Sentences with phrase «cells during infection»

Gilleron M *, Stenger S *, Mazorra Z, Wittke F, Mariotti S, Böhmer G, Mori L, Puzo G, DeLibero G. Diacylated sulfoglycolipids are novel mycobacterial antigens stimulating CD1 - restricted T cells during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

By integrating the sequence data and the associated metadata, we have established laboratory and bioinformatics - based methods that enable us to investigate scientific questions including: the tropism of ZIKV for dendritic cells and the antiviral response of the cells during infection (Bowen et al. 2017); investigating the phylogenetic diversity of strains obtained by Biodefense and Emerging Infections (BEI) Resources and distributed to virologists (manuscript in preparation); the genetic determinants of ZIKV host adaptation in C6 / 36 mosquito vs. Vero cells; and the diversity of ZIKV circulating in limited geographic regions, including Barbados, Colombia, and the state of Chiapas, Mexico.

In both cases, the mechanisms are similar: the «good» mechanism regulates healthy blood stem cells during an infection, whilst the «bad» one leads to the multiplication of leukemia stem cells.

To identify the main compounds (metabolites) produced by glioblastoma cells during infection by Zika, the researchers analyzed the cells using matrix - assisted laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI - MSI).

«The results show for the first time how NFkB signaling regulates the production of memory T cells during infection.

Using a single - cell adoptive transfer and spleen biopsy method, we found that in mice, essentially all microbe - specific naïve cells produced memory cells during infection.

Studies by Shibo Jiang at Fudan University in Shanghai, China, and colleagues have found that the bit of the viral surface protein that attaches to a cell during infection — the binding site — only induces the right kind of antibody response.

Not exact matches

It establishes a lifelong infection that leads to sores in affected tissues when active and hides in nerve cells during its latent phase.

And a new analysis of the STEP trial, published last November in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, provides a warning that the very vectors (adenoviruses, which are also employed in other vaccine development work) used to distribute the inactive HIV strains can actually make the immune system more vulnerable to infection by recruiting susceptible T cells to mucous membranes, where they are more likely to be infected during sexual activity.

In such patients, a phenomenon called «antibody - dependent enhancement» (ADE) takes place, during which antibodies that were generated during the first infection bind but do not destroy the slightly different newly infecting virus, but instead facilitate its infection of immune cells.

They found that STAT6 - IP prevented RSV - induced changes to airway cells called alveolar macrophages, which can promote asthma - like responses both during and following viral infections.

«We found that a particular vaginal bacterium, Gardnerella vaginalis, did not cause infection during exposure to the urinary tract, but it damaged the cells on the surface of the bladder and caused E. coli from a previous UTI to start multiplying, leading to another bout of disease,» said the study's senior author, Amanda Lewis, PhD, an assistant professor of molecular microbiology and of obstetrics and gynecology at Washington University.

And tuft cells are known to increase in number during these parasite infections.

Genomic RNA editing and its impact on Ebola virus adaptation during serial passages in cell culture and infection of guinea pigs

By studying infected cells grown in a laboratory, the team found that a large number of CMV's genes help it hide from the immune system by allowing it to destroy many of the proteins produced by the body during virus infection and preventing them from activating immune cells to destroy the virus.

«Despite the low infection levels of mouse cells with oHSV, we were able to cause a delay in tumor growth in one of the cancer models and even cure many of the mice in a second model,» said first author Jennifer Leddon, who conducted much of the laboratory work during a research experience in the Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases.

«The viruses collect in the spaces between brain cells during the early stages of infection,» Harris said.

During infection, many viral pathogens transfer their genetic information into the host cells as double - stranded RNA (dsRNA).

«The suggestion here is that IL - 27 normally limits the severity of disease during these viral infections in part by influencing the quality of T - cell responses,» Muallem said.

During this process, immune cells flood the blood stream with proteins such as interleukin - 6 (IL - 6), a tell - tale marker of infection.

During infection, parasites invade and replicate within red blood cells.

Aborted viral DNA fragments are quickly removed during infection by cell - free HIV particles, so they are not detected by the cell's defensive system.

