Sentences with phrase «cellular proteins because»

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Because they act while embedded within the cellular membrane, transmembrane proteins have proven to be more difficult to study than proteins that operate in the watery solution that make up the cells» cytoplasm or in the extracellular fluid.

These proteins can not themselves be used to prevent bleeding episodes, because the cellular machinery found in plants can not package the human clotting factors into the biologically active form.

By remaking cellular PrP in its image, the prion replicates itself, and because the prion form of the protein is insoluble, it forms deposits that kill the cells.

An understanding of motor proteins is important to medical research because of their fundamental role in complex cellular life.

Her research team found that cellular oxidative stress (arising because of reactive oxygen species) increases in mice exposed to THS, damaging proteins, fats and DNA, and leading to hyperglycemia (excess glucose in the blood stream) and insulinemia (excess insulin in the blood)-- a condition also called insulin resistance.

Construction of genetic models continues to be a most effective measure in understanding gene functions because loss of functional mutants accurately reflects non-redundant protein functions and elucidates the cellular impact of a protein of interest.

For example, cellular reprogramming is an inefficient process because many of the target areas on the genome are covered by other proteins, like a childproof cap on a medicine bottle, which prevents the reprogramming factors from binding there.

Although some of the key molecular components involved in the formation of cellular structures and tissue formation are known, we currently lack a bottoms up understanding of how the behavior of these molecules gives rise to the formation of large structures, partly because of the lack of tools for both studying the spatial regulation of soluble proteins and biophysically characterizing the behavior of large structures and tissues.

Scientists have mostly ignored mRNA, the molecule that ferries information from DNA to the cellular machines that make proteins, because these DNA transcripts are ephemeral and soon destroyed.

Because the cellular fraction contained proteins destined for degradation in addition to enzymes required for the reaction, the team began to suspect that APF - 1 was linked to degradation targets rather than to the proteases that destroyed them.

Certain particle compounds may directly generate ROS in vivo because of their surface chemistry (eg, metals, organic compounds, and semiquinones) or after bioactivation by cytochrome P450 systems (eg, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon conversion to quinones).6, 290 a, 290 b A particle surface or anions present on otherwise more inert particles may disrupt iron homeostasis in the lung and thereby also generate ROS via Fenton reactions.291 Other PM constituents may do so indirectly by the upregulation of endogenous cellular sources (eg, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]-RRB- oxidase) 292,293 or by perturbing organelle function (eg, mitochondria) by taken - up PM components.261 Particle stimulation of irritant and afferent ANS fibers may also play a role in local and systemic oxidative stress formation.294 Given the rich antioxidant defenses in the lung fluid, secondarily generated oxidization products of endogenous molecules (eg, oxidized phospholipids, proteins) or a reduction in endogenous antioxidants per se may be responsible at least in part for the state of oxidative stress in the lungs (along with instigating the subsequent cellular responses) rather than ROS derived directly from PM and its constituents.

Rats fed protein - deficient diets have decreased DBP concentrations and a decreased ability to regulate calcium metabolism.38 Humans with acute liver failure also have depressed levels of DBP.39 This may be because the synthesis of DBP in the liver declines during such a condition, but DBP also plays a secondary role in scavenging harmful cellular debris from the blood; therefore, any kind of acute tissue damage can overwhelm our supply of DBP.

Free hormones are not bound to a protein, and the free hormone is what works on the cellular level, because it fits into the receptor.

Ketone bodies also help cells resist oxidative stress, preventing cellular damage, which makes ketogenic diets of interest to cancer researchers because or their ability to starve cancer cells of protein and carbohydrates, while fuelling healthy cells.

You simply can not give your pet an all - protein diet because it also needs carbs for energy and fats for cellular integrity and brain development.