Sentences with phrase «cells of the immune system called»

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are cancers that affect white blood cells of the immune system called B - lymphocytes or B cells.

«HIV - 1 infects cells of the immune system called CD4 + T cells,» the authors further explain.

The bugs then take up residence inside cells of the immune system called macrophages.

Likewise, certain cells of the immune system called immunoglobulins are dependent on proteins for their synthesis.

The virus is engulfed by cells of the immune system called macrophages.

The binding of antibodies can render key components of a microbe necessary for invasion or even survival ineffective or in some cases signal other cells of the immune system called macrophages to consume and remove the microbe.

Not exact matches

Hoping to learn something about how the human body defends itself against cancer, he had zeroed in on a complex regiment of lymphocytes called T cells, common to the immune systems in both mouse and man.

A decade ago a drug based on an internal protein of the flu virus, called NP (for nucleoprotein), set the immune system's killer T cells into action, but it only partially protected mice from the flu.

The immune system depends on molecules called T cell receptors on the surface of T cells to recognize and respond to foreign antigens from virus - infected cells, tumors and other threats.

In this study, the SIgN team discovered for the first time that the integrity of p53 affects the production of a special cell surface protein called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I. MHC class I molecules on the cancer cell surface serve as targets for the immune system.

«We found that a protein expressed by gut bacteria called Bacteroides works to prevent IBD by rapidly recruiting white blood cells to kill a cell of the immune system that is responsible for orchestrating IBD,» says McCoy.

A second type of immune system cell, called regulatory T cells (Tregs), are a model of constancy, remaining stable even as Teffs go into battle mode.

The so - called STEP trial, sponsored by pharmaceutical giant Merck & Co. and the federally funded HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN), was the first to test the idea of stimulating the immune system's killer T cells to hunt for the virus more aggressively, in this case using a weakened form of the cold virus to carry three genes from HIV.

The system, says Brahmer, provides a kind of «handshake» or connection between receptors on immune cells, called PD - 1, and their sister - proteins on tumor cells, called PD - L1.

Dr. Cripe and his colleagues at The Ohio State University, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center tested how well the oncolytic viral therapy — a cancer - killing form of the herpes simplex virus, called oHSV — infected and killed tumor cells in mice with and without a healthy immune system.

An animal's immune system detects foreign cells by scanning for proteins, called antigens, that stick out from the surface of each cell.

The researchers studied two types of cells called effector T cells, which activate the immune system to defend our body against different pathogens, and regulatory T cells, which help control the immune system and prevent it from attacking healthy parts of its environment.

In a related paper published online today in Nature Biotechnology, Konrad Hochedlinger of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge and his colleagues compared the gene expression patterns in mouse iPS cells derived from white blood cells, muscle precursor cells, immune system cells called B cells, and fibroblasts taken from tail tips.

The patients received biweekly infusions of nivolumab, which is an antibody that blocks a protein called PD - 1 on the surface of immune system T cells.

By manipulating the function of certain immune cells, called T cells, researchers could help restore the system's balance and create new treatments to target these diseases.

Smoke inhibits activity of so called mast cells, which drive the immune system's response to allergens.

Rick Maizels at the University of Edinburgh and his colleagues find that the worms manipulate their hosts into producing cells called regulatory T cells, which calm the immune system.

As part of this system, two enzymes called Rag1 and Rag2 cut apart and rearrange DNA within immune cells, helping to create the body's millions of unique antibodies and T cell receptors — each specific for a particular microbe.

Researchers have identified a group of immune system genes that may play a role in how long people can live after developing a common type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor of the glial cells in the brain.

The study included 124 newly diagnosed patients at 25 clinical trial sites in the U.S. Two - thirds of the patients were treated with ICT - 107, an experimental vaccine based on immune system cells called dendritic cells that were exposed to six synthetic proteins, or antigens, known to be involved in GBM development.

They are designed to get around one of the ways that cancer protects itself from the immune system: tumors can activate the body's natural protective response from autoimmunity, called a checkpoint, and thereby thwart cytotoxic T cells.

