However, «once commercially available,
cellulosic ethanol produced in set - aside grasslands should provide the most efficient tool for greenhouse gas reduction of any scenario we examined,» the report added.
Western Biomass Energy LLC, a subsidiary of Blue Sugars Corporation (previously KL Energy) reported the major milestone of claiming the first cellulosic ethanol tax credits under the RFS2 for a 20,069 gallon batch of
cellulosic ethanol produced from bagasse (sugar cane waste) in April 2012.
Not exact matches
Later this year the company is scheduled to finish a $ 200 million - plus facility in Nevada, Iowa, that will
produce 30 million gallons of
cellulosic ethanol using corn residue from nearby farms.
There is certainly a case for re-doubling the scientific efforts to
produce bio-fuels on lands which do not compete with food crops, for example from
cellulosic ethanol, but this technology is still not ready for the market.
That method could make a difference in
cellulosic biofuel plants, which
produce ethanol from waste products — corn husks and cobs — rather than edible kernels, a major advance in addressing the tradeoff of using agricultural land to grow corn for fuel rather than for food.
But the research suggests that even if researchers maximized the capacity to grow biofuels on all marginal lands, «the amount of
cellulosic ethanol it could
produce is only enough to provide 1.5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel by 2020.»
Liskij, Nicholas Grade: 8 SUMMA at Whitford Middle School - Beaverton, OR Project Title: Extracting Cellulase Enzymes from Varying Species of Soil Fungi Grown in a Cellulose Based Agar in Order to
Produce Cellulosic Ethanol
«Norm Lewis» research is pivotal to finding an easier way to
produce cellulosic ethanol in a cost effective way,» said Ralph Cavalieri, director of the WSU Agricultural Research Center.
Simultaneous Co-Fermentation of Mixed Sugars: A Promising Strategy for
Producing Cellulosic Ethanol, Soo Rin Kim, Suk - Jin Ha, Na Wei, Eun Joong Oh, Yong - Jin, Trends in Biotechnology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibntech.2012.01.005, February 20, 2012.
EPA mandates
cellulosic ethanol, which has never been
produced, except a few gallons by a tax payer funded new venture.
Cellulosic ethanol from grasses, sugarcane and algae probably offer the best opportunities going forward to
produce clean, renewable fuel without impacting food supply.
Last year, to much fanfare, the first batch of qualifying
cellulosic ethanol was
produced (i.e., it qualified for credits under the EPA program for certifying
ethanol for sales).
The one facility that
produced cellulosic ethanol RINs in 2012 has already gone bankrupt.
The 73,000 gallons of
cellulosic produced as of the end of July is about 1.8 % of the new EPA mandate (4 million gallons or 6 million «
ethanol - equivalent» gallons).
However, we only have about 10 years until the Renewable Fuel Standard ceases increasing, and we have yet to
produce any
cellulosic ethanol at all.
It will still take massive amounts of land to
produce the inputs necessary to create
cellulosic ethanol, and these inputs must be cheap enough such that they make it into the market place.
Tennessee has the potential to
produce billions of gallons of
cellulosic ethanol by using 4.5 million acres of land identified by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory as ideal for energy crop cultivation.
If current levels of crop waste were used to
produce biogas, 500 million gallons of
cellulosic ethanol could be
produced every year.
Edeniq can
produce 70 gallons of
cellulosic advanced
ethanol per ton of biomass.
Presently, despite frequently optimistic claims, it costs significantly more to
produce cellulosic ethanol than to
produce corn
ethanol.
Clearly we do not
produce enough corn and soybeans to achieve this goal, so the technology that is being counted on is almost certainly
cellulosic ethanol.
Switchgrass and hybrid poplars would
produce relatively high
ethanol yields on marginal lands, but it likely will be another decade before
cellulosic ethanol can compete with corn - based
ethanol.
The U.S. Energy Information Administration reports that only 20,000 gallons of
ethanol was
produced from non-food, «
cellulosic» sources in 2012.
A key advantage of using yeast for
cellulosic ethanol production is their ability to work over a broad temperature (< 44oC) and pH (3.0 — 8.0) range to
produce large amounts of sugar.
Industrial countries could
produce enough sugar cane / grain
ethanol and / or
cellulosic ethanol to replace the 75 + million barrels / day they consume without adversed effects on food production and / or major changes in land use.
They see small - scale
cellulosic refineries located near switchgrass grown on empty fields, beside pulp paper mill plants, or linked to municipal landfills,
producing ethanol and using leftover biomass for co-generation of heat.
In the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, Congress said that of the 36 billion gallons of biofuel it wants
produced by 2022, 15 billion gallons must come from corn - based
ethanol and at least 16 billion gallons from
cellulosic biofuels.
The National Commission on Energy Policy reported in December that, if fleet mileage in the U.S. rises to 40 mpg — somewhat below the current European Union fleet average for new vehicles of 42 mpg and well below the current Japanese average of 47 mpg - then as switchgrass yields improve modestly to around 10 tons / acre it would take only 30 million acres of land to
produce sufficient
cellulosic ethanol to fuel half the U.S. passenger fleet.
«The Q Microbe technology offers numerous important advantages over other
ethanol -
producing microorganisms, which we believe provides the operational foundation for profitable, commercial - scale
cellulosic ethanol production,» Qteros chief executive John A. McCarthy Jr. said in a statement today announcing the patent, which he said «underscores the significance and the unique nature of our technology.»
Under the agreement, Cooper Marine & Timberlands («CMT») will supply BlueFire's Fulton, Mississippi project with all of the feedstock required to
produce approximately 19 - million gallons of
ethanol per year from locally sourced
cellulosic materials such as wood chips, forest residual chips, pre-commercial thinnings and urban wood waste such as construction waste, storm debris, land clearing; or manufactured wood waste from furniture manufacturing.
Qteros has developed a proprietary technology «C3» (Complete
Cellulosic Conversion), which is uniquely capable of producing cellulosic ethanol in one step, thus reducing the costs and capital required for making
Cellulosic Conversion), which is uniquely capable of
producing cellulosic ethanol in one step, thus reducing the costs and capital required for making
cellulosic ethanol in one step, thus reducing the costs and capital required for making biofuels.
Many of the corn
ethanol plants can be easily modified to
produce cellulosic ethanol from the waste of farm crops.
GranBio begins
producing cellulosic ethanol in Brazil; very low carbon intensity of 6.98 gCO2e / MJ for California LCFS
And finally on the renewable fuels side, it includes a $ 20 million program to build a
cellulosic ethanol facility to create the first pilot - plant (we hope) that will
produce ethanol from woody biomass as opposed to corn, and thereby drastically raising the energy balance of the
ethanol.
Aemetis has signed a Master Agreement with key exclusive rights for the use of an advanced gasification technology from InEnTec to
produce cellulosic ethanol.
(Sec. 1514) Directs the EPA Administrator to: (1) establish an Advanced Biofuel Technologies Program to demonstrate advanced technologies for the production of alternative transportation fuels; (2) give priority to projects that enhance the geographical diversity of alternative fuels production and utilize feedstocks that represent 10 % or less of domestic
ethanol or biodiesel fuel production during the previous fiscal year; and (3) fund demonstration projects to develop conversion technologies for
producing cellulosic biomass
ethanol, and for coproducing value - added bioproducts (such as fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides) resulting from biodiesel fuel production.
Researchers at Indiana University believe that bacterium Z. mobilis could reduce the cost of
producing cellulosic ethanol from agricultural waste.
Instead of meeting the goals to
produce 100 million gallons of
cellulosic ethanol in the United States by 2010, the survey indicated that only 28.5 million gallons will be available in 2010.
Washington originally figured the industry could
produce 1 billion gallons of
cellulosic ethanol annually by 2013, so that's where it set the mandate for last year.
If Oregon, and the Northwest, truly wants a domestic - as in local - and renewable fuel source, we should be looking to build a
cellulosic ethanol industry using waste from the large Northwest forestry and agriculture sectors to
produce our liquid fuels (and a bit of electricity) as well as additional electricity from the Northwest's diverse and abundant renewable energy sources to power the electric component of a plug - in hybrid flex fuel fleet.
That makes the arithmetic work, but unfortunately, there is no viable technology to
produce cellulosic ethanol, and corn - based
ethanol is hitting its limits.
In 2012, the U.S. biofuel industry
produced only 20,069 gallons of
cellulosic ethanol, according to Climatewire.
The study also recommends that the RFS schedule «be revised to reflect the
ethanol industry's inability to
produce commercially viable
cellulosic fuels.»
For example, starch from corn grown in the midwest has traditionally been the source of some of the
ethanol used as a fuel additive in the U.S.. Another option for the conversion of
cellulosic biomass, such as hemp stalks, to
ethanol is their hydrolysis to sugar, followed by fermentation and removal of the
produced ethanol by distillation.
That alone is not security the only way we can
produce enough domestically is if we greatly improve the technology used to
produce cellulosic ethanol.
The technologies to convert these
cellulosic materials into
ethanol exist, but the cost of
producing cellulosic ethanol is close to double that of grain - based
ethanol.
The first large - scale commercial operation to
produce cellulosic ethanol (the kind of
ethanol made not from corn or other grown crops, but from organic waste) in the US just got major backing from the oil industry, and will be online in 2013.
In fact, he found
cellulosic ethanol was worse than corn
ethanol because it results in more air pollution, requires more land to
produce and causes more damage to wildlife.
:: Verenium
Cellulosic Ethanol First
Cellulosic Ethanol Biorefinery in the U.S. Opens
Ethanol Produced from Perrenial Grass Could Offset 20 % of Gas Use with 9.3 % of Cropland First Commercial - Scale
Cellulosic Ethanol Plant Approved for California
The U.S. Department of Energy projects that
cellulosic conversion technology could reduce the cost of
producing ethanol by as much as 60 cents per gallon by 2015.