Sentences with phrase «cells in human diseases»

Not exact matches

By treating biology as software and reprogramming cells to treat diseases and other ailments, humans have already made tremendous progress in medicine, Kurzweil said Sunday.

Using advances in genomic sequencing, the human microbiome, proteomics, informatics, computing, and cell therapy technologies, HLI is building the world's most comprehensive database of human genotypes and phenotypes as a basis for a variety of commercialization opportunities to help solve aging related disease and human biological decline.

research; since most of the reports have concentrated on justifying the creation of cloned human embryos for research into and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, «stem - cells» has become synonymous with «embryonic stem - cells» in the public imagination.

Stem cells can transform into any other human cells, so they have immense potential for generating all sorts of adult cells and thus can be used in research concerning human degenerative (and other) diseases.

Breastfeeding is contraindicated in infants with classic galactosemia (galactose 1 - phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency) 103; mothers who have active untreated tuberculosis disease or are human T - cell lymphotropic virus type I — or II — positive104, 105; mothers who are receiving diagnostic or therapeutic radioactive isotopes or have had exposure to radioactive materials (for as long as there is radioactivity in the milk) 106 — 108; mothers who are receiving antimetabolites or chemotherapeutic agents or a small number of other medications until they clear the milk109, 110; mothers who are using drugs of abuse («street drugs»); and mothers who have herpes simplex lesions on a breast (infant may feed from other breast if clear of lesions).

«But in this case, when this virus infects cells, the virus makes its own transcription factors, and those sit on the human genome at lupus risk variants (and at the variants for other diseases) and that's what we suspect is increasing risk for the disease.»

Since the first human brain organoids were created from stem cells in 2013, scientists have gotten them to form structures like those in the brains of fetuses, to sprout dozens of different kinds of brain cells, and to develop abnormalities like those causing neurological diseases such as Timothy syndrome.

Human embryonic stem cells are at last being tested in common, potentially fatal diseases such as heart failure and diabetes

Trials of cells made from human embryonic stem cells are also poised to begin in people with type 1 diabetes and heart failure, the first time embryonic stem cells have been used in the treatment of major lethal diseases.

Therefore, it is essential that we learn how specific types of chemical modifications normally regulate RNA function in our cells, in order to understand how dysregulation of this process contributes to human disease, says Cristian Bellodi.

The survey, described today in a Policy Forum published by Science, randomly presented people with different vignettes that described genome editing being used in germline or somatic cells to either treat disease or enhance a human with, say, a gene linked to higher IQ or eye color.

«Cultural revolution in the study of the gut microbiome: Human gut - on - a-chip technology used to co-culture gut microbiome, human intestinal cells could lead to new therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases.&rHuman gut - on - a-chip technology used to co-culture gut microbiome, human intestinal cells could lead to new therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases.&rhuman intestinal cells could lead to new therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases.»

A team of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine has used a gene - editing tool known as CRISPR to repair the gene that causes sickle cell disease in human stem cells, which they say is a key step toward developing a gene therapy for the disorder.

In humans, Huntington's is an inherited disease caused by a gene encoding a toxic protein, called mutant huntingtin, which causes brain cells to die.

Since pseudouridine modifications may affect various RNA molecules in different types of normal and malignant cells, «our discoveries pave the way for future avenues of research aimed at exploring the role of pseudouridine in human development disease,» concludes Cristian Bellodi.

In this latest advance reported in PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells with living microbes from the normal gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and diseasIn this latest advance reported in PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells with living microbes from the normal gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and diseasin PNAS, the Wyss team showed that the human gut - on - a-chip's unique ability to co-culture intestinal cells with living microbes from the normal gut microbiome for an extended period of time, up to two weeks, could allow breakthrough insights into how the microbial communities that flourish inside our GI tracts contribute to human health and disease.

The work, funded by the US National Human Genome Research Institute, aims to create human cell lines with subtly different genomes in order to test ideas about which mutations cause disease andHuman Genome Research Institute, aims to create human cell lines with subtly different genomes in order to test ideas about which mutations cause disease andhuman cell lines with subtly different genomes in order to test ideas about which mutations cause disease and how.

Vamsi Mootha, a mitochondrial biologist at Massachusetts General Hospital, his graduate student Isha Jain, and their colleagues used a popular DNA - editing tool called CRISPR to knock out about 18,000 different genes in human cells that were altered to have the same problems as people with mitochondrial diseases.

This proof - of - principle study shows «for the first time... that human iPS cells can be used to model a diverse range of inherited diseases in adult cells,» the authors wrote in their paper, published online in The Journal of Clinical Investigation August 25.

Svendsen is more optimistic about his team's work involving human tests of a novel stem cell approach to treat ALS, a degenerative motor neuron disease in which cells that transmit messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles wither or die.

The UT Southwestern group had previously used CRISPR - Cas9, the original gene - editing system, to correct the Duchenne defect in a mouse model of the disease and in human cells.

These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.

«Due to the inhibitory function of Treg cells, people have been trying to use these cells for therapy in human autoimmune diseases or transplantation,» explains professor Yun Cai Liu, Ph.D., who led the current study.

After an earlier stint as a senior writer at Science, where she was widely known for her coverage of the Human Genome Project, Leslie returned as a deputy news editor in 2000, specializing in public health, infectious diseases, stem cells, and ecology.

Another interesting aspect to the work is that it demonstrates the possibility of adding new machinery to human cells to enable them to make therapeutic agents in response to disease signals.»

