Sentences with phrase «cells called pd»

Most famous is an antibody that targets a molecule on immune cells called PD - 1.

The antibody binds to a protein on the surface of T cells called the PD - 1 receptor.

Not exact matches

The system, says Brahmer, provides a kind of «handshake» or connection between receptors on immune cells, called PD - 1, and their sister - proteins on tumor cells, called PD - L1.

The gene encodes a protein called PD - 1 that normally acts as a check on the cell's capacity to launch an immune response, to prevent it from attacking healthy cells.

But when PD - 1 binds to proteins called PD - L1 and PD - L2 on the surface of certain cancer cells, the T cells essentially become paralyzed: the immune attack on cancer is called off.

The patients received biweekly infusions of nivolumab, which is an antibody that blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of immune system T cells.

Pembrolizumab and nivolumab, for example, the newest inhibitors to win FDA approval, target a checkpoint called PD - 1, through which tumors can induce a T cell to deactivate.

To boost the staying power of the engineered T cells, the UPenn group wants to use CRISPR to disrupt the gene for a protein called PD - 1.

Researchers led by Van Allen and Choueiri sought an explanation for why some patients with a form of metastatic kidney cancer called clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) gain clinical benefit — sometimes durable — from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the PD - 1 checkpoint, while other patients don't.

In a second study presented at the ESMO 2014 Congress, researchers report that about 20 % of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma have cancer cells that express a protein called programmed cell - death ligand 1 (PD - L1) that is associated with poorer outcomes.

The drug tested is an antibody that blocks a receptor called PD - 1 on the surface of the immune system's T cells.

When researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, examined tumor tissue from the original man with colon cancer who responded to a PD - 1 inhibitor, they found a clue: His tumor had mutations in «mismatch repair» genes, so - called because their encoded proteins fix errors in DNA bases when cells replicate their DNA.

Tumor cells develop mechanisms to evade detection by the immune system by expressing a protein called PD - L1.

Previous studies show that antibody treatments that inhibit the protein, called programmed cell death 1 (PD - 1), can shrink tumors in humans.

Some viruses such as HCV manipulate the PD - 1 off switch so that T cells lose their ability to fight the infection, a condition scientists call «T - cell exhaustion.»

For example, T - cells have a receptor on their surface called PD - 1, which acts as an off switch.

The researchers also showed that a gene called TCF1 was important for the generation and maintenance of the PD -1-responsive T cells in mice.

The FDA granted accelerated approval to avelumab (Bavencio, EMD Serono, Inc.), a checkpoint immunotherapy that targets the PD - 1 pathway, as a first - line treatment for a rare form of skin cancer called Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).

But tumors have a ligand for the molecule, called PD - LI, and their interaction inhibits the activity of the T - cells that kill tumors, Celis explains.

Scientists currently know very little about why these particular cells within the eye do not survive with age and cause problems that lead to a disease called Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS).

Since then, other checkpoint inhibitors have been developed and commercialised to block a T - cell receptor called PD - 1 or its ligand PD - L1, present on some normal cells as well as cancer cells.

By binding to and blocking certain molecules on T cells, in this case a molecule called PD - 1, pembrolizumab «takes the brakes off» the immune response, allowing a more powerful response to cancer.

The target of «atezo» is a molecule called PD - L1, which some cancer cells make to try to avoid being killed by the immune system.

Nivolumab targets and blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of certain immune cells called T - cells.

In addition to increased thirst and urine volume (often called PU / PD, meaning polyuria and polydipsia) over time a cat with CRD may become anemic, since the kidneys produce a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells.