Sentences with phrase «cells stage by»

Su - chun Zhang and his colleagues at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and the University of Bonn, Germany, directed the development of embryonic stem cells stage by stage, using the same growth factors the body uses.

Not exact matches

At some stage, though, the female of a number of species had to develop reproductive cells requiring fertilization by a male with complementary reproductive cells.

By the 4 - 8 cell stage of life, human embryos have to «turn on» their own genes and start making their own proteins.

We found that: a) lactation stage must be defined biochemically (such as Na: K ratio), not by day of lactation, b) lactation stage influences RNA quality, quantity, and potential immune cell contamination, c) immediate processing and hard, fast centrifugation yield better quality RNA, and d) additional washing of the milk fat layer is not necessary for the analysis of mature milk samples and does not decrease immune cell contamination in colostrum samples.

Visually, she is filming and analyzing time - lapse images of human embryos in the incubator and has been able to correlate various parameters of how cells divide with the probability that the embryos will make it to a full blastocyst stage by day 5 - 6 of culture.

Stage I lactogenesis, or secretory initiation, occurs during pregnancy and is defined by the differentiation of mammary alveolar epithelial cells into specialized secretory cells, termed lactocytes (1).

«There was this initial thought that [circulating tumor cells] are only present at late stage,» says Sollier - Christen, but she notes that in the past year, several studies using more sensitive techniques have found such cells much earlier in tumor development, even before the tumor becomes visible by conventional imaging techniques.

When researchers create «chimeric» mice by injecting iPS cells into early - stage mouse embryos, the resulting animals are unusually prone to cancer.

In a groundbreaking study that provides scientists with a critical new understanding of stem cell development and its role in disease, UCLA researchers at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research led by Dr. Kathrin Plath, professor of biological chemistry, have established a first - of - its - kind methodology that defines the unique stages by which specialized cells are reprogrammed into stem cells that resemble those found in the embcell development and its role in disease, UCLA researchers at the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research led by Dr. Kathrin Plath, professor of biological chemistry, have established a first - of - its - kind methodology that defines the unique stages by which specialized cells are reprogrammed into stem cells that resemble those found in the embCell Research led by Dr. Kathrin Plath, professor of biological chemistry, have established a first - of - its - kind methodology that defines the unique stages by which specialized cells are reprogrammed into stem cells that resemble those found in the embryo.

The researchers observed the worms» behaviors through stages of maturity by recording the activity patterns of each cell in the circuit.

Plath's team found that the changes that happen in cells during reprogramming occur in a sequential stage - by - stage manner, and that importantly, the stages were the same across all the different reprogramming systems and different cell types analyzed.

In the ovary of a normal mouse (left), a large follicle is shown at a late stage of development (a light pink oocyte surrounded by follicular cells, inset).

«This study signals a big change in thinking, because it provides simple and efficient tools for scientists to study stem cell creation in a stage - by - stage manner.

At this stage, as well as throughout the developmental process, sperm are tended to by Sertoli cells, which feed and support the growing sperm.

Perhaps, Clavería says, cell expansion driven by Myc sets the stage for a tumor.

By hitting breast cancer cells with a targeted therapeutic immediately after chemotherapy, researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) were able to target cancer cells during a transitional stage when they were most vulnerable, killing cells and shrinking tumors in the lab and in pre-clinical models.

By hitting breast cancer cells with a targeted therapeutic immediately after chemotherapy, researchers were able to target cancer cells during a transitional stage when they were most vulnerable.

By prodding embryos gently with glass rods at the eight - cell stage, they could reverse the genetically determined handedness of each snail.

We don't yet know how to fully turn stem cells into sperm, so the team got around this by injecting the cells into mouse testes for the last stages of development.

An early - stage clinical study by another institution, published in the Lancet Oncology in May 2016, combined chemotherapy with an experimental drug that blocks CCR2, a receptor on monocytes and macrophages whose activation stimulates these cells to infiltrate tumors.

By that stage, cells from the fungus have grown even more numerous in the ant's body.

«By activating the regeneration of pancreatic cells, we were able to rescue mice from late - stage type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Spearheaded by first author Christopher McNair, PhD, a graduate student in the laboratory of Dr. Knudsen, the study undertook an extensive analysis of tumor samples and cell - free DNA samples from patients with advanced, lethal - stage prostate cancer.

Cyclin D is synthesized during the first stage of cell replication and is believed to help drive the complex, multi-stage process, including interaction with the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, whose function is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide.

First, after a person is bitten by a parasite - carrying mosquito there is an initial infection in the liver, followed by the long - lasting red blood cell stage where the clinical symptoms of the malaria disease occur, and finally the mosquito stage, which is required to transmit the parasites to other people.

