Sentences with phrase «cells in the brain during»

Our investigations also open a new route for understanding how different physiological states of the body influence stem cells in the brain during health and disease, and opens new ways for thinking about therapy,» says Fiona Doetsch.

Michael Rae discusses the role of senescent cells in the brain during aging, and how eliminating those cells could prevent diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

At the ISSCR public symposium in Stockholm, stem cell scientists from Germany, Sweden and the U.S. will explore during a moderated panel discussion the role of stem cells in the brain during our lives from development and through adulthood.

Not exact matches

«Garcia - Falgueras and Swaab state in the abstract of their 2010 study, «The fetal brain develops during the intrauterine period in the male direction through a direct action of testosterone on the developing nerve cells, or in the female direction through the absence of this hormone surge.

«Garcia - Falgueras and Swaab state in the abstract of their 2010 study, «The fe - tal brain develops during the intraut - erine period in the male direction through a direct action of tes - tosterone on the developing nerve cells, or in the female direction through the absence of this hor - mone surge.

Dr. Allan Schore, the UCLA researcher, shows that cortisol (stress hormone) released during intense crying harm nerve cells in the brain.

Scientists have uncovered that cells from moms end up in their baby's brain during development, and vice versa during pregnancy.

Interestingly, those who suffer from narcolepsy, a disease in which people are excessively tired and may spontaneously fall asleep during the day, also lack orexin due to a breakdown in the brain cells that produce it.

During a blackout, the brain cells in that area cease their activity until it is restored.

In 2011 researchers found that these waves of electricity cause neurons in the hippocampus, the main brain area involved with memory, to fire backward during sleep, sending an electrical signal from their axons to their own dendrites rather than to other cellIn 2011 researchers found that these waves of electricity cause neurons in the hippocampus, the main brain area involved with memory, to fire backward during sleep, sending an electrical signal from their axons to their own dendrites rather than to other cellin the hippocampus, the main brain area involved with memory, to fire backward during sleep, sending an electrical signal from their axons to their own dendrites rather than to other cells.

Scientists have discovered why a single mutated protein can lead to serious mental retardation in men with a common genetic disorder called fragile - X syndrome: The healthy protein is essential for establishing during childhood the adult pattern of connections between nerve cells in the brain.

Last month, researchers led by Beth Stevens of Boston Children's Hospital reported that a process in which microglia prune excess synapses in the brain during early life can turn on inappropriately later on, possibly triggering Alzheimer's or other disorders marked by damage to connections between brain cells.

Knowing how these cells mature during development might lead to a better grasp of just how to replicate that process in the adult brain, which could eventually pave the way to strategies that rejuvenate aging circuits, Donato said.

During normal brain development in the first weeks of life, precursor cells in the SVZ in the piglets give birth to neurons that migrate primarily to the prefrontal cortex, the team reports today in Science Translational Medicine.

It has been particularly difficult to measure changes in electrical functions of cells grown within Organ Chips that are normally electrically active, such as neuronal cells in the brain or beating heart cells, both during their differentiation and in response to drugs.

It turns out that the cells responsible for aggression in mouse brains are suppressed during mating, which is probably a good thing.

Using a mouse model, the team also demonstrated that two processes during neurodevelopment are regulated by the gene: proliferation — the replication of neuronal stem cells that have the potential to become multiple different kinds of cells, including neurons — and migration — the movement of neurons to specific locations in the brain during development.

«Only by understanding the complexities of what happens in specific cell - types found in specific areas of the brain during this disease can targeted treatments for Parkinson's disease be produced.»

«The viruses collect in the spaces between brain cells during the early stages of infection,» Harris said.

Mounted on a rat's head, the 1.5 - inch plastic and titanium instrument allows the animal to move freely and captures in real time how brain cells interact during everyday behaviors.

For one thing, recent studies show that cannabinoids manufactured by our own nerve cells play a crucial role in wiring the brain, both prenatally and during adolescence.

However, occasionally germ cells can get trapped in the wrong part of the body during development and may later turn into brain tumours, for example.

Working with an animal model, the researchers found that a type of cell present in the brain's primary processing area during early development, long thought to form structural scaffolding with no role in transmitting sensory information, may conduct such signals after all.

Using a nuclear protein expressed in follicle stem cells (FSCs), the researchers found that castor, which plays an important role in specifying which types of brain cells are produced during embryonic development, also helps maintain FSCs throughout the life of the animal.

Finally, says Evrony, the findings provide a proof - of - principle for a systematic way of studying how brain cells disperse and migrate during development, «something that has not been possible to do before in humans,» he says.

