 33's harmful effects and discovered that this molecule activates immune cells called type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), which had never before been linked to liver disease.

The devastating effects of low numbers of just one type of T - cell are all too evident in HIV / AIDS.

Previous studies have shown that a special type of cortical interneurons, called basket cells, exerts a strongly inhibitory effect on brain circuits.

Understanding these effects quantitatively is important in order to develop this promising family of materials for potential applications including new types of low - energy computer memory and processing devices, electrically based refrigeration, and electro - catalytic energy - conversion devices such as fuel cells.

When the team monitored the vaccine's effects on the immune system in each patient, they found that both T cell types had indeed been activated by the vaccine and could recognize the neoantigens bound to HLA molecules.

They're also interested in exploring the effect of other types of infertility - associated mutations on germ cell production.

In a quickly executed study that reflects the global public health threat posed by Zika, the researchers compared Zika's effect on cells known as cortical neural progenitor cells to two other cell types: induced pluripotent stem cells and immature neurons.

Thus, treatment with X4 - ZFNs of both wild - type and ccr5Δ32 CD4 + T cells confers stable cxcr4 disruption and a marked survival advantage in the presence of R5X4 - HIV and X4 - HIV in vitro without any detectable effect on cell growth or viability in the absence of HIV.

Of course, these mammalian vectors must be compatible with the cell type they are tranfected into — a bacterial origin of replication (ORI) will not allow for plasmid replication in mammalian cells, for example, and a toxin that kills bacteria may not have any discernable effect on mammalian cells.

g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. (1930 ---RRB- Garuda gas gas chromatography gas constant gas giant gas laws gas - bounded nebula gaseous nebula gaseous propellant gaseous - propellant rocket engine gasoline Gaspra (minor planet 951) Gassendi, Pierre (1592 — 1655) gastric juice gastrin gastrocnemius gastroenteritis gastrointestinal tract gastropod gastrulation Gatewood, George D. (1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow - On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)

Immunotherapy tries to reset our immune response to recognise these hijacker cancer cells but these types of untargeted therapies have many side effects.

They then examined the effect of a chemical that inhibits SRF and found that glucose uptake rates increased in both mice and human cells — and that the effects were greater in cells from patients who were insulin resistant or had type 2 diabetes.

While CRISPR / Cas9 is a powerful technique for genome manipulation, two significant challenges remain: obtaining efficient delivery of the Cas9 / sgRNA complex to all cell types, and leaving no additional footprint (i.e., persistent and elevated expression of Cas9 in target cells) that could lead to off - target effects.

Goulding's lab studies the immediate and downstream effects of neuronal cell loss, such as ongoing changes to spared neurons or to other cell types that make up the circuit, and determines how they adapt to the loss of a particular neuronal cell type.

The researchers plan to study the loop structure and placement in other types of differentiated cells, but for now, they are excited about their new appreciation of DNA structure and its effects.

Malfunctioning regulation of NF - KB has been linked to various types of cancer, including lung cancer, but due to its many functions in the cell, drugs that directly target NF - KB would likely cause severe side effects.

The functional effect of genetic variants is not a binary or a constant phenomenon, but depends on the context of the variant — including the cell type, external environment, and the genomic environment of other variants in the genome and the haplotype.

As the effects of these tools are likely cell type - and context - dependent, it may make sense to try multiple CRISPR tools when setting up your experimental system.

Due to its cell killing effect, radiation therapy is widely used as a primary source of treatment for numerous types of cancers.

This is already underway for a compound whose corrective effect was observed in cells carrying a mutation responsible for myotonic dystrophy type I.

The study's co-first authors Caroline Gallant and Spyros Darmanis highlight the ability of their approach to finely identify the differential effects of drug therapy on cell types that up to now have been difficult to distinguish.

While previous studies had demonstrated a synergistic effect of BMP and LIF on the astrocytic differentiation of human neural stem cells [15], it remains unclear whether BMP and LIF induce distinct types of astrocytes and if so, what the functional properties of these astrocytes may be with respect to repairing CNS injuries.

The changes require epigenetically - effected nutrient - dependent RNA - mediated amino acid substitutions that differentiate cell types.

These effects appear to be linked to progranulin's involvement in phagocytosis, a type of cellular house - keeping whereby cells «eat» other dead cells, debris, and large molecules.

How can blocking the same pathway have the opposite effect in two different types of cells?

However, it has been difficult to pinpoint which genetic changes are truly relevant to disease, or in what specific cell types the genetic variation has the largest effect on one's health.