People infected with HIV have few signs of microbial translocation during the first six months of infection as it takes time for the virus to kill off epithelial cells and weaken the gut wall so that bacteria can leak through — so treating them early could be more effective.

During the initial stages of HIV infection, often within hours, the virus infects a type of white blood cell called CD4 T cells.

Researchers found that some subsets of T cells are reduced from the bloodstream during sleep when risk of infection is low.

We did notice, though, that the epithelial cells infected by RSV looked very different during infection compared to those infected by PIV3.»

«But what we've now shown is that RSV has an increased ability to cause airway obstruction because, during an RSV infection, the virus expresses a specific RSV - encoded non-structural protein, or NS2, in epithelial cells, causing the cells to shed from the airway lining and into the airway lumen.

Thwarting this shedding effect wouldn't stop infection or stifle the typical symptoms of RSV infection, but it might limit the virus's ability to spread into the tiniest airways, which are the most likely to be obstructed by cells shed during infection.

They systematically deleted genes for secreted effector proteins — molecules that the parasite injects into a host cell to modulate the immune system during infection — and injected the altered parasites into mice with aggressive ovarian cancer.

I also think that the next revolution in science might be new imaging techniques to observe our cells and molecules in real time within the entire body during infections or cancer or even while we watch our favorite movie star on video in our doctor's office.

However, when mature blood cells are lost, for example through severe bleeding or during infections, HSCs become activated to generate new «progenitor» cells — the cells that replenish the blood supply and produce immune cells to fight disease.

Although this process probably helps the animal contain the virus during early infection, club cells also produced pro-inflammatory molecules that cause lung pathology.

Dr Yu said this type of killer T cell was naturally found in the body during infection, but their numbers and killing function needed to be boosted to allow them to eradicate chronic infections.

In the study, researchers used the blood of seven people who survived Ebola Bundibugyo virus infection during the 2007 outbreak in Uganda to isolate a large number of B cells that produce antibodies, which are the small protein molecules capable of inactivating the virus.

This molecule primes cells to attack intruders, and is ramped up during infections.

Antibodies, proteins that tag and attack viruses and bacteria, «remember» past invaders, allowing white blood cells to quickly respond during subsequent infections.

«How antiviral antibodies become part of immune memory: Survey of activated B cells during Ebola infection, flu vaccination in humans.»

«Taken together, these studies show that the NK cell IL - 10 response is associated with extensive proliferation, either under in vitro conditions independent of infection, or in vivo during infection,» wrote the authors, including co-lead author and former Brown postdoctoral researcher Seung - Hwan Lee, who is now at the University of Ottawa.

A study of the way malaria parasites behave when they live in human red blood cells has revealed that they can rapidly change the proteins on the surface of their host cells during the course of a single infection in order to hide from the immune system.

This is the first report of Paneth cell sensing of SIV infection and IL - 1β production that links to gut epithelial damage during early viral invasion.

«When we got those results everybody was really excited about it, because pulling out epigenetic changes from a cell population during an infection in vivo is really pretty remarkable,» Tarrio said.

The virus is transmitted during sex; after infection, it retreats into nerve cells that have their endings in the genital skin.

These cells spring into action following bone marrow transplants, bone marrow injury and during systemic infection, creating new blood cells, including immune cells, in a process known as hematopoiesis.

«Scientists discover how immune cells die during HIV infection; Identify potential drug to block AIDS.»

Such wounds don't occur during an ordinary infection, in which the parasite induces the liver cell to encapsulate it.

While the observed differences of the individual steps were mostly modest, mathematical modeling suggested that even small delays in the trafficking of these immune cells will lead to reduced initiation of a WNV - specific antibody - response during the early stages after infection.

During that early stage of infection, about half the T cells in the gut can be wiped out in just four days.

«Digoxin could be the key molecule that activates glioblastoma cell death during Zika infection,» Catharino said.

During inflammatory responses due to infection, trauma, or cancer, the body's immune system becomes highly activated in an attempt to fend off invading organisms, foreign bodies, or tumor cells.

To better understand these mechanisms, Too and colleagues infected human motor neuron cells with EV71 and compiled a list of human proteins that showed changes in activity during infection.