Sentences with phrase «central global estimate»

These new, spectral, simultaneous remote and in situ observations suggest that the single scattering albedo (ωo) of pure dust at a wavelength of 0.67 µm is predominantly in the range 0.90 to 0.99, with a central global estimate of 0.96.

Not exact matches

The emission limit depends on climate sensitivity, but central estimates [12]--[13], including those in the upcoming Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [14], are that a 2 °C global warming limit implies a cumulative carbon emissions limit of the order of 1000 GtC.

It's incredibly hypocritical of global warming denialists to whine that compilations of global temperature anomaly like GISTEMP have large distances between recording stations and this makes them an inaccurate estimate of global anomaly and then we have a global warming denialist extraordinaire, Roberts, claim that a SINGLE locality, Central England, can provide an adequate estimate of global anomaly.

The effect on global - mean temperature of assuming a large value for indirect aerosol forcing (viz. − 1.8 W / m2 in 2005, the 95th percentile value according to the IPCC AR4) compared with temperatures for the central indirect forcing estimate (− 0.7 W / m2) and a less extreme maximum of − 1.1 W / m2.

«The global mean temperature for 2015 is expected to be between 0.52 C and 0.76 C above the long - term (1961 - 1990) average of 14.0 C, with a central estimate of 0.64 C.»

The global average temperature for 2017 is expected to be between 0.63 °C and 0.87 °C above the long - term (1961 - 1990) average of 14.0 °C, with a central estimate of 0.75 °C....

The global mean temperature for 2015 is expected to be between 0.52 °C and 0.76 °C * above the long - term (1961 - 1990) average of 14.0 °C, with a central estimate of 0.64 °C, according to the Met Office annual global temperature forecast.

The final value for this year will be very close to the central estimate of 0.57 °C from the Met Office global temperature forecast for 2014, which was issued late last year.

Given that there is greater uncertainty associated with the HadCRUT data prior to 1900 due to fewer stations and sparser global coverage, and that the TCR constrained by 1901 - 2000 data better matches the IPCC central TCR estimates, their higher TCR (approximately 1.7 to 2.5 °C) seems more likely to be correct.

The new analysis reveals that global trends in recent decades are higher than reported in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and the central estimate for the rate of warming during the first 15 years of the 21st century is at least as great as the last half of the 20th century.

Urban areas account for between 53 % and 87 % (central estimate, 76 %) of CO2 emissions from global final energy use and between 30 % and 56 % (central estimate, 43 %) of global primary energy related CO2 emissions.

The issue is the time of the year, latitude and type.The Krakatoa problem is well known eg Stenchikov 2006 ie that the models over estimate the global forcing.Hansen suggested that the observations were incorrect, however the Giss model gets the AO sign incorrect and arctic central temps incorrect in scale and time so.This is due to the incorrect heteregenous chemistry at high latitudes eg chapter3 WMO 2003, Ozone assessment 2011.

In the figure, each line represents a central estimate of global average temperature rise (relative to the 1901 - 1960 average) for a specific emissions pathway.

The lines on the graph represent a central estimate of global average temperature rise (relative to the 1901 - 1960 average) for the two main scenarios used in this report.

The emission limit depends on climate sensitivity, but central estimates [12]--[13], including those in the upcoming Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [14], are that a 2 °C global warming limit implies a cumulative carbon emissions limit of the order of 1000 GtC.

These emission reductions are worth about $ 259 billion in reduced global climate damages based on central estimates, or 2.2 cents per kWh of solar.

FoE sees global population growing to 8.3 billion by 2050 against central estimates of around 10 billion.

That is the central finding of the Ecological Footprint (EF), a widely cited global sustainability indicator used by the United Nations and major NGOs around the world to estimate the impact of human activity on the biosphere.

Since no such effect has been observed or inferred in more than half a billion years of climate, since the concentration of CO2 in the Cambrian atmosphere approached 20 times today's concentration, with an inferred mean global surface temperature no more than 7 ° K higher than today's (Figure 7), and since a feedback - induced runaway greenhouse effect would occur even in today's climate where b > = 3.2 W m — 2 K — 1 but has not occurred, the IPCC's high - end estimates of the magnitude of individual temperature feedbacks are very likely to be excessive, implying that its central estimates are also likely to be excessive.

This abrupt increase in the gas, 20 times as effective at trapping heat as carbon dioxide, would accelerate global warming 15 - 35 years ahead of current projections, setting off a so - called «economic time bomb» of some $ 60 trillion (roughly the size of the 2012 global economy, writes Climate Central) the commentary estimates.

Dividing 0.68 W / m ² into ΔT», the change in global surface temperature, being 0.335 °C, and multiplying by 3.71 W / m ² (the estimated forcing from a doubling of CO2 concentration) gives a central estimate (median) for ECS of 1.83 °C.