During development, as an embryo forms differentiated tissues, liver cells, brain cells, muscle cells, the cells in those tissues begin to allow for the selective expression of genes contained in those same 3 billion nucleotides.

One possibility is that it's just random events during development, that as a few neural stem cells in a fetus give rise to a hundred billion nerve cells in an adult human brain, a lot of stuff happens.

Resonance in the activity of nerve cells (left) allows activity within the brain to travel over large distances, e.g. from the back of the head to the front during the processing of visual stimuli.

The size of the brain's ventricles — cerebrospinal fluid - filled spaces deep within the brain — became progressively larger during the course of treatment, and changes were also seen within the subventricular zone, one of two structures in which new brain cells are generated in adults.

The active periods might be providing brief windows during which nerve cells can easily connect to other cells, and the slower, more relaxed periods might allow the brain to then cement those new connections in place.

Instead, it makes an RNA molecule that is present during early in utero brain development and may orchestrate the migration of cells that build the human brain.

Montani is now studying if the enzyme is also crucial for the cells which myelinate the brain during postnatal development and if it plays a role in repairing myelin after a lesion, as the ones present in multiple sclerosis patients.

New research in mice reveals that during sleep the connections between brain cells, which hold information learned throughout the day, undergo massive shrinkage.

The researchers measured the activity of place cells in the brains of rats during three different experimental conditions.

Researchers led by Nigel Bamford of the University of Washington in Seattle, US, gave mice large doses of methamphetamine, equivalent to those taken by addicts during drug binges, to see how this affected communication between cells in the brain's cortex and those in a region of the brain called the striatum.

«What we show is that the Zika virus infects neuronal cells in dish that are counterparts to those that form the cortex during human brain development.»

During the initial stages of typical brain development, stem cells go through a period in which they divide to make more stem cells, increasing their numbers.

Another provocative observation from the new study was that transient gene expression events during brain development set up broad distinctions in neural fate between cells in different areas in the cerebral cortex.

In the new study, the researchers discovered that during the second trimester of human brain development, oRG cells express genes related to a fundamental signaling pathway called mTOR, defects in which have previously been implicated in autism and several other psychiatric disorderIn the new study, the researchers discovered that during the second trimester of human brain development, oRG cells express genes related to a fundamental signaling pathway called mTOR, defects in which have previously been implicated in autism and several other psychiatric disorderin which have previously been implicated in autism and several other psychiatric disorderin autism and several other psychiatric disorders.

In the case of planarians, the gene egr - 4 seems to perform an early control of cell proliferation as a response to amputation, and be involved later in the early differentiation of brain during regeneratioIn the case of planarians, the gene egr - 4 seems to perform an early control of cell proliferation as a response to amputation, and be involved later in the early differentiation of brain during regeneratioin the early differentiation of brain during regeneration.

The exosomes produced during environmental enrichment carry microRNAs — small pieces of genetic material — which appear to instruct immature cells in the brain to develop into myelin - making cells called oligodendrocytes.

In animal studies, exosomes secreted by immune cells during environmental enrichment caused cells in the brain to start myelin repaiIn animal studies, exosomes secreted by immune cells during environmental enrichment caused cells in the brain to start myelin repaiin the brain to start myelin repair.

Dr Burgess said: «During brain development, neurons must crawl into their correct position and dynein molecules in this instance grab hold of the nucleus and pull it along with the moving mass of the cell.

They found a gene — dubbed Dscam (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule)-- that appears to give every nerve cell a unique identity during prebirth development, making sure that each cell ends up in the right location in the brain and body.

They also found that the disruption of the connectivity of these cells during brain development causes alterations in brain oscillatory activity and disturbs the function of place cells, a type of pyramidal neuron that becomes active when an animal is located in a particular place in its environment.

Retrotransposons are normally silenced to prevent harmful mutations from occurring in egg and sperm cells, but are mobilized during certain stages of brain development, when neurons are being produced from dividing stem cells.

During sleep, a newly discovered network of water channels in the brain, called the glymphatic system, becomes active and functions as a waste disposal system, carrying toxins away which would otherwise accumulate and damage brain cells.

The solution was targeted to each animal's striatum, a brain region involved in motor control; it is the dopamine - producing nerve cells in this area that die during Parkinson's disease.

Interneuron cell - based therapy in AD and related models: During brain development, embryonic interneuron precursors are generated in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and retain a remarkable capacity for migration and integration in adult host brains, where they fully mature into functional inhibitory interneurons.

Scientists used mice to study how nerve cells in thalamic reticular nucleus work during sleep and how they help the brain concentrate.