Sentences with phrase «cells change forms»

Not exact matches

(Cf. the phenomenon of the «runners» at first connected with the mother plant and then separated from it; the fluid transition between various plants and animals which appear to be one; the germ - cell inside and outside the parent organism, etc.) Living forms which present what are apparently very great differences in space and time can ontologically have the same morphological principle, so that enormous differences of external form can derive from the material substratum and chance patterns of circumstance without change of substantial form (caterpillar - chrysalis butterfly).

And let's remember that evolution, while it's a theory, is a theory about the beginning and the transformation of life based on things we have observed, namely that cells change and mutate and that those mutations can produce cells that are unique and new, and that it would follow that it's possible for molecules to form into single - celled organisms which mutate and combine into multi-cellular organisms which mutate, adapt, and grow over time into new forms of life.

At birth, the only existing parts of breast anatomy are the milk ducts within the nipple — the alveoli, or milk - producing cells — have not yet formed and not a lot of changes will happen now until the onset of puberty.

Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center say they have preliminary evidence in laboratory - grown, human airway cells that a condensed form of cigarette smoke triggers so - called «epigenetic» changes in the cells consistent with the earliest steps toward lung cancer development.

«When a new substance forms during a chemical reaction, many students think that the atoms and molecules have actually changed into something new, whereas they simply rearranged, that the mass increase of plants is due to minerals in the soil, or that cell division alone accounts for animal growth,» said Cari Herrmann Abell, a senior research associate at Project 2061.

Bowel cancer, also called colorectal cancer, results from a series of genetic changes (mutations) that cause healthy cells to become progressively cancerous, first forming early tumors called polyps that can eventually become malignant.

Biochemist Radhey Gupta of McMaster University in Canada proposes that a bacterium and an archaean fused to form the first eukaryote, based on his analysis of a pair of slow - changing genes found in what may be one of the oldest cells with a nucleus, Giardia lamblia.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

The researchers demonstrated that blocking the PGD enzyme genetically or with a pharmacologic inhibitor reversed the epigenetic reprogramming and malignant gene expression changes detected in distant metastases, and also strongly inhibited their tumor - forming capacity, with no effect on normal cells or peritoneal pancreatic cancer controls.

When a THC molecule binds to one of these CB1 receptors, it changes form, triggering a cascade of various signals inside the cell.

Aware that cancers rewire their metabolism in ways that could change the epigenome and that distant metastases in pancreatic cancer naturally spread to organs fed by a sugar - rich blood supply, the researchers wondered if the tumor cells had altered the way they use the basic form of sugar, glucose.

«The good news from these results is that our cells are not pre-programmed to form bad fat and our stem cells can respond if we apply the right change in lifestyle.»

«However, our study has shown that even by making fairly modest changes in temperature we can activate our stem cells to form brown fat at a cellular level.

The research, published in the journal Scientific Reports, shows for the first time that the way in which fat is made within the body is not «pre-programmed» during the early years of development as previously thought but even in adulthood cells can be influenced by our environment to change the type of fat that is formed.

Earlier mouse studies by Li and his collaborators had indicated that the expression of several imprinted genes changes as hematopoietic stem cells embark on their journey from quiescent reserve cells to multi-lineage progenitor cells, which form the many highly specialized cell types that circulate within the blood stream.

Scientists have hypothesized that magnetite, a form of iron that's the most magnetic of naturally occurring minerals, is the key ingredient in specialized cells that react to changes in magnetism.

New research led by UC San Francisco scientists has revealed that mutations in a gene linked with brain development may dispose people to multiple forms of psychiatric disease by changing the way brain cells communicate.

So over time, changes in the cytoskeleton form the shape and behavior of cells and, ultimately, the structure and function of the organism as a whole.

«But our work shows it's possible to change the fate of scar - forming cells in the heart, and this could potentially benefit people who have heart attacks,» Ubil said.

The images show how a growth factor caused cells to change forms and regroup from tight packs of epithelial cells to more mobile, loose arrays of mesenchymal cells — information useful for studying cancer and wound healing.

Differences in these systems allow cells to specialise to form all the different parts of the body and also helps our cells respond to the changing world around us.

In particular, RNA enzymes can not readily adjust their activities to temperature changes likely to have happened as the earth cooled, and so can not perform the very broad range of catalytic accelerations that would have been necessary to synchronize the biochemistry of early cell - based life forms.

But a new study suggests that in the days and weeks that lead up to a brain forming in an embryo or fetus, altering the electrical properties of these cells can dramatically change how the ensuing brain develops.

One reason that fast - relaxing microenvironments promote more osteogenesis and form bone is that cells inside these matrices can mechanically remodel the matrix and more easily change shape, said Ovijit Chaudhuri, former postdoctoral fellow in the Mooney lab and co-first author.

In their rechargeable form, alkaline cells have undergone several changes.