«We have immune cells called T - cells that are really good at killing off cancer cells, but there is an inhibition system in place to prevent autoimmunity,» said the study's senior author Maureen Su, MD, UNC Lineberger member and associate professor in the UNC School of Medicine Division of Pediatric Endocrinology.

But mounting evidence implicates the immune system in the overproduction of cell - signalling molecules called cytokines, which stimulate skin cells called keratinocytes to express genes that maintain an inflammatory microenvironment.

But before immune - system fighters called T cells will attack foreign tissue, they must first get a confirmation order of sorts: a costimulatory signal.

Cells in the innate immune system respond immediately by secreting inflammatory factors called cytokines to stop the spread of infection.

Increasing expression of a chemical cytokine called LIGHT in mice with colon cancer activated the immune system's natural cancer - killing T - cells and caused primary tumors and metastatic tumors in the liver to shrink.

Cells called neutrophils, which are considered the immune system's «first line of defense» because they react strongly to foreign invaders that enter the skin through a cut or other injury, were also surprisingly important.

Previous studies in the lab showed that once HCMV is inside the cell, it quickly becomes latent by entering the cell's nucleus and co-opting a cellular protein called Daxx — part of the intrinsic immune system — to shut down its own replication, the process of reproducing its genetic material to make more copies of itself.

According to Simon Rauber, an immunologist in Erlangen and primary author of the study, a previously inadequately studied cell population of the immune system called innate lymphoid cells plays a major role in the resolution of inflammations.

A new class of drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors block molecules on T cells that shut down immune response, freeing the immune system to attack tumors.

When susceptible people come into contact with flakes of cat skin called dander, T cells in their immune systems set off a chemical chain reaction that produces the familiar symptoms of allergy, including sneezing, runny noses, itching and asthma.

Looking for immune abnormalities throughout the lifespan of the mice, the group found that most immune system components stayed the same in number, but a type of brain - resident immune cells called microglia that are known first responders to infection begin to divide and change early in the disease.

The scientists at Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) have shown that immune system cells, which react to gluten, produce chemicals called cytokines that can contribute to the development of a rare form of lymphoma (cancer of the white blood cells).

«The retraction states that Mignot and his colleagues were unable to replicate the results of the ELISpot assay, a widely used method for measuring how immune system cells such as T cells respond to fragments of foreign proteins, called antigens,» Underwood writes.

In healthy individuals, immune cells produce proteins called antibodies that attack foreign invaders to destroy them and clear them out of the system.

So - called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, which are derived from adult human tissue, have the added advantage of producing tissues and organs genetically matched to a recipient, avoiding the problem of immune system rejection.

The drug tested is an antibody that blocks a receptor called PD - 1 on the surface of the immune system's T cells.

The immune system protects us from scores of invaders, but it can also turn against us when white blood cells called autoimmune T cells attack the body's own tissue.

Giving patients a dose of their tumor neoantigens, which look foreign to the immune system, should help activate immune cells called T cells to attack the cancer cells.

Some sentries of the immune system — so - called B cells, which are charged with checking out the passersby of the bloodstream — undergo a type of basic training.

The sequence, called an ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine - based activation motif), encodes a piece of protein that can by itself signal immune system cells to multiply and go to work.

Johannes Scheid, a student in Nussenzweig's lab, isolated it several years ago from an HIV - infected patient whose immune system had an exceptional ability to neutralize HIV in the blood by preventing the virus from infecting and destroying a specific type of immune cells, called CD4 cells, in patients.

Shortly after infection, HIV levels skyrocket, but then the immune system and other antiviral factors produced by cells drive down the amount of virus in the blood — the so - called viral load — and establish a «set point.»

Cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes, play an important role in fighting infection and eliminating cancer cells from the Cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes, play an important role in fighting infection and eliminating cancer cells from the cells from the body.

Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered the mechanism by which immune cells called regulatory T cells keep themselves intact and functional during their demanding task of holding the immune system in check.