Sentences with phrase «cerium oxide»

Incorporation of CNTs enhanced electron flow associated with photosynthesis by 49 % in extracted chloroplasts and by 30 % in leaves of living plants, and incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) into extracted chloroplasts significantly reduced concentrations of superoxide, a compound that is toxic to plants.

The goal is to get cerium oxide clusters as small as a single cerium atom with two oxygens.

In the catalytic converter, the catalyst cerium oxide grabs oxygen from air and adds it to carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to turn them into carbon dioxide, which is nonlethal.

When potent oxygen radical scavengers such as cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) were combined with a highly charged polymer (polyacrylic acid) and incorporated into extracted chloroplasts using the LEEP process, damage to the chloroplasts from superoxides and other reactive oxygen species was dramatically reduced.

Glass doped with cerium oxide effectively absorbs ultraviolet light.

You certainly have cerium oxide in your car, assuming it is less than 35 years old.

«The heterolytic reaction had not been seen before on cerium oxide,» Wu said.

In the catalytic converter, the catalyst cerium oxide grabs oxygen from air and adds it to carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to turn them into CO2, which is nonlethal.

For these tests, the researchers used a compound dubbed PCO, for praseodymium - doped cerium oxide.

They are often based on metals, and the new example is no exception — it consists of atomically small particles of ruthenium, a metal related to iron, sitting on a material called cerium oxide.

«Understanding how molecular hydrogen interacts with ceria [cerium oxide, CeO2], however, is a big challenge, as no regular technique can «see» the light H atom.

Cerium oxide nanocrystals have the ability to absorb and release oxygen ions — a chemical reaction known as reduction oxidation, or redox, for short.

In testing with hydrogen peroxide, a strong oxidizing agent, the researchers found their most effective cerium oxide III nanoparticles performed nine times better than a common antioxidant, Trolox, at first exposure, and held up well through 20 redox cycles.

Steel panels with cerium oxide coatings can be exposed to seawater for weeks on end without becoming covered by bacteria, algae, mollusks, or barnacles.

Deshpande, S., Patil, S., Kuchibhatla, S. V. & Seal, S. Size dependency variation in lattice parameter and valency states in nanocrystalline cerium oxide.

- Experiment Conducted Using Three Commonly Manufactured Nano - materials (MNMs)- Nano Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Nano Cerium Oxide (CeO2), Nano Titanium Oxide (TiO2), and Rhizobia as a Biosensor

The work builds on research, published in Science last year, in which the Wang and Datye groups found a novel way to trap and stabilize individual platinum atoms on the surface of cerium oxide, a commonly used component in emissions control catalysts.

The Tufts group was the first to demonstrate that atomically dispersed gold or platinum on supports, such as cerium oxide, are the active sites for the water - gas shift reaction.

You may have cerium oxide in your kitchen if your oven is a self - cleaning model; it helps breaks down burned - on leftovers.

Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the interaction between molecular hydrogen and cerium oxide.

Neutrons probed two mechanisms proposed to explain what happens when hydrogen gas flows over a cerium oxide (CeO2) catalyst that has been heated in an experimental chamber to different temperatures to change its oxidation state.

The finding that cerium oxide may grab hydrogen as well as oxygen is promising for efforts to engineer it to catalyze both reactions that cause electron gain («reduction» of a reactant) and electron loss («oxidation»).

«Because neutron spectroscopy could «see» hydrogen due to its large neutron scattering cross-section, it succeeded where optical spectroscopy techniques failed and enabled the first direct observations of cerium hydrides both on the surface and in the bulk of a cerium oxide catalyst,» Wu said.

At the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), a DOE Office of Science User Facility at ORNL, the researchers made nanoscale crystalline rods of cerium oxide with well - defined surface structure to facilitate an understanding of catalytic reactions that would be difficult with commercial, normally spherical particles of cerium oxide.

X-ray and microscope studies confirmed that the combination of ruthenium, cerium oxide and water was vital for the reaction to occur.

Meanwhile, Franklin Tao, Luan Nguyen and Xiaoyan Zhang of the University of Kansas used ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the oxidation state of cerium oxide, which was critical to deriving the mechanism.

This teamwork was essential to providing a deeper understanding of the interaction between molecular hydrogen and cerium oxide - based catalysts.

It is based on the interaction between platinum and the cerium oxide carrier to control catalytic activity by short - term changes of the engine's operation mode, researchers report in the journal Angewandte Chemie (Applied Chemistry).

The mixture then passes through a porous plug of aluminum oxide covered with rhodium and cerium oxide, which catalyzes reactions that yield hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

When cerium oxide III is mixed with free radicals, it catalyzes a reaction that effectively defangs the ROS by capturing oxygen atoms and turning into cerium oxide IV.

None of the cerium oxide particles made before Rice tackled the problem were stable enough to be used in biological settings, she said.

Rice chemist Vicki Colvin led a team that created small, uniform spheres of cerium oxide and gave them a thin coating of fatty oleic acid to make them biocompatible.

She said cerium oxide IV particles slowly release their captured oxygen and revert to cerium oxide III, and can break down free radicals again and again.

Colvin said cerium oxide, a form of the rare earth metal cerium, remains relatively stable as it cycles between cerium oxide III and IV.

With their large surface areas and sufficiently high number of defects, the cerium oxide nano - shapes are able to capture the platinum atoms on their surfaces and keep them from clumping together, so that the platinum can continue to do its work.

The researchers used a commonly - used and inexpensive manufacturing material, known as cerium oxide, to create a tiny, nano - scale trap.

Adding the cerium oxide to the catalyst is a simple process, too, with no exotic precursors needed.

Mobile platinum oxide species trapped on a cerium oxide surface.

They shaped the cerium oxide into nanometer - sized rods and polyhedrons, which look like tiny pieces of rock candy, to capture the platinum atoms.

As a fine powder mixed into diesel fuel, cerium oxide can also clean up the sooty fumes produced by trucks and buses.

A fine powder of cerium oxide, known as optician's rouge, is an excellent abrasive for polishing glass.

In 1885 the Viennese chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach found that a pinch of cerium oxide, together with thorium oxide, usefully increases the brightness of a gas lamp.

With their large surface areas and sufficiently high number of defects, the cerium oxide nanoshapes are able to capture the platinum atoms on their surfaces and keep them from clumping together, so the platinum can continue its work.

The scientists used a common, inexpensive manufacturing material, cerium oxide, to create a tiny, nanoscale trap.

The team saw the oxygen atoms flow out of the cerium oxide clusters and slowly spread farther and farther away by combining high - resolution scanning tunneling microscopy with a conventional surface - sensitive technique, called Auger spectroscopy.

Then, they added tiny clusters of a common metal oxide, popular in car exhaust systems, cerium oxide.

Specifically, the tools showed that the cerium oxide clusters passed their oxygen atoms through the graphene to the metal underneath.

Summary: The recent findings build on research, published in Science last year, in which the Wang and Datye groups found a novel way to trap and stabilize individual platinum atoms on the surface of cerium oxide, a commonly used component in emissions control catalysts.

Multiple types of spectroscopy and electron microscopy capabilities available at EMSL, the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE Office of Science user facility on the PNNL campus, allowed the scientists to understand the catalyst surface at the atomic level and provide mechanistic insight into how oxygen vacancies migrate to the surface of the cerium oxide, creating pathways for highly active carbon monoxide conversion.