Sentences with phrase «cellular processes in»

They're too slow to study natural three - dimensional (3D) cellular processes in real time and in detail (the sharpest views have been limited to isolated cells immobilized on glass slides).

Using tiny, alpaca - derived, single - domain antibody fragments, Whitehead Institute scientists have developed a method to perturb cellular processes in mammalian cells, allowing them to tease apart the roles that individual proteins play in these pathways.

My aim is to collect quantitative data about cellular processes in real time through observation and perturbation of molecular dynamics on the nanoscale in living cells.

It supports proposals that use different technologies to build up knowledge of functional mechanisms and intracellular dynamics with atomic structure information and integrate these into an understanding of cellular processes in the native environment and in real time.

A unique feature of this new resource is that it links various cellular processes in a molecular network and provides a more holistic view of the disease.

Dr Christos Gkogkas, a Chancellor's Fellow in the University of Edinburgh's Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, said: «Our study reveals that altered protein synthesis through eIF4E is a key cellular process in the brain that can go awry in depression.

In the past 27 years, we have found that this cycling sugar modification of proteins — called O - linked N - acetylglucosamine, or O - GlcNAc — is nearly as common as protein phosphorylation and often competes with it at the same or proximal sites on proteins to regulate nearly every cellular process in response to nutrients and stress.

Stress resistance has not been assessed however and so the biological relevance of this finding is currently unknown.32 Several IER trials (75 - 85 % ER on restricted days) in overweight / obese populations have reported reductions in various markers of oxidative stress 37, 41, which in one study was accompanied by a complementary increase in the anti-oxidant uric acid.37 In a direct comparison of IER (75 % ER for two days / week) and CER, both ER strategies displayed equal efficacy in reducing levels of fast - acting advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) after six months, which displayed a tendency to occur earlier (i.e. at three months) in the IER group.41 Levels of slow - acting (i.e. long term) AOPP tended to decrease in the IER group and increase in the CER group which the authors proposed may have resulted from IER - induced activation of autophagy, a key homeostatic cellular process in which dysfunctional or unnecessary cellular proteins are degraded and recycled.41 On the other hand, a follow - up study using similar IER / CER protocols demonstrated comparable reductions in AOPP in both groups after three months.48 Summary and Future Research Directions

And in clinical studies, PQQ, an extremely potent antioxidant found in all plants, has shown tremendous benefits for your heart, your brain, your energy levels... and for every other essential cellular process in your body.

Not exact matches

These improvements fall into two categories: improvements in AI, specifically natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning; and gains in computing and telecommunications infrastructure, like more powerful smartphones, better cellular networks, and faster cloud computing.

[37] Fletcher explained «Natural selection is in fact a chemical process as well as a biological process, and it was operating for about half a billion years before the earliest cellular life forms appear in the fossil record.»

«Cells have not selected against dynamic oscillations in their control circuits, but have made use of them to organize the staggering complexity of cellular dynamics into a well - ordered rhythmic sequence of biochemical processes.

Just as quantum mechanics is needed to, and does perfectly, fill the gap between the atomic structure of crystals and their beautiful shape in space, so too it will be needed to link the biochemistry of genetic code and cellular processes to the growth and shape of living things — provided, that is, that such a link can be found at all.

The process causes collagen, the cellular material in ligaments, to contract, tightening the joint.

In the above article the words: cellular, hormones, brain and nervous system appear by the second paragraph with absolutely no references to explain how these biological terms or processes relate to birth or birth trauma.

This correlated with a global reduction in arginine methylation, which controls multiple cellular processes, including DNA replication and DNA repair.

Carcinogens may cause cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with normal biological processes.

The critical moment occurs when a clinician can think across disciplines about how a cellular process may be active in many different diseases, as Folkman did.

Researchers from the Pasteur Institute and Inria, with researchers from the CNRS and Paris Diderot University, and from the Institute of Science and Technology (IST) in Austria, have published two articles in Nature Communications about computer control of cellular processes.

Diseases like Parkinson's, Type 2 diabetes and cancer have been linked to disruptions in this cellular recycling process.

Calcium - based signaling is used in many cellular and neuronal processes to initiate rapid responses to extracellular signals.

The technology offers unprecedented views of cellular processes and will allow researchers to observe cells in their natural state, an important step in teasing out normal and disease processes.

The AXIN2 protein interacts with proteins in the Wnt signalling pathway, which is involved in controlling many cellular processes, including development.

This is not to say that stem cells are not necessary to the process, however, because the cellular dedifferentiation process in urodeles is often presented as a means to locally generate pluripotent cells (perhaps stem cells or cells very similar to them).

«May we not feel,» he wrote, «that in the virus, in their merging with the cellular genome and reemerging from them, we observe the units and process which, in the course of evolution, have created the successful genetic patterns that underlie all living cells?»

The sense of smell may be linked to the cellular ageing process in many other organisms — even people.

Now 24, he is a first - year graduate student in the department of cellular and structural biology at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio (UTHSCSA), where he is studying the role of oxidative damage — the wear and tear inflicted upon the cell by toxic molecules called free radicals — in the aging process.

The objective of the research project led by Marko Kallio, Principal Scientist at VTT, was to accelerate the drug development process by identifying new compounds that would possess similar binding properties and cellular phenotype, but a different chemical structure, as the selected drugs in clinical use or investigational compounds in development.

The authors hypothesize that these activities are components of cellular reconfigurations that are involved in processing communication signals essential for social organization.

The most famous is the gene ontology, in which categories are assigned to genes based on their cellular location, molecular function, and biological process.

A comparative analysis of the genomes ofDrosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae — and the proteins they are predicted to encode — was undertaken in the context of cellular, developmental, and evolutionary processes.

Although no functions could be assigned to three of the proteins, bioinformatics analysis suggested that the remainder are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including reproduction, cellular metabolic processes, multicellular organismal growth, developmental processes, growth, locomotion, response to stimuli, localization and biological regulation.

Hackermüller: «This finding gave rise to a lively discussion as to whether this could be caused by chance events or mistakes in the regulation of cellular processes.

«While much more research is needed, it is exciting to consider that pharmacological intervention in these cellular processes might help slow or even prevent disease progression.»

This is further evidence that non-coding macroRNAs play an important role in cellular processes.»

The team also showed that the cellular process macropinocytosis, which participates in cell scavenging nutrients and vesicles, contributes to exosomes uptake in cancer cells with mutant KRAS.

Purdue University physicists are part of an international group using spinach to study the proteins involved in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert the sun's energy into carbohydrates used to power cellular processes.

DiChristina: It is, and then it moves on to a stage called the bloat stage, which lasts from the first week to about 3 weeks roughly, where those cellular processes continue and the gases that the cells create, as they continue their digesting and chemical processes, begin to build up in the body and the body starts to bloat.

They suspect that non-coding RNAs might play a role in regulating cellular processes or in the modified immune response following exposure to environmental toxicants.

The presence of calcium inside the cell, Malenka and Nicoll believed, acts like a cellular starting gun, setting off a complex cascade of chemical processes that results in LTP.

Through the mTOR signalling pathway, it is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, including cell survival, metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and senescence.

In a process called cellular reprogramming, researchers at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have taken mature blood cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and reprogrammed them back into iPSCs to study the genetic origins of this rare blood cancer.

Izpisua Belmonte added that more extensive studies will be needed to fully understand the role of heterochromatin disorganization in aging, including how it interacts with other cellular processes implicated in aging, such as shortening of the end of chromosomes, known as telomeres.

However, because the enzyme was involved in so many critical cellular processes, the researchers knew that such an approach would yield nothing more than dead fruit flies.

Last, the investigation of informational processing and cellular machineries have revealed that genomes of Asgard archaea, which affiliate with eukaryotes in the tree of life (see the figure), encode proteins that they only share with eukaryotes.

Previous research had shown that Topisomerase II was involved in earlier cellular processes like DNA replication, and the enzyme was still detectable even during later phases of meiosis.

Changing how the RNA folds can serve as a control knob in cellular processes — increasing, decreasing or altering activity in specific pathways — but determining how to make RNA so it folds in a particular way has long been a tedious and arduous process.

When researchers suppressed the ARF gene in mole - rat cells during the reprogramming process to iPSCs, the cells stopped proliferation with sign of cellular senescence, while the opposite happens with mouse cells.

This so - called microRNA disrupts the expression of two key cellular genes called TGF - β and SMAD3, in a process known as RNA interference (RNAi).

Martin Blank, an associate professor of physiology and cellular biophysics at Columbia University Medical Center's College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City, notes cell phones are most likely having some impact on biological processes.