Sentences with phrase «century glacier mass»

Regional and global projections of twenty - first century glacier mass changes in response to climate scenarios from global climate models.

Not exact matches

Consistent with observed changes in surface temperature, there has been an almost worldwide reduction in glacier and small ice cap (not including Antarctica and Greenland) mass and extent in the 20th century; snow cover has decreased in many regions of the Northern Hemisphere; sea ice extents have decreased in the Arctic, particularly in spring and summer (Chapter 4); the oceans are warming; and sea level is rising (Chapter 5).

A total of over 5,000 measurements of glacier volume and mass changes since 1850 and more than 42,000 records from observations and reconstructions dating back to the sixteenth century were analyzed.

However, the idea is simple, and I've talked about this much in many presentations this winter: Take the amount of ice you need to get rid of from Greenland to raise sea level 2 m in the next century, reduce it by your best estimate of the amount that would be removed by surface mass balance losses, and try to push the rest out of the aggregate cross-sectional area of Greenland's marine - based outlet glaciers.

«The best estimates for the next century are that Swiss glaciers will have only a few percent of the mass they had at the turn of the last century,» he said.

Anthropogenic forcing, resulting in thermal expansion from ocean warming and glacier mass loss, has very likely contributed to sea level rise during the latter half of the 20th century.

This claim is not only absurd, but unethical and cruel in its disregard for the world's poorest people who are threatened in this century and next by sea - level rise, storm surges, disappearing glaciers, flooding, drought, and mass species extinctions.

Second, he demonstrated that prevailing estimates of the 20th century GMSL rise (~ 1.5 to 2.0 mm / year), after correction for the maximum signal from ocean thermal expansion, implied mass flux from ice sheets and glaciers at a level that would grossly misfit the residual GIA - corrected observations of Earth's rotation.

«It is very likely that the rate of global mean sea level rise during the 21st century will exceed the rate observed during 1971 — 2010 for all Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios due to increases in ocean warming and loss of mass from glaciers and ice sheets.

A century of mass change measurements for several Swiss glaciers allow us to more finely resolve changes between decades.

Van de Wal and Wild (2001) find that the effect of precipitation changes on calculated global - average glacier mass changes in the 21st century is only 5 % of the temperature effect.

Slight mass gain of Karakoram glaciers in the early twenty - first century.

For example, chapter ten, «Ice melts, sea level rises,» discusses the disappearance of tropical mountain glaciers, estimates of sea level rise in the present century, estimates of its costs — the EPA estimated in 1991 that a one - meter rise would cost the US alone between $ 270 billion and $ 475 billion — evidence of past oceanic high - water marks and glacial extents, the dynamics of ice sheet disintegration, the thermal expansion of seawater, icequakes and meltponds, ice mass loss and gain in Greenland and Antarctica, the ozone hole, and the existence and significance of «marine ice sheets.»

As the authors put it in their paper, reductions in emissions «will only have very limited influence on on glacier mass change in the twenty - first century».

Projections for global average temperatures relative to 1850 - 79 (upper chart), rates of glacier change (middle) and total glacier mass (lower chart) for the 21st century.

For example, analyses of glacier mass balances, volume changes and length variations along with temperature records in the western European Alps (Vincent et al., 2005) indicate that between 1760 and 1830, glacier advance was driven by precipitation that was 25 % above the 20th century average, while there was little difference in average temperatures.

«Widespread mass losses from glaciers and reductions in snow cover over recent decades are projected to accelerate throughout the 21st century, reducing water availability, hydropower potential, and changing seasonality of flows in regions supplied by meltwater from major mountain ranges (e.g. Hindu - Kush, Himalaya, Andes)...»