The DNA that codes for proteins makes up only 2 per
cent of the human genome.
These retroviral gene sequences make up about 8 per
cent of the human genome, and are part of what is called non-coding DNA because they don't contain genetic instructions to make proteins.
One worry, for example, is whether present - day computer programs will be powerful enough to distinguish genes from the non-coding DNA that makes up 98 per
cent of the human genome.
Not exact matches
In 2001, the
human genome project reported that all
humans have 99.9 per
cent of their DNA in common, leaving just 0.1 per
cent to account for all our myriad differences.
Around 75 per
cent of the supposed functionless DNA in the
human genome is transcribed into so - called non-coding RNAs (ribonucleic acid).
When they compared this with the
genomes of five modern
humans, they found that people
of non-African origin had inherited between 1 and 4 per
cent of their genes from Neanderthals.
The
human genome contains around three meters
of DNA,
of which only about two per
cent contains genes that code for proteins.
They show that about 92 per
cent of the population harbors bacteria with a variant
of the gene sequence, according to a survey
of public
genome data from 250 adult
humans.
Up to 18 per
cent of the
genomes sequenced so far seem to be contaminated with
human DNA, likely because
of lax lab practices.
While only 6 per
cent of the non-African modern
human genome comes from other hominins, the share
of HLAs acquired during interbreeding is much higher.