Further experiments went on to show that the actual level of sexual - stage parasites produced by each parasite clone matched the proportion of individual cells specifically producing the AP2 - G protein.

The team, headed by biologist Miodrag Stojkovic, who has labs at the Principe Felipe Research Centre in Valencia, Spain, and at a company called Sintocell in Serbia, obtained 161 embryos that had been donated for research at the University of Newcastle in the U.K. Of these, thirteen had stopped developing at 6 to 7 days after fertilization, when they were at the 16 - 24 cell stage, and 119 had stopped developing a few days after fertilization.

Researchers from BUSM and the University of Cyprus compared the markers on the surface of the cancer cells to gene expression profile of breast tumors deposited by researchers in international public databases and found that a molecule named IL13RA2 (IL13R alpha2) was abundant in metastatic or late - stage BLBC.

The patent gives California - based Geron Corp. exclusive rights to animal embryos prepared by transferring the nucleus of a quiescent diploid donor cell into a suitable recipient cell up to and including the blastocyst stage.

This group's achievement shows the possibility to clarify the mechanism of human tumor formation, especially the molecular mechanism responsible for in the initial stage of cell cancerization due to DNA damaged by radiation in the initial stage, by using the model of budding yeast, a primitive eukaryote.

Viruses technically are not alive, but there is some stage that's sort of in between inert and going through a living stage by hijacking the machinery of cells.

To investigate the different stages of the reprogramming process, the researchers separated male and female cells to examine them side by side.

Canada's NRC Innovation Centre is nurturing a domestic fuel cell industry by supporting early stage research, development, and deployment of fuel cell technologies.

A study published March 7th by Cell Press in the journal Cell reveals that a compound derived from fats found in fish oils prevents death in influenza - virus - infected mice, even at advanced stages of disease.

Understanding which cytokines are best for monitoring inflammation and immunosuppression, and knowing which are secreted by different immune cell types at each stage of maturation and activation, will provide essential insights into disease treatment options.

By receiving transplants of bone marrow cells along with the new kidney, four of five transplant patients with end - stage renal disease were able to stop taking immunosuppressive drugs within about one year after surgery.

Neurocutaneous disorders are caused by abnormal development of cells in the embryonic stage, leading to tumors in various parts of the body, including the skin, organs, bones, brain and spinal cord.

Dr. Lyons and his team used zebrafish to study the formation of myelin sheaths by oligodendrocytes because this laboratory animal is transparent at early stages of its development, which allows investigators to directly observe cells within the organism.

Frank Grützner, a geneticist at the Australian National University in Canberra, and his colleagues took a closer look by «painting» individual chromosomes with specific dyes and following them through all the stages of cell division.

As explained by lead researcher, Dr Ferdinand von Meyenn, postdoctoral researcher in the Epigenetics research programme at the Babraham Institute and first author on the paper: «Our method establishes a reliable system that can be used to explore the early stages of epigenetic reprogramming in primordial germ cell - like cells and how this is regulated in the generation of reproductive cells.

The compound increases bone mass by protecting and increasing the activity of bone cells in various stages of normal bone mantanence, utilizing mechanisms that overlap those that regulate whole - body energy metabolism.

And because the worm is transparent and the adult has only 959 cells, development of every stage from egg to adult can be observed under the microscope and documented with near perfect detail while the worm is alive, an achievement accomplished in the 1970s by Sidney Brenner, a University of Cambridge researcher and legend in the field.

«This is an early stage trial, but we are encouraged by the fact that the cells got into the brain, proliferated, and reduced the level of antigen with very little toxicity to the patients,» O'Rourke said.

The study revealed that in the model system chosen by Opitz and colleagues the winning side becomes apparent at a very early stage in the growth of the population, when the numbers of cells are still relatively small.

A team of researchers led by UNSW Australia scientists has discovered how connections between brain cells are destroyed in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease — work that opens up a new avenue for research on possible treatments for the degenerative brain condition.

This discovery by the scientists at the CRG provides an insight into stem cell - forming molecular mechanisms, and is therefore of great interest for studies on the early stages of life, during embryonic development.

The fossils preserve stages of embryonic development frozen in time by miraculous processes of fossilisation, which turned their squishy cells into stone.

Most excitingly, by comparing between individual cells, the team expect to reveal differences which could play key roles in both the early stages of life and the first stages of diseases such as cancer.

Hwang and his team harvested stem cells — the self - renewing progenitors of all cells in the body — from cloned early - stage embryos made by slipping the nucleus of a skin cell into a nucleus - free egg.

«This all happens by the one - cell stage, which is when the fate of the embryo is determined.»