Sentences with phrase «celled organism such»

Recent work also shows that some plants, such as the cabbage and mustard relative Arabidopsis, make proteins that are involved in the development and functioning of eyespots — the ultrabasic eyes found in some single - celled organisms such as green algae.

That's the goal of a consortium of 48 scientists from 50 U.S. institutions who, late last year, proposed the «Unified Microbiome Initiative» — a national effort to advance our understanding of microbiomes, communities of single - celled organisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi.

But they also often have microscopic one - cell organisms such as Coccidia and Giardia which can equally upset the digestive process.

Not exact matches

Such cells are found in organisms that can divide and differentiate into specialized cell types and can self - renew to produce more stem cells.

Biology can be designated as a science logically distinct from physics and chemistry because its heuristic field is constituted by questions directed toward whole organisms (plants and animals), cells and their «achievements» rather than toward atoms and molecules as such.

The derivative notion of «society» is essential to his metaphysics, for it serves to link his speculative conception of actual entities with entities of ordinary experience, such as material bodies and living organisms (including cells and molecules).

Due to the time frames involved in spawning generation after generation of complex creatures, such experimentation is necessarily limited to specimens with short life spans / gestational periods like bacteria, single cell organisms and fruit flies.

RS: According to the hypothesis of formative causation, outlined in my book A New Science of Life, systems such as molecules, crystals, cells, organs and organisms are organized by specific morphogenetic fields, which give them their characteristic form and organization.

For such a being is, in its body, a multicellular organism, a metazoan — to use the scientific Greek — and the egg is a single cell.

According to WebMD, «Inflammation is a process by which the body's white blood cells and substances they produce protect us from infection with foreign organisms, such as bacteria and viruses.»

Currently, I work on three directions: (1) cell motility and the cytoskeleton, (2) modeling of physiology and diseases (such as autoimmune diabetes), and (3) swarming and aggregation behaviour in social organisms.

The advent of the nucleus — which differentiates eukaryotes (organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus), including humans, from prokaryotes, such as bacteria — can not be satisfactorily explained solely by the gradual adaptation of prokaryotic cells until they became eukaryotic.

Infectious organisms trip specialized immune cells in the body and cause them to pump out proteins called cytokines, which produce inflammation and other hallmarks of infection, such as chills and fever.

The word toxicant refers to a man - made poison, such as Dursban, whereas a toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by living cells or organisms, such as spider venom.

Sequencing the genome of one such organism, King and her colleagues found genes that code for pieces of the same proteins used for the binding of cells and communication between cells in animals — functions that would be unexpected in such an organism.

If this environment is harmed by chemicals, such as through damage to gut cells, it could impact the health of the organisms and would lead to a number of fish diseases but this technique will enable us to increase the tests we can carry out and improve our understanding of how to preserve gut health.»

In contrast, prokaryotes are organisms, such as bacteria and archaea, that lack nuclei and other complex cell structures.

Some organisms, such as bacteria, are unicellular, consisting of a single cell.

Such instruments allow a human to see blood cells as well as animal sperm and single - celled organisms, including the «animalcules» that Leeuwenhoek observed.

Most are microscopic and unicellular, with a relatively simple cell structure lacking a cell nucleus, and organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts.Bacteria are the most abundant of all organisms.

Collins said that because Hydra is such a simple animal and because it is able to regenerate after complete dissociation into individual cells, it offers researchers the opportunity to use similar techniques as the ones employed in their experiments to examine how an organism develops from an unstructured group of cells into a complex body plan.

The cells of such different organisms as roundworms, flies and humans use the insulin / IGF signalling pathway.

As such, it is a process of deliberate life relinquishment by an unwanted cell in a multicellular organism.

Understanding this process - which is particularly important when cells are first taking on specialized identities such as nerve cells, muscle, skin, and so on - helps explain how complex organisms can arise from a finite number of genes.

A network of underwater cameras Rapid image capturing of microscopic organisms, such as single - celled protozoa, are adding to the collection of data that researchers are now using to create a picture of the sea change.

«Whenever we use such a technology to examine an organ or an organism, we find not only familiar cell types, but also unknown and rare ones,» says Dr. Jan Philipp Junker, head of the Quantitative Developmental Biology research group at the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC).

Thanks to the organism's creation, synthetic biologists are learning more about customizing cells, such as for development of highly effective drugs and energy alternatives to fossil fuels.

When politicians want to cut funding, he notes, they focus on specific controversial studies or areas — such as climate change, stem cells or genetically modified organisms.

Among the key elements engineers need to get an organism such as E. coli to make a protein from a synthesized gene are extra sequences such as promoters (to help the cell make RNA from DNA) and ribosome binding sites (or RBS, which the cell needs to make proteins from the RNA).

Given its extreme minuteness and the fact that it must get many essentials from both its host and resident microbes, some suggest that Tremblaya blurs the boundaries between cellular organisms and organelles, specialized structures within cells such as the energy - producing mitochondria.

Each such «second messenger» is a crucial guide for the cell, helping to determine how the cell responds to the organism's needs

The same thing might hold true for an organism's sex cells, such as pollen and eggs.

Yet, some single - celled organisms, such as the giant ciliate Stentor, have the rare ability to repair themselves when damaged, in a process referred to as «self - repair» or «self - regeneration».

But how an organism is able to create such a diversity of cells from the same genetic template and how it manages to relocate them to wherever they are needed in the body is still largely unknown.

Some single - celled organisms, such as the Ichthyosporea parasite, belong here too.

For instance, in simple organisms such as yeast, when genetic material becomes damaged, the affected DNA strands increase their motion, waving about inside the cell like a sail unfurled.

They are the only ones capable of generating any cell type from the hundreds of cell types that make up an adult organism, so they are the first step towards curing illnesses such as Alzheimer, Parkinson's disease or diabetes.

At the base of that food web are phytoplankton, single - celled organisms that survive by turning sunlight into food sources such as sugars and carbohydrates.

These are all questions the researchers hope to answer by studying other kinds of life — such as prokaryotes, organisms devoid of cell nuclei, like bacteria — over longer periods of time, and even in different cities.

Such «minimal genome» cells might eventually serve as templates for lab - made organisms that pump out medicines, make innovative chemicals for industry and agriculture, or churn out other molecules not yet imagined.

A large number of different cells with various functions ensure that invading microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria can quickly be rendered innocuous and the entire organism stays healthy.

Microbiomes are ecosystems of one - celled organisms, such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and plankton, as well as viruses.

Corals such as the one depicted below have a symbiosis with multiple single - celled organisms called zooxanthellae.

Potentially devastating protein folding problems worsen when a cell or organism is stressed by hostile environmental factors, such as heat.

Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular (consist of a single cell).

Such series of cell fate transitions of stem cells ultimately lead to the development of a higher eukaryotic organism.

We invite original innovative research on the rational engineering of plant systems at all levels, including proteins, protein complexes, sensors, metabolic and signalling pathways, microcompartments such as carboxysomes, subcellular compartments, cell types or tissues, as well as the engineering of novel plant hybrid species and the interactions of plants with viruses, bacteria, and other organisms.

These findings suggest that regenerating organisms such as zebrafish could use special molecular programs to modulate the plasticity of the neural stem cells and enable restoration of compromised neural tissues.

In adult organisms, stem cells and progenitor cells act as a repair system for the body, replenishing specialized cells, but also maintain the normal turnover of regenerative organs, such as blood, skin, or intestinal tissues.

Further, cellular defense mechanisms, such as the innate immune responses are mainly directed outwards to protect the organism against irritants, pathogens, or injured cells.