His laboratory discovered that some of the same RNA that is inside human cells are also present in saliva and can be used to detect diseases — a surprising finding, he said, because enzymes in saliva can degrade RNA, making the mouth «a hostile environment.»

In humans, the goal of SCNT is «nonreproductive cloning» — making embryos, then removing stem cells from the embryo and cultivating them to grow into tissues that could cure diseases, replace organs and heal injuries.

Additionally, work in a mouse model revealed similar cells, indicating that the progenitors are conserved from mouse to human, and therefore, they must be «important cells with promising potential for cell therapy in treating liver disease,» explained Dr. Gouon - Evans.

Next, the research team will examine specifically whether these liver cells obtained from human embryonic stem cells in a dish help repair injured livers in preclinical animal models of liver disease.

In this study, researchers took cells from patients with blood cancer MDS and turned them into stem cells to study the deletions of human chromosome 7 often associated with this disease.

1984 - 1986: In 1984, Randall Willis and collaborators partially cured Lesch - Nyhan disease — an enzyme deficiency that causes neurological problems and self - mutilation behavior — in human cells, and in 1986, Philip Kantoff and colleagues corrected another enzyme deficiency in human blood cellIn 1984, Randall Willis and collaborators partially cured Lesch - Nyhan disease — an enzyme deficiency that causes neurological problems and self - mutilation behavior — in human cells, and in 1986, Philip Kantoff and colleagues corrected another enzyme deficiency in human blood cellin human cells, and in 1986, Philip Kantoff and colleagues corrected another enzyme deficiency in human blood cellin 1986, Philip Kantoff and colleagues corrected another enzyme deficiency in human blood cellin human blood cells.

There are implications for human health in the research appearing online in Aging Cell: heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S., claiming nearly 600,000 lives per year.

This was observed in human ovarian cancer cells grown in culture, and then in mouse models of the disease.

Desgrosellier said the team will follow up with mouse models containing tumor fragments from patients to better reflect the diversity of cell types present in human disease.

«Thus, it is clear that further studies must investigate an increasingly complex matrix of cell types and conditions to fully understand the role of human genetic variation in disease.»

«Techniques to correct defective genes in «non-reproductive» cells are already at various stages of clinical development and promise to be a powerful approach for many human diseases which don't yet have an effective treatment.

Although that marker, called IL21, had not previously been associated with autoimmune diseases, the gene that produces it sits right in the stretch of DNA known to make these mice vulnerable to diabetes, suggesting that IL21 might make a drug target, says Sarvetnick.Furthermore, by giving the animals a shot of dead bacteria — similar to an immunization in humans — when they were newborns, Sarvetnick and her colleagues prevented a surfeit of CD4 + and CD8 + cells.

Scientists want to be able to clone early human embryos, using cells from patients with various diseases, so they can study the diseases in the lab and develop new treatments for them.

The completion of the Human Genome Project and recent advances in cloning, stem cells, and other fields have emboldened some scientists to predict that we will soon conquer not only disease but aging itself.

The researchers used the power of gene sequencing and clever computational methods to uncover the «source code» for human endothelial cells and learn how that code is disturbed in human disease.

In experiments in mice and human cells, researchers found that blocking CXCR4 — a so - called homing receptor protein molecule that helps T cells mature and attracts blood cells to the bone marrow — halted disease progression in bone marrow and spleen tissue within two weekIn experiments in mice and human cells, researchers found that blocking CXCR4 — a so - called homing receptor protein molecule that helps T cells mature and attracts blood cells to the bone marrow — halted disease progression in bone marrow and spleen tissue within two weekin mice and human cells, researchers found that blocking CXCR4 — a so - called homing receptor protein molecule that helps T cells mature and attracts blood cells to the bone marrow — halted disease progression in bone marrow and spleen tissue within two weekin bone marrow and spleen tissue within two weeks.

«We compared the ability of RSV and parainfluenza virus (PIV3)-- another common virus in children that causes much less severe airway disease — to infect and cause inflammatory responses in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the lung airway.

Researchers from the Gladstone Institutes have used human cells to discover how blood flow in the heart protects against the hardening of valves in cardiovascular disease.

In order to locate all gene switches, the Freiburg research team used modern sequencing methods to examine the entire genome — DNA, epigenetic markers and RNA — during the development, maturation and disease of human cardiac muscle cells.

Researchers from the University's Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, led by Senior Lecturer in Orthopaedic Sciences Dr Simon Tew, examined molecular messages produced by cartilage cells in both humans and rats.

In the new study, Lipton and his colleagues used human stem cell and mouse models to show exactly how SNO can trigger cell death in Parkinson's diseasIn the new study, Lipton and his colleagues used human stem cell and mouse models to show exactly how SNO can trigger cell death in Parkinson's diseasin Parkinson's disease.

In lab tests the refurbished cells cured the disease in mice and in human blooIn lab tests the refurbished cells cured the disease in mice and in human blooin mice and in human blooin human blood.

Mouse embryonic stem cells, reported in 1981 by Martin Evans, Matthew Kaufman, and Gail Martin, have allowed scientists to generate genetically customized strains of mice that have revolutionized studies of organismic development and immunity and have provided countless models of human disease.

These individual transcriptomes can be used to define cell types and to understand the functions of healthy and diseased cells in the human body.

Human cells capable of performing simple arithmetic could one day be implanted in your body as a biological computer to diagnose disease, administer drugs or interface with electronic devices.