Sentences with phrase «centennial time scales»

The record may not be fully known but it is known that it contains centennial time scale variablity that the models won't be able to reproduce.

The platform will complement existing GMES / Copernicus pre-operational components, but will focus on datasets which provide information on climate variability on decadal to centennial time scales from observed and projected climate change impacts in Europe, and will provide a toolbox to generate, compare and rank key indicators.

The primary objective of this work was to expand upon the capabilities of past GFDL models used to study climate on seasonal to centennial time scales by the addition of a comprehensive and interactive carbon cycle in the land, ocean and atmosphere to «close the carbon cycle» in the same way we do for water and energy in a traditional climate model.

The working group on coupled biogeochemical cycling and controlling factors dealt with questions regarding the role of plankton diversity, how ocean biogeochemistry will respond to global changes on decadal to centennial time scales, the key biogeochemical links between the ocean, atmosphere, and climate, and the role of estuaries, shelves, and marginal seas in the capturing, transformation, and exchange of terrestrial and open - marine material.

«The influence of rising oceans is even greater than the overall amount of sea level rise because of storm surge, erosion and inundation,» said Carlson, who studies the interaction of ice sheets, oceans and the climate system on centennial time scales.

... We also find that there is statistical significant negative relationship between AISMR and ENSO on inter-annual to centennial time scale and the strength of this relationship is modulated by solar activity from 3 to 40 year time scale.

«Ocean warming, acidification and deoxygenation are essentially irreversible on centennial time scales,» found the Royal Society, a London - based group specializing in scientific research, in a 2011 paper, «[O] nce these changes have occurred, it will take centuries for the ocean to recover.

[9] Their motion is the result of cyclic surges interspersed with longer periods of inactivity, on both hourly and centennial time scales.

And what the heck is this, «the directly policy - relevant portion is on the multi-decadal and centennial time scale»?

I think the analysis that best captures this effect is the one done by Larry Cathles (see here and here), which concludes that even with 1 percent leakage, on the centennial time scale switching to natural gas gives you 40 percent of the benefit of switching to entirely carbon - free energy.

Evidence for the presence of a coupled atmospheric forcing for the Indian and East African monsoons on a centennial time scale is also seen.»

By 2006 some models still found that changes in the ocean circulation «are able to produce abrupt climate changes on decadal to centennial time scales,» Randall et al. (2007), p. 641.

Assessments of climate change that consider possible effects of the Sun presently focus on multi-decadal and centennial time scales, assuming that the Schwabe radiation cycle is too short and its amplitude too small to have any significant effect on the climate system.

We assert that the amount of magnetic energy that remains present (de Wijn et al. 2009) at the surface of a spotless (i.e. quiet) Sun is the main driver of solar irradiance variability on centennial time scales.