They produced the first report of the EcPlt's active form inside human cells, describing how the chemical environment inside the cell caused the protein to change shape and activate.

Changes in DNA methylation in brain cells has been an extremely active research area since these epigenetic changes were shown to alter the expression of genes needed to form and maintain long - term meChanges in DNA methylation in brain cells has been an extremely active research area since these epigenetic changes were shown to alter the expression of genes needed to form and maintain long - term mechanges were shown to alter the expression of genes needed to form and maintain long - term memories.

The hub cells are not stem cells; they have settled on their final form, incapable of dividing further or changing their function — or so everyone thought.

Tumor cells circulating through the body in the bloodstream then take advantage of these cellular and molecular changes to lodge in the liver and form metastases.

«These results suggest that inflammation in mid-life may be an early contributor to the brain changes that are associated with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia,» said study author Keenan Walker, PhD, of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Md. «Because the processes that lead to brain cell loss begin decades before people start showing any symptoms, it is vital that we figure out how these processes that happen in middle age affect people many years later.»

Using lab - grown mouse astrocytes with variant forms of NHE9, the researchers found a change in the pH (acidity) inside cellular compartments called endosomes, which in turn altered the ability of cells to take up glutamate.

The cells that group together and stop to form the future organ also change shape, going from flat, crawling cells to upright, tear - shaped cells that come together like cloves in a bulb of garlic.

And next - generation sequencing, in particular, RNA sequencing, allows researchers to delineate changing patterns of gene expression as new cell types form.

Thus, epithelial tumor cells must undergo phenotypical changes that allow them to breach the basement membrane, invade adjacent tissues and ultimately form distant metastases.

We are now able to see the changes related to such adaptations and to see how nerve cells form new connections or how connections between nerve cells are broken.

Given that HIV dramatically changes the cell it infects, it is difficult to trace an infected cell back to its initial form.

With the reference cell census data in hand, the research team is excited to conduct additional studies, including ones involving models or human patients with gastrointestinal conditions — Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, gastrointestinal cancers, forms of food allergy, etc. — aimed at identifying changes in gene expression and epithelial structure and function that could reveal new insights and opportunities for therapeutic development.

Researchers have discovered a new form of synaptic plasticity, the changes to nerve cells in the brain that underlie learning and memory.

Their particle acts like a «physical property chameleon,» Wender says, changing its form as it crosses the cell membrane and enters the endosome.

A team of scientists from Whitehead Institute and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center has added markedly to the job description of prions as agents of change, identifying a prion capable of triggering a transition in yeast from its conventional single - celled form to a cooperative, multicellular structure.

It stimulates the stem cells to grow and form more stem cells, or to change into different cells that form complex organs, such as the breast.

A complete Human Cell Atlas would give us a unique ID card for each cell type, a three - dimensional map of how cell types work together to form tissues, knowledge of how all body systems are connected, and insights into how changes in the map underlie health and diseCell Atlas would give us a unique ID card for each cell type, a three - dimensional map of how cell types work together to form tissues, knowledge of how all body systems are connected, and insights into how changes in the map underlie health and disecell type, a three - dimensional map of how cell types work together to form tissues, knowledge of how all body systems are connected, and insights into how changes in the map underlie health and disecell types work together to form tissues, knowledge of how all body systems are connected, and insights into how changes in the map underlie health and disease.

With various colleagues, he created the first mechanical models of how cells and tissues form and change during development, how cells move and how nano - scale molecular motors inside cells exert forces on a pico - Newton scale.

The mutation damages the regulation of DNA in cells involved in the cancer — a form of epigenetic change.

As cells divide and differentiate, changes in transcriptional profile occur, leading to considerable phenotypical diversities forming different subpopulation of cells and tissues in living organisms.

Editing GalNAc - T6 out of a colon cancer cell line changed its growth form to one more closely resembling healthy colon tissue.

The afternoon of the second day focused on somatic changes in melanoma, that is changes that occur in the tumour itself, and this session saw talks from ESR07 Sofia Chen on the mutational landscape of primary melanoma tumours; ESR08 Catarina Salgado on DNA hydroxymethylation (a form of regulation) in melanoma and naevi; and ESR10 Adriana Sanna on epigenetic regulation (reversible changes to the DNA which can turn genes on / off) of melanoma cell phenotypes.

A new study details the minute changes — down to the level of individual atoms — that cause a particular protein to form cell - damaging clumps associated with ALS and other diseases.

March 9, 2017 Molecules form gels to help cells sense and respond to stress A specific protein inside cells senses threatening changes in its environment, such as heat or starvation, and forms hydrogel droplets to help the cell continue to function and grow under stressful conditions, according to a new study by scientists from the University of Chicago.

I had a hunch based on this work that microRNA expression would be different in breast cancer stem cells than in more differentiated tumor cells or normal tissue and that it would change as the stem cells differentiated to form a tumor.