Sentences with phrase «change in functioning over»

A residual scores method was used to assess change in functioning over time.

And lastly, assessments may be undertaken to measure change in functioning over time, such as to determine the consequences of a surgical procedure or the impact of a rehabilitation program or over time.

Before this study, scientists debated how these immune genes can evolve rapidly (which is necessary to keep up with the fast - evolving parasites), whilst also showing little or no evolutionary change in their function over millions of years, as observed between humans and chimpanzees.

Not exact matches

Other changes have been in the works for months, including the departure soon of Glenn Butt, executive vice-president of automotive whose functions overseeing the auto department had been taken over by the company's head of marketing.

However, over the last several months market volatility has returned with a vengeance — a function of changing monetary policy in the U.S. and a plethora of geopolitical risks popping up around the globe.

The nature of religious television in America can be seen to be a function of the interaction of four main players; changes over the past decades have come about because of changes in the relative power and relationships of the four following players: (1) the regulatory agencies of the federal government, which, through the legislative process, provide the structure within which interaction inside the television industry takes place; (2) the television industry, primarily network and local station managements, which control the airwaves within the legislated structure; (3) the viewing public, which selects what it is that will be watched; and (4) the religious broadcasters who provide the material for broadcasts.

Nerve function in the untreated limb did not change over the six - week period.

The authors speculate that the decline in lung function is attributable to the irritation that most cleaning chemicals cause on the mucous membranes lining the airways, which over time results in persistent changes in the airways and airway remodeling.

Seeing the sharp declines in parts of the ocean I have come to know and love reminds me that as we look into new ways to protect our planet from climate change, we need to look again at the natural machinery that already works, that developed over four and a half billion years, and do everything we can to restore its functions.

«The remarkable process of evolution means that molecules that once had the same function can, over hundreds of millions of years, change to control such different processes as anxiety in humans and moulting in insects.

Synapses may change their shape or function in a matter of seconds or over an entire lifetime.

So over time, changes in the cytoskeleton form the shape and behavior of cells and, ultimately, the structure and function of the organism as a whole.

In this study, researchers examined vegetation change as a function of wildfire disturbance and climate change over a 100 - year period.

Upon follow - up, however, marijuana use was not associated with change in kidney function over time or the appearance of albumin in the urine, which is a sign of kidney damage.

As scientists and manufacturers develop more tools to analyze metabolomics in more detail, we learn more about biological systems — how they function in healthy and disease states, as well as how they change over time and in different environments.

Decline in cognitive test scores over 10 years (% change = change / range of text × 100) as function of baseline age cohort in men and women, estimated from linear mixed models.

«Over the past ten years, several research groups, including our own, have shown the importance of certain immune cell subsets in preventing or exacerbating heart disease in mice, but we are just beginning to understand how the metabolism and function of these immune cells change during cardiovascular disease progression in humans,» says Hedrick.

Her studies include morphological changes across ontogeny and over deep time, which offer a way to investigate pattern and process in evolution, and help to generate more comprehensive hypotheses about how form and function interact.

But the term may be applied more casually to point to things (such as an individual's brain development) that change in form or function, over time, in response to cues (such as developmental hormones).

Over six weeks, I witnessed his body change dramatically in shape and function, and he was pain - free after just a few sessions!

What's more, the researchers also reported that over a six - month period, participants in the aerobic exercise group improved in tests that measure executive function — a set of thinking processes that include working memory, reasoning, and problem solving — while the stretching group showed no change.

The resistant starch found in the baobab fruit and the short chain fatty acids it yields has been shown in research studies to favorably change the composition of friendly versus pathogenic microorganisms in the gut, slow glucose absorption to help control blood sugar levels by reducing insulin resistance, increase satiety and weight loss, reduce inflammatory allergic responses and improve immune system functioning (over 60 % of the immune system is located in or around the digestive system).

Natural changes in muscle, bone, lung tissue, and nervous system function over time causes a persons lung capacity to decline with age.

Over the past 40 years, the consumption of junk food, mostly in the form of refined carbohydrates, has increased dramatically, while fat and protein intake has remained almost the same.3 This dietary change alone has significantly reduced aerobic function in millions of people, and increased their risk for chronic illness.

According Echevarria (2001), «these changes demand in organizations and institutions with a renewed professionalism settings... in the knowledge society begins to take over culture and mobility as it requires a capacity to adapt to the intelligent realization of a relatively wide range function, transfigured with the passage of time» (White Paper, 114 - 116).

Year 6 Science Assessments and Tracking Objectives covered: Describe how living things are classified into broad groups according to common observable characteristics and based on similarities and differences, including micro-organisms, plants and animals Give reasons for classifying plants and animals based on specific characteristics Identify and name the main parts of the human circulatory system, and describe the functions of the heart, blood vessels and blood Recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs and lifestyle on the way their bodies function Describe the ways in which nutrients and water are transported within animals, including humans Recognise that living things have changed over time and that fossils provide information about living things that inhabited the Earth millions of years ago Recognise that living things produce offspring of the same kind, but normally offspring vary and are not identical to their parents Identify how animals and plants are adapted to suit their environment in different ways and that adaptation may lead to evolution Recognise that light appears to travel in straight lines Use the idea that light travels in straight lines to explain that objects are seen because they give out or reflect light into the eye Explain that we see things because light travels from light sources to our eyes or from light sources to objects and then to our eyes Use the idea that light travels in straight lines to explain why shadows have the same shape as the objects that cast them Associate the brightness of a lamp or the volume of a buzzer with the number and voltage of cells used in the circuit Compare and give reasons for variations in how components function, including the brightness of bulbs, the loudness of buzzers and the on / off position of switches Use recognised symbols when representing a simple circuit in a diagram

Over the last couple of decades, we've experienced significant changes in the use of different levels of technologies, implemented throughout schools to ultimately enhance everyday teaching in the classroom and assist with back office administrative functions, writes CEO of IG3 Education, Tony Church.

Most of the examples in this article have featured data tables for analyzing functions, but of course, graphs are another effective means of representing input - output situations, including changes over time (whether the rate of change is constant or varying).

Other activities in which teacher candidates engaged have engaged in my courses are attending webinars hosted by the National Council of Geography Education on integrating online maps into pedagogical practice, using Google Earth ™ to create flyovers and virtual fieldtrips, retrieving and analyzing remotely sensed imagery of our town and university to visualize how these places had changed and developed over the years, using various functions in Google Maps ™, and reviewing school demographic and testing data in preparation for instructional planning.

of torque (10 percent increase), with better fuel economy and increased refinement 6,000 - mile maintenance schedule for all gasoline engines Improved steering linkage for 4x4 models Trailer Sway Control added to available Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Tire Pressure Monitoring (TPM) system available 2007 MODEL YEAR YES ® Essentials Stain resistant, odor resistant, anti-static seat fabric incorporated into vehicles with cloth seats Power accessory delay E85 compatible 4.7 - liter V - 8 engine (Flexible Fuel Vehicle — FFV) Optional Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Optional remote start One - touch, three - blink lane change feature 2006 MODEL YEAR Multi-displacement System (MDS) on 5.7 - liter engine is a fully functioning cylinder deactivation system on a pickup truck (first for segment) and enables fuel economy improvements of up to 20 percent Variable Line Pressure (VLP) feature on four - speed automatic transmission (mated with 3.7 - liter V - 6 engine) results in improved fuel economy and smoother shifts Front - axle disconnect system (standard on 4x4 models) minimizes energy consumption and improves fuel economy NV244 full - time electric transfer case standard on all 4x4 models delivers 45/55 front / rear torque split when four - wheel drive is activated Optional all - wheel - drive electronic transfer case «Tow / haul» feature provides crisper shifts and reduces gear searching when towing Re-engineered hydroformed, fully boxed frame with increased torsional rigidity and bending stiffness for enhanced ride and handling capability and reduced transfer of noise Reduced drag brake calipers contributing to enhanced aerodynamics Coil - over shock, double wishbone front suspension on 4x4 models Specifically tuned monotube shock absorbers Re-tuned springs, jounce bumpers and suspension bushings for enhanced driving dynamics Re-engineered body mount design results in quieter cabin experience and more comfortable ride Re-engineered engine and transmission mounts for enhanced ride and handling characteristics

With the exception of the body and interior changes that had been made over the years, this compact pickup truck still bore a striking resemblance in mechanics and function to the first Ranger from 1983.

It also offers some pre-installed apps, better security functions, somewhat improved performance over Windows 8.1, and minor changes here and there, but what benefits does Windows 10 bring specifically to tablets and 2 - in - 1's?

However, over the last several months market volatility has returned with a vengeance — a function of changing monetary policy in the U.S. and a plethora of geopolitical risks popping up around the globe.

The overall function of the nervous system may be altered / compromised in some way, and those abnormalities may change over time.

Shari Duval — founder and president of K9s for Warriors, which pairs veterans who suffer from PTSD and other wounds of war with rescue dogs who've been specially trained as service dogs to help these veterans function more effectively in civilian life — recounts how concern over profound changes in her son, Brett Simon, after he returned from two tours of duty in Iraq spurred her to launch the organization.

Asher writes: «DeFeo's metaphysical but concrete art functions in much the same way: the act of mirroring, or flipping images over and around, of changing black to white, of cutting through the surface of something, of changing liquid to solid, of waking and sleeping, of returning a different person to the place where you began your journey: such transformations are the very sensibilities of DeFeo's art, not one of mere sentences but one of propositions, abstract, as direct as they are elusive, subtle, alive to indispensable distinctions.»

After that it's just a matter of applying the strong law of large numbers to the partition function, integrating over the allowed linear changes in terrestrial land use, and calculating the average rate of convergence of the continuous time martingale.

Hmm, I thought that was the whole idea: to model inertia by distributing each year's instantaneous temperature change over the next 2000 years, in unequal slices the sizes of which are determined by Climate Response Function percentages.

Second, there is a wider debate over what to do, or not do, about climate change, with peoples» preferences (a carbon tax, a technology push, building dikes or parasols in space) not so much a function of science as values.

In a linear approximation (that the blackbody spectral flux as a function of local temperature changes linearly over optical thickness going down from TOA, down to a sufficient optical depth), a doubling of CO2 will bring the depth of the valley halfway towards half of the OLR (the OLR at 15 microns will decrease by 25 % per doubling — remember this is before the temperature responds).

On the other hand, there is no reason to believe that the Walker circulation should change smoothly as a function of climate forcings; perhaps the potential for change builds up over many years, and manifests itself all of a sudden, in the fashion of an avalanche.

So the intensity of radiation (at some frequency and polarization) changes over distance, such that, in the direction the intensity is going, it is always approaching the blackbody value (Planck function) for the local temperature; it approaches this quickly if the absorption cross section density is high; if the cross section density is very high and the temperature doesn't vary much over distance, the intensity may be nearly equal to the Planck function for that location; otherwise its value is a weighted average of the Planck function of local temperature extending back over the path in the direction it came from.

In the approach to this limit, when optical thickness is sufficiently large, a linear approximation can be made (remember what was said earlier about small intervals), wherein each doubling results in half the change of the last doubling (that's based on an approximately linear change in temperature relative to optical distances, and an approximately linear change in the Planck function over temperature — applicable for the small distances and small temperature variations impliedIn the approach to this limit, when optical thickness is sufficiently large, a linear approximation can be made (remember what was said earlier about small intervals), wherein each doubling results in half the change of the last doubling (that's based on an approximately linear change in temperature relative to optical distances, and an approximately linear change in the Planck function over temperature — applicable for the small distances and small temperature variations impliedin half the change of the last doubling (that's based on an approximately linear change in temperature relative to optical distances, and an approximately linear change in the Planck function over temperature — applicable for the small distances and small temperature variations impliedin temperature relative to optical distances, and an approximately linear change in the Planck function over temperature — applicable for the small distances and small temperature variations impliedin the Planck function over temperature — applicable for the small distances and small temperature variations implied).

The rise in emitted energy seems a much simpler ratio, emitted energy in the case we are discussing does not change at a constant rate, it changes in relation to the intensity of the emitter, this change over time is a linear function due to the systemic processes which we are still working to describe, sorry.

(The PR from a layer will tend to be more evenly distributed between going out the top and out the bottom if either the change in temperature is evenly distributed within the layer, or if the layer has significant but not large optical thickness over a portion of the spectrum (weighted by the Planck function (s) for the temperature (s) involved) considerably greater than any portion where the optical thickness is large.)

The results over time may vary as a function of a) the input data (which change due to corrections, increasing archived data, changes in homogeneity adjustments, bias corrections etc. made by others — including the National Met Services), b) the method (all of which are documented in the various papers).

Their study, published in August in Geophysical Research Letters, concluded that the lack of rain in California over the past few years has been primarily a function of natural variability, not climate change.

The data were further revised in 2008 to account for variations in the satellite weighting functions over time due to changes in atmospheric composition.

Posted in Advocacy, Capacity Development, Development and Climate Change, Disaster and Emergency, Disasters and Climate Change, Ecosystem Functions, Information and Communication, International Agencies, Lessons, Migration, Mitigation, News, Resilience, Urbanization, Vulnerability, Weather Comments Off on Crying Wolf Over Disasters Undermines Future Warnings

• Poles to tropics temperature gradient, average temp of tropics over past 540 Ma; and arguably warming may be net - beneficial overall • Quotes from IPCC AR4 WG1 showing that warming would be beneficial for life, not damaging • Quotes from IPCC AR5 WG3 stating (in effect) that the damage functions used for estimating damages are not supported by evidence • Richard Tol's breakdown of economic impacts of GW by sector • Economic damages of climate change — about the IAMs • McKitrick — Social Cost of Carbon much lower than commonly stated • Bias on impacts of GHG emissions — Figure 1 is a chart showing 15 recent estimates of SCC — Lewis and Curry, 2015, has the lowest uncertainty range.