The study examined effects of fat - free chocolate milk consumption on kinetic and
cellular markers of protein turnover, muscle glycogen, and performance during recovery from endurance exercise.
What's more, the levels of
cellular markers of disease — including the levels of amyloid beta and plaques — were noticeably lower in mice with more neuregulin - 1 compared to controls.
While a range of
cellular markers of exhaustion, such as PD - 1 and TIM3, have been characterized and are even the target of cancer immunotherapy drugs, the molecular details of how CD8 T cells switch gears were unclear.
Not exact matches
Investigators studied liver tissue from patients with steatohepatitis, who were heavy alcohol drinkers, and from ethanol - fed mice to identify biochemical
markers of cellular senescence.
Bruce Buchholz
of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory used
cellular markers for a study in which he concluded that we're more or less stuck with the number
of fat cells we have at about age 20.
Findings by Cincinnati Cancer Center researchers show that levels
of bisphenol A (BPA) in men's urine could be a
marker of prostate cancer and that low levels
of BPA exposure can cause
cellular changes in both non-malignant and malignant prostate cells.
(The
markers include genes and other DNA components, such as parts
of the DNA that turn proteins on or off, and
cellular components that play a role in regulating genes.)
Normal anatomical structure and the expression
of cell class - specific
markers does not demonstrate normal
cellular function and connectivity.
The ability to isolate pure CSC populations using
cellular markers has led to advances in our understanding
of the heterogeneity and plasticity
of the CSC phenotype.
For example, one could stain for
cellular markers and activation
markers to infer the activity status
of T lymphocytes
To measure how well a person's immune system is functioning, Dr. Maharaj uses a sophisticated blood test to examine innate and adaptive parts
of the body's protection system which includes more than 100
cellular markers.
Current explorations into the molecular underpinnings
of cell circuitry are leveraging multiple data types including expression profiling and epigenetic analysis leveraging RNA - seq and CHiP - Seq coupled with molecular
markers and
cellular phenotypes.
Oligonucleotide - labeled antibodies allow integration
of cellular protein and transcriptome measurements at a single - cell level, with the number
of simultaneously assayed protein
markers far surpassing what can be measured by cytometry - based approaches.
To further characterize HPP - 4382, we screened a selection
of alternative genes for expression: two
markers of endoplasmic - or general
cellular stress, HSPA6 and GADD45A, and ICAM1, a target
of NF - B.
They were also able to express
markers of the three germ layers, suggesting that they re-established pluripotency at the molecular and
cellular levels (Fig. 2I).
Other flow cytometry applications include:
cellular phenotyping by multiparameter cytofluorimetric analysis, sorting
of fluorescence protein - tagged cells, assessing apoptosis and cell cycle status, the identification / isolation
of stem and cancer stem cells (e.g.,
marker positive, side - population, etc.) and the deposition
of single cells.
The BCAAem also induces mammalian target
of rapamycin (mTOR) activity (another
marker of increased
cellular oxidative capacity and mitochondrial gene expression) in cultured cardiomyocytes.
Stress resistance has not been assessed however and so the biological relevance
of this finding is currently unknown.32 Several IER trials (75 - 85 % ER on restricted days) in overweight / obese populations have reported reductions in various
markers of oxidative stress 37, 41, which in one study was accompanied by a complementary increase in the anti-oxidant uric acid.37 In a direct comparison
of IER (75 % ER for two days / week) and CER, both ER strategies displayed equal efficacy in reducing levels
of fast - acting advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) after six months, which displayed a tendency to occur earlier (i.e. at three months) in the IER group.41 Levels
of slow - acting (i.e. long term) AOPP tended to decrease in the IER group and increase in the CER group which the authors proposed may have resulted from IER - induced activation
of autophagy, a key homeostatic
cellular process in which dysfunctional or unnecessary
cellular proteins are degraded and recycled.41 On the other hand, a follow - up study using similar IER / CER protocols demonstrated comparable reductions in AOPP in both groups after three months.48 Summary and Future Research Directions
It is now documented that people with acne tend to have lower levels
of cellular antioxidants and higher levels
of markers of oxidative damage.
1) A micronutrient sufficiency test such as Genova NutrEval or the SpectraCell test for vitamin, mineral, and essential fatty acid deficiencies, digestive support, antioxidant status, short - term toxic element exposure, and
markers of oxidative stress and
cellular damage such as lipid peroxides and 8 - hydroxydeguanosine (8 - OHdG).