There is some evidence that by the end of the first
century the Eucharist was celebrated on «the Lord's day», and that Gentile Christians did not observe the Sabbath.
Not exact matches
Since the second
century, the bishops have best exercised this ministry of unity, for they focus in one ministry both
Eucharist and mission.
Ignatius» epistles show that the
Eucharist was the central rite of Christian worship at the beginning of the second
century.
But of course the creedal statement, hallowed as it is by
centuries of use during the celebration of the
Eucharist, can be understood only when it is seen as a combination of supposedly historical data, theological affirmation put in a quasi-philosophical idiom, and a good deal of symbolic language (with the use of such phrases as «came down from heaven», «ascended into heaven», and the like).
Can we not admit that, in the twenty - first
century, what happens in the
Eucharist is a mystery that defies human ability to parse?
Centuries of debate between Christians about the meaning of the
Eucharist do not ease the offense of these words.
Although Luther was most captive to this form of thinking, it also affected the other 16th
century Reformers; Instead of seeing the
Eucharist as a time mystery, they treated it as a space mystery, and probed the static problem of locating the body of Christ rather than the dynamic one of making contact with a saving event.
Toward the end of Ut Unum Sint, John Paul cites some of the questions that must be addressed in conversation with the communities issuing from the tragic divisions of the sixteenth
century: (1) The relationship between Sacred Scripture, as the highest authority in matters of faith, and Sacred Tradition, as indispensable to the interpretation of the Word of God; (2) The
Eucharist as the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, an offering of praise to the Father, the sacrificial memorial and Real Presence of Christ and the sanctifying outpouring of the Holy Spirit; (3) Ordination, as a Sacrament, to the threefold ministry of the episcopate, presbyterate, and diaconate; (4) The Magisterium of the Church, entrusted to the pope and the bishops in communion with him, understood as a responsibility and an authority exercised in the name of Christ for teaching and safeguarding the faith; (5) The Virgin Mary, as Mother of God and Icon of the Church, the spiritual Mother who intercedes for Christ's disciples and for all humanity.
Three of the high - water marks of 20th -
century ecumenism reflect this dominance: the WCC's New Delhi statement on «the unity we seek» (1961), Vatican II's Unitatis redintegratio (Decree on Ecumenism, 1964) and the WCC's Faith and Order document Baptism,
Eucharist, and Ministry, which, though not given its finishing touches until just before its publication in 1982, reflects in its substance agreements that had been reached a decade or more earlier.
He pointed out that Christians of the first
centuries called it
eucharist, thanksgiving, and the sacrament of thanksgiving.
In this
century, Catholic and Protestant theologians have come much closer together in their understanding of the
Eucharist.
St Augustine in the fourth
century said: «We can not eat the
Eucharist without first adoring it,» and in the gospel we have this clear example of Mary and Elizabeth adoring Christ in the womb.
For several
centuries house churches served as the locus for small groups of Christians to pray, hear Scripture, sing praise, eat meals, celebrate the
Eucharist and share offerings with the poor.
Notwithstanding this shared Tradition of the first ten
centuries, for nearly one thousand years Catholics and Orthodox have been deprived of communion in the
Eucharist.
Some of the crucial points were those which are once again being anxiously turned over by the twentieth -
century Catholic Church — the nature of the Christian priesthood the proper understanding of the
eucharist, as an act of the Christian Church, the nature of sacraments and the proper place of «the Word of God».
The Catechism of the Catholic Church quotes St Justin Martyr: «On the day we call the day of the sun, all who dwell in the city of country gather...» and notes that «The liturgy of the
Eucharist unfolds according to a fundamental structure which has been preserved throughout the
centuries down to our own day.
As readers of Evangelical Catholicism, my book on deep reform in the 21st -
century Church, will remember, I proposed just such a change in the orientation of celebrant and congregation during the Liturgy of the
Eucharist: Priest and people would face each other during the Liturgy of the Word; celebrant and congregation would then pray together, facing the same direction, throughout the Liturgy of the
Eucharist.
The standard depiction of the subject, from the catacomb paintings in the fifth and sixth
century through more recent works by Taddeo Gaddi (c. 1350), Andrea del Castagno (c. 1447), Domenico Ghirlandaio (c. 1480), and Pietro Perugino (c. 1493) had emphasized the story of the
Eucharist.