Sentences with phrase «centimeter layer»

Expanding a 1 centimeter layer to two centimeter on top of a 10 km thick troposphere is what is supposed to control our climate.

Not exact matches

The shrimp represent centimeter - sized swimmers, including krill and shrimplike copepods, found throughout the world's oceans that may together be capable of mixing ocean layers — and delivering nutrient - rich deep waters to phytoplankton, or microscopic marine plants, near the surface, the researchers suggest.

The 2 - centimeter - thick layer contains tiny fossils usually found near the shore, as well as types of pollen different from those found in the rest of the core.

«Of the three spore types, two disappear from the core's sediment layers within 2 centimeters of each other, which would be the equivalent of a few decades,» Williams says of the mammoth dung - loving fungus.

We estimated that sediment deposition in a small body of water that stays frozen for most of the year would probably not exceed a few centimeters a year, so such a thick sediment layer might imply that the lake existed before 1908.

The cell was 1 square centimeter in size, consisting of a 200 - micron - thick silicon layer topped with a 1 - micron - thick perovskite layer.

Hoffman and his colleagues crafted their metamaterial semiconductor by placing alternating 80 - nanometer - thick (one nanometer equals 3.94 x 10 - 8 inch) layers of indium gallium arsenide and indium aluminum arsenide atop an indium phosphide substrate 5.1 centimeters (two inches) in diameter.

In a paper published online this month in Nano Letters, the Penn State team and colleagues from UT Dallas, the Naval Research Laboratory, Sandia National Lab, and labs in Taiwan and Saudi Arabia, discovered that the tungsten diselenide layer grew in perfectly aligned triangular islands 1 - 3 microns in size that slowly coalesced into a single crystal up to 1 centimeter square.

The layer of soil should be at least six centimeters deep.

To bring movement back to Rob Summers» paralyzed lower body, scientists and doctors surgically implanted a package of 16 small electrodes, just a few centimeters long, above the protective membrane layers of his spinal cord.

(Previous research has shown that crude oil burns most effectively when the oil layer that is maintained between one and four centimeters.)

Oil was pumped to the test apparatus to maintain the oil layer at about one centimeter (0.4 inches) throughout each 10 - 20 minute test burn.

The layer of ionic liquid allowed the researchers to inject the semiconductor with electrons at a density of a hundred trillion to a quadrillion per square centimeter.

The scientists took samples from every centimeter of sediment in a 1.5 - meter vertical section of the Vleesbaai dig and also analyzed samples from key layers at Pinnacle Point.

By creating an artificial solar wind and firing it at a centimeter - scale magnetic field, they demonstrated that a thin electric - field layer created by the collision of the solar wind with the magnetic field is up to the job of deflecting high - speed protons.

One of those layers is 4.5 centimeters of lead salvaged from the ballast of a centuries - old French shipwreck, whose age ensures that most of the potentially contaminating radiation from the decay of unstable lead isotopes is long gone.

As soon as two days later, Phoenix could deploy its robotic arm to begin scraping away the five - or six - inch (13 - to 15 - centimeter) layer of loose topsoil using a backhoe - like motion.

According to her, the research included four of the five functionally distinct carbon pools whose study is recommended by the United Nations (UN) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): aboveground biomass (live plants), dead organic matter, leaf litter (layer that contains a combination of fragments of leaves, branches and other decomposing organic matter) and soil (up to 30 centimeters (cm) in depth).

* Finally, Christopher Lowery follows the recovery of life at ground zero, focusing on an 80 - centimeter transitional layer and the limestone just above.

The 2 - centimeter threshold is no accident: That's roughly twice the thickness of a penguin's properly fluffed layer of insulating feathers.

A key characteristic of the locations where CO2 ice condenses is that there is always a permafrost layer composed of water ice - cemented grains a few centimeters below the surface.

By the disappearance of some centimeters of thick layer of camouflage material, the shape of the all - new A-Class is now more visible than before.

The Nintendo Wii video game system will play single or double - layered optical discs or 8 - centimeter Nintendo GameCube video games too.

Once the heated layer becomes more than a few centimeters thick, the heat loss of the skin layer due to downward conduction of heat by diffusion stops having any significant effect on the surface temperature, since rock is such a good insulator that the heat flux by conduction in rock is tiny compared to the heat loss by infrared radiation out the top.

The polar bear is perfectly suited to its frigid, icy habitat: They have two layers of fur — glossy, waterproof «guard» hairs and dense under - fur — and a thick layer of fat — 2 to 4 inches (5 to 10 centimeters)-- beneath their skin that helps keep them warm.

The scientists modified a land surface ecosystem model called ORCHIDEE to account for how carbon behaves at different layers, such as at the surface versus 30 centimeters below ground.

When pollen specialists routinely analyzed their clay cores in 10 - centimeter slices, they could not possibly see changes that took place within a centimeter's worth of layers.

A centimeter thick layer of crystalline silicon solar cells is laid on top, and covered by a layer of toughened glass.

Construction will inevitably disturb the top layer of soil, called a cryptobiotic crust, which contains dozens of species of moss, lichen, algae and fungi in each square centimeter and is critical to the desert's health, André says.