Researchers should be able to cultivate iPS cells into
cell types they want to study — for example, dopamine neurons in the case of Parkinson's or pancreatic cells for diabetes — and find out where and how they go wrong.
How do you get the different
cell types you want or get them to grow at the rate you want?
The other big question concerns the cellular target or which
cell type you want to reprogram.
Not exact matches
Monica knew from the start that he
wanted to use a different
type of foam than the black, open -
celled polyurethane that is standard among competitor models.
We
wanted to understand what
types of differences are always there, what is causing them, and what they mean,» says Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, a professor in Salk's Gene Expression Laboratory and co-senior author, with Kelly Frazer of the University of California, San Diego, on the new paper, which was published in
Cell Stem
Cell in April 2017.
«We
want to start looking system by system to see how widely acting this process is on different
types of
cells,» he says.
Ideally, we
want to create transition media formulations that subtly change during
cell type specialization, mimicking the human embryo.»
That was sort of surprising, because neurobiologists
wanted to believe that neurons were the highest, most complicated
types of
cells.»
«We
want to make an active miRNA dictionary for each
cell type, so that if we
want to isolate this kind of
cell type, we know how to use this kind of switch,» he said.
But they still
want to be able to do cloning, otherwise know as somatic
cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), because embryonic
cells are the «gold standard» for pluripotent
cells —
cells that can become any
cell type in the body.
The researchers also
wanted to revisit the Trojan horse hypothesis, to see if, as had been proposed, infected monocytes, a
type of immune
cell, might be responsible for carrying the parasite into the brain.
If edible beef is the goal, you don't
want any hoof or fur mixed in with it, but as of now, scientists can not consistently control what
type of
cells are produced.
«If we
want to treat patients with liver disease, we only
want to silence targets in the liver, not other
cell types.»
«Going forward, we
want to investigate the environmental factors — particularly the nutrient conditions — that cause different adipose
cell types to grow,» explains biophysicist Dr. Matthias Meier.
Because many different
types of
cells are active in the liver, the researchers now
want to populate the reactor with various combinations of
cells.
«We
wanted to understand how the monarch is processing these different
types of information to yield this constant behavior — flying southwest each fall,» said Shlizerman, who is lead author on the team's recent paper in the journal
Cell Reports.
«We
want to perturb and monitor individual
cell types in highly specific ways,» Brian Chow said.
Moffitt researchers
wanted to determine if it would be possible to activate the cancer - fighting properties of T
cells indirectly by targeting another
type of immune
cell called a dendritic
cell.
«We generate a pattern of an organ that we
want, creating a 3D hollowed - out structure, stick it on a piece of glass, then we can introduce a lot of different
cell types,» Gillrie says.
Agata Smogorzewska, head of the Laboratory of Genome Maintenance,
wants to understand how
cells repair interstrand cross-links, a particular
type of DNA damage in which the two strands of the double helix that normally twine about each other become physically linked.
We
want to determine as best we can the optimal
cell type and best method for human translation so that we can move ahead rationally and, with some luck, successfully.»
«We
want to know what the basic function of GATA - 3 in regulating
cell biology is, although it has been shown that GATA - 3 is important for the function of CD4 + T
cell type to clear extracellular parasites,» said Yisong Wan, PhD, assistant professor of microbiology and immunology at the UNC School of Medicine and member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
«We
want to know how this system works in all different
cell types and in plants that we are interested in for biofuels.»
The researchers, therefore,
wanted to study whether the vaccine also increased the risk of developing autoantibodies against beta
cells in the pancreas and the occurrence of
type 1 diabetes.
Loh and Chen
wanted to know what signals drive the formation of each of the mesodermally derived
cell types.
Then, if you
want only certain
types of
cells to express the protein they encode, you must add a «promoter», i.e. a small DNA sequence which regulates expression, to this gene.
Cembrowski also
wants to extend this work across the full extent of the subiculum to see if they can identify additional
cell types.
Next, the scientists
want to test which
types of memory and learning may be selected for by the activation of gatekeeper
cells.
Dula Parkinson, a research scientist at Berkeley Lab who works on the NASA - related projects, said the same sample
cell can stretch or compress a range of different materials in other
types of experiments, too: «It can work for anything you
want to crush or pull on,» he said.
So you'd
want many more
cells in a dish that are beating and with the right
cell type.
But what we
want to do is investigate how gene expression predicts
cell type!
However, for optimal results, you might
want to consider alternating between different rep ranges in order to force different
types of muscle
cells and fibers to grow.
This involves brown fat
cells, which are a good
type of fat that we definitely
want more of.
Monocytes are one
type of white blood
cell (WBC); they «eat up»
cells that your body
wants to get rid of.
If you
want to know more about Dr. Raj's innovative Stem
Cell Therapy treatment, and find out whether you are a suitable candidate for this
type of treatment, please give call us for more information.
So they changed it into TV - 14 because the kids and the fans definitely
want to see the superstars tear each other limb from limb whether it's a Hell in a
Cell, a First Blood match, any
type of match just like in ECW and FMW.
You can also experiment with the locked sliders, either by ignoring them and just
typing the values you
want into the spreadsheet's little gray
cells, or unlocking the locked sliders via the Developer tab and turning on Design Mode (Control Toolbox in Excel 2000).
Right now, the focus seems to be primarily on battery electric vehicles, which require access to a charging station to «refuel,» but there's another
type of electric car that could show some promise down the road a ways, the hydrogen fuel
cell car, and although the hydrogen infrastructure is even less built - out than the EV charging network, one company thinks they've got a unique approach to the market, in that they don't even
want to sell you the car.