They are important especially for the destruction of
cells infected by a virus or of tumor cells.
Human cells infected by the viruses produced the gene products, giving T cells an advance exposure to them.
These cells are highly specialized guardians of the immune system and their role is to
kill cells infected by a virus, damaged cells, or cancer cells.
Rotavirus - specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes cross-react with target
cells infected with different rotavirus serotypes.
LOCKED IN Red
blood cells infected with malaria - causing parasites (shown almost completely filling a cell) may avoid imminent destruction if new research pans out.
In July labs at the University of California at San Francisco, University of Massachusetts Medical School, and MIT reported that they had used RNA - interference to arrest viral replication
in cells infected with HIV and polio.
Random fluctuations in gene expression can influence the fates
of cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) far more than previously thought, according to new research from Howard Hughes...
So his team produced seven antibodies that bind to various regions of PrPC and added them to a culture of
mouse cells infected with prions.
In addition, the retroviruses used to ferry the genes into the cells (where they copy their genes
into cells they infect) may also be cancerous.
(C) Degree of branching and number of mammary epithelial cell layers in the mammary tissue formed by
mammary cells infected with miR - 150.
Johns Hopkins biochemists have figured out what is needed to activate and sustain the virus - fighting activity of an enzyme found in CD4 + T cells, the human
immune cells infected by HIV.
But when the researchers added higher concentrations of BX795 to cultured human
corneal cells infected with HSV - 1, the infection was quickly cleared.
He knew that HIV is a retrovirus — the subject of his own heralded research — and that retroviruses don't kill the
host cells they infect.
They have evidence that some people may be able to resist infection because previous exposure to tiny amounts of virus has stimulated a strong response from killer T cells which can
destroy cells infected with virus.
Researchers discovered all four main TB antigens used in vaccine production present and intact in the fluid of cultured
dendritic cells infected with the bacterium.
«For other vaccines, we probably want to induce cell - mediated immunity to
eliminate cells infected by any virus that gets past the antibodies.
The genomic DNA was extracted from
C8166 cells infected with SIVmac251 (32H) and digested with Sal1.
JJ Miranda, PhD, reported that certain drugs affect genes in
tumor cells infected with the Epstein - Barr Virus.
«We were most surprised that the virus infects such a rare cell type and that even with so
few cells infected, the infections can be intense and easily transmitted, «Wilen said.
The researchers also found that treating the mice with a molecule called CTL - associated antigen - 4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4Ig) suppressed damage to
liver cells infected with hepatitis B virus, suggesting that this might be a potential approach to treatment.
In collaboration with Ding, the lab of Olivier Voinnet at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich also reported in an accompanying paper the detection of viral siRNAs in cultured mouse embryonic
stem cells infected by the Encephalomyocarditis virus.
While the PIV - infected epithelial cells retained their natural elongated, columnar shape, the
same cells infected with RSV balled up and puffed out of the airway epithelium, causing the infected cells to accumulate in the lumen of the airway.
Lieberman's team noted that in their model system, parasites began to die within 15 to 30 minutes, while the human or mouse
cells they infected died some 45 minutes to an hour later.
In the study, researchers used a technique called feedback system control, which was developed at UCLA, to
study cells infected with the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
The researchers used RNAi to block three genes: two found in the virus itself and one found in mouse T cells — the primary immune
system cells infected by the virus.
When they killed the animals a week later, they found that the virus had broken apart dystrophin in their hearts and that the membranes of
heart cells infected with Coxsackie B virus were more permeable to blue dye than uninfected cells.
Ravid Straussman at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel and his team discovered that
skin cells infected with Mycoplasma bacteria prevented chemo drug gemcitabine from killing neighbouring cancer cells.
Researchers from the University of Miami, Florida and the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona have developed a method which allows to drastically reduce the drug dose, since it improves its efficacy 83 %, multiplies by 10 the capacity of the drug to
attack cell infected by the parasite which provokes the disease, and significantly reduces the toxicity of the parasite.
In both cell cultures and mouse models, a drug used to treat Hepatitis C effectively protected and rescued
neural cells infected by the Zika virus — and blocked transmission of the virus to mouse fetuses.
(D) Bisulfite - mediated methylcytosine mapping of HIV - 1 CpG island 2 in actively infected CD4 + T
cells infected under non-polarizing, Th1, or Th2 conditions.
The discovery that «BH3 - mimetic» drugs
obliterate cells infected with Legionella bacteria could lead to new treatments for a variety of bacterial infections, even those that are resistant to antibiotics.
Cre - DOG is also suitable for optogenetic studies, and
since cells infected with AAV - Cre - DOG retain normal neuronal function, this system may make optogenetics in specific cell populations even easier.
Incomplete splicing and deficient accumulation of the fiber messenger RNA in
monkey cells infected by human adenovirus type 2
The researchers discovered that NS1 has a 3D structure with two distinct sides, one facing the replication system of the virus
inside cells it infects and the other facing the immune system outside infected cells.
University of Melbourne Professor, Leann Tilley, an Australian Research Council Laureate Fellow at the Bio21 Institute, tested the new drug in red
blood cells infected with parasites and found that it was as effective at killing the artemisinin resistant parasites as it was for the sensitive parasites.
They found that indeed, they do, and that stimulating these cells led them to
kill cells infected with HIV - 1 derived from latently infected cells, both in culture and in mice engineered to have a human immune system.
Mammary cells infected with the miR -150-expressing lentivirus formed a hyperplastic mammary tree with extremely increased branching and thick mammary ducts (Figure 6A, C).
To this end, we have developed a reporter construct that generates a fluorescent signal specifically
in cells infected with dengue (DENV).
Shukla and colleagues looked at human
corneal cells infected with HSV - 1 and saw that an enzyme called heparanase became significantly upregulated and activated in cells just after infection, and remained upregulated well after the initial infection.
His team collaborated with investigators from Jeffrey's laboratory to investigate whether or not an RNAi response is induced in human and
mouse cells infected with the influenza virus, one of many important viruses using RNA as its genetic material.
An international study led by researchers at Monash University» Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) has shone light on the way the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) hijacks the communication systems in the
host cells it infects, uncovering potential new therapeutic targets for the disease.
killer T cells (CD8)- a group of T cells that is activated by helper T cells (CD4) and have the ability to
destroy cells infected by foreign invaders (such as viruses).
Our studies first identified a new caspase -2-mediated proinflammatory cell death, which exists in macrophages and
dendritic cells infected with live attenuated rough Brucella strains (e.g., B. abortus cattle vaccine RB51 and B. suis vaccine candidate VTRS1)(see references: Bronner, O'Riordan, and He, 2013; Li & He, 2012; Chen et al, 2011; Chen & He